Term
| Off-gas more quickly; more volatile |
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Definition
| Modern home contents are made of materials that ____________ and create ____________ smoke than older materials. |
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Term
| Four key Attributes of Smoke |
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Definition
-Volume
-Velocity
-Density
-Colour |
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Term
| The Four Key Addtributes of Smoke |
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Definition
| A fire officer can determine the size and location of the fire by comparing _________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Indicates the amount of fuels that are off-gassing. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hot, clean-burning fire produces ________. |
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Term
| Very high volume of smoke |
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Definition
| A hot, fast burning, poorly ventilated fire procudes __________ |
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Term
| High volume of smoke, usually lighter in colour |
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Definition
| Damp slow burning fuel produces _________. |
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Term
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Definition
| __________ fuels can produce large volumes of smoke with little heat. |
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Term
| Large volume of smoke; ventilation |
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Definition
| _________ may indicate that the container is full and pressure is building, ________ is needed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stable, steady smoke flow, no turbulance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Agitated, boiling, or "angry" smoke. |
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Term
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Definition
| The speed of the smoke flow, indicating how much pressure has built up in the building. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tactically the fire officer needs to know _______ _______ the smoke velocity (pressure) to build. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two things that casue smoke to pressurize. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rises upward and slows gradually after it leaves the building. |
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Term
| Velocity caused by volume restriction |
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Definition
| Immediately slows and balances with outside air flow. |
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Term
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Definition
| If __________ is seen, flashover is likely. |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by rapid expansion of gases within the smoke when volume is restricted. |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure exhibiting turbulent flow should be ________ and _________. |
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Term
| smoke toxicology; thermal exposure |
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Definition
| Persons in turbulent flow conditions have little chance of survival due to ___________ and __________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smoke follows the path of __________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smoke ________ velocity with ________ distance from the fire. |
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Term
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Definition
| The structure can absorb the heat from the smoke leading to a more ________ flow. |
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Term
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Definition
| The _________ of the opening the smoke is coming out of should be considered when observing velocity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Indicates how much fuel is present in the smoke. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increasing density of smoke ________ the potential for flahsover or rapid fire spread. |
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Term
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Definition
| ________, or dense smoke can render a vitim unconscious and cause death in just a few minutes. |
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Term
| Happening at increasingly lower temperatur levels |
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Definition
| Due to an increase in plastics and low-mass materials smoke-cloud ignition is _________. |
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Term
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Definition
| _________ can happen at temperatures unfelt by firefighters in full structural PPE. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can indicate the type of fuel burning in single-fuel fires. |
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Term
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Definition
| Indicates the states of heating and location of the fire within the building. |
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Term
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Definition
| The colour of smoke when it solid materials are first heated, caused by moisture. |
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Term
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Definition
| Colour of wood smoke after intial moisture is gone and material is starting to break down. |
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Term
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Definition
| Colour of smoke from plastics and painted surfaces after initial moisture is gone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Colour of smoke of all materials eventually. |
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Term
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Definition
| The colour of smoke cuased by off-gassing from surfaces being touched by open flames. |
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Term
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Definition
| The more _______ smoke, the ________ the fire. |
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Term
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Definition
| High velocity, low density, black smoke indicates ___________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Can indicate distance from the fire. |
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Term
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Definition
| As smoke increases in distance from the fire it will become ________ . |
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Term
| It heats up additional objects, causing the release of moisture. - It deposits carbon on surfaces as it passes. |
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Definition
| Smoke becomes more grey over distance because: |
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Term
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Definition
| Comes from unfinished wood, usually indicating the structure itself is burning. |
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Term
- wall studs
- floor joists
- roof rafters/trusses |
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Definition
| Most unfinished wood in a structure is found in the _________________. |
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Term
| Indicates impending structural collapse |
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Definition
| Brown smoke coming out of gable-end vents, eves, and floor seams. |
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Term
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Definition
| Faster, darker smoke comes from _______. |
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Term
| Further from the fire source |
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Definition
| Slower, lighter smoke comes from __________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Determine ____________ by comparing smoke velocity and colour from multiple openings. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fire with high-volume, turbulent velocy, ultra-dense, blacksmoke. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sign of impending auto-ignition and flashover. |
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Term
| Black fire, vent and cool |
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Definition
| Firefighters should treat ________ the same as flames, __________. |
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Term
| Conditions that alter the appearance of smoke. |
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Definition
- Wind
- Thermal balance
- Fire streams
- ventilation openings
- sprinkler systems |
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