Term
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Definition
| inhalation- aerosolized, aspiration-orpharyngeal flora (anythign that alters alertness so usual mechanisms to protect aspiratio ndont work), hematogenous spread- blodostream bringing it to lungs. , spread from a contigious focus-via trauma . |
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Term
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Definition
| cough- to clear bacteria from oropharynx. Mucocilliary clearance. Alveolar macrophages. |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs, alcohol, neuromuscular diseases |
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Term
| Impairment of mucocillayr trnasport |
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Definition
| COPD, INfluenza interfering with respiratory epithelium. |
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Term
| younger healthy adults more liekly pahtogens |
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Definition
| pnuemococcus, mycolplsam, chlamydia, and viruses |
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Term
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Definition
| pnuemoccous, influenza, myocbacteirum tuberculosis (reactivation disease , as immuen system wanes). |
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Term
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Definition
| gram negative bacilli mostly. |
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Term
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Definition
| MRSA, G- bacilli, legionella |
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Term
| duratiosn of sy mtposm : hours to few days |
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Definition
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Term
| days to weeks duration of symtpoms |
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Definition
| fungal, anaerobic, mycobacterial . |
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Term
| extrapulm symtposm: rhinitis and pharyrngiits |
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Definition
| viruses, mycoplasma, chalmidyia |
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Term
| extrapulm symptoms pneumonia : diarrhea |
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Definition
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Term
| expulm symtpoms: severe malaise and myalgias: |
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Definition
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Term
| physical exam findings inspection |
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Definition
| tachypnea, use ofa cecsory msucles, cyanosis |
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Term
| lung findings of pneumonia |
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Definition
| dullness to percussion (consolidtaion). rales. egophony- e-a changes. bronchial breath sounds- sounds liek trachea. Increased fremitus. whispered petroquikley. |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial ifnection (exudate in alveoli) |
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Term
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Definition
| pnuemocysits of hiv, viral, bronchoalveolar carcinoma. early staphylocacal pnuemonia. mostly not bacteirtal |
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Term
|
Definition
| enlarge dlymph nodes ofh ilum- tb,viral, fungal. |
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Term
| pleural effusion pnuemonia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| lab findings with pneumonia |
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Definition
| luekocytosis with elft shift. sputum- polys: alveolar macrohpages and bronchial epithealial cells, blood culture positive |
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Term
| cytomegalovirus epimediology |
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Definition
| mostly in immuncoompromised |
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Term
| viral pneumonia frequent causes in adults |
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Definition
| influenza most common in adults, CMV in immunocomporomised, varicella, and measles in unvaccinated people |
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Term
| clincial sytmpsom of viral penumonia |
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Definition
| dry cough, dyspnea, constit symtpoms- tired and drop in appetite. Interstitial infilrtates on chest ex ray, mostly normal lung findings |
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|
Term
| strep pneumonia colonization |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| clnical sytmpoms strep pneumonia |
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Definition
| cough, fever, rusty sputum produciton , pleurtiic chest pain, dyspnea. UR symtposm usually preceed . physical exam: rales or decreased breath sounds |
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Term
| lab findings strep pneumonia |
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Definition
lue,ocytosis. sputum gramstain grapmositic dipolocci (lancet shaped).
pleural effusions can be seen, and empyema (pus in pleural cavity). outline of bronchi in x-ray- blod oculturep ositi9ve |
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Term
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Definition
| penicillin, cehpalosporins,quionolones (donte ver use cipro in URI unless know it is G-). Vancomycin for resistant pathogens. |
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|
Term
| strep complciaitons of pneumonia |
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Definition
| meningitis ,endocarditis ,perciarditis, arhiritis |
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Term
| increased risk for s pneumoniae infeciton |
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Definition
POST INFLUENZA/VIRAL IFNECTION .
asplenci patients- spleen eneded to fight encapsulated organisms. AIDS, multiple myeloma cant fight encapsulated orgnaisms. |
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Term
| who receives pneumocola vaccine |
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Definition
Asplenic patinets, funcitona l asplenims (anemia), comorbid illenss- kdiney, l ung heart, diabetes cirhorris,
HIv, mutliple myleoma- cssf leak- risk for menigitis. |
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Term
| Hemophilus influenzae pneumonia senei nwhich patients |
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Definition
| seen in patients with chronic bornhciitsi and infants , coccobacilli |
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|
Term
| Hemophilus influenzae pneumonia senei nwhich patients |
|
Definition
| seen in patients with chronic bornhciitsi and infants |
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Term
|
Definition
| ampicillin b lactamasei nhib, cephalosporin |
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|
Term
| gram negative bacilli pneumonia seen in |
|
Definition
| impairedi mmune system: chronic alcoholism, cycstic fiboris, neturopenia ,diabetes, comorbid illness, hospitalized pagients, malignancy |
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Term
| kelbsiella pnuemonia comonly senei n |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| hematogenous spread from urinarty tract |
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|
Term
| psueodmoans pnuemonai seen in paitnets with |
|
Definition
| cystic fibroisis , and nosomoaial |
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Term
|
Definition
| penicillin , ecphalosporin, flouroquionlone |
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Term
|
Definition
| simliar ot s pneumonia - but cna cause ncerosis ,asbeess, cacvitaiton ,epmyema |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| gram positive cocic in clusters |
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|
Term
| septic emboli seen with which organism |
|
Definition
| staph aureus. , also see wedge shaped infiltrate. , nodular infiltrate |
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Term
|
Definition
| penicillinae reissitant penicillin. or cephalosporin |
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Term
|
Definition
| mycoplasma pneumonaie, legionelal pneumophila,chlaymdiae pneumoniae |
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Term
|
Definition
| young adults, usually upper respiratory tract ifnection |
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|
Term
| mycoplasm apneumonaie clincial symtpoms |
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Definition
| dry hacing cough, lots of extra pulm symtpoms-myalgias, arthralgias, skin lesion: stevens johnson. |
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|
Term
| mycoplasma pneumonia lab findigns |
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Definition
| cold aggluttiins, complement fixaiton ntibody. |
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|
Term
| myocplasma pneumoaniet reatmet |
|
Definition
| macroldies, quinolones, tetracyclines. |
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Term
|
Definition
| g- bacilli, reservoir fresh water, increased risk in patients with iimpaired cel mediated immunity |
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Term
| legionella pnuemonia- lab findings |
|
Definition
| sputum with neturophils but no organisms. |
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Term
|
Definition
| indirect flourect antibody and direct flourescent antibody. |
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Term
|
Definition
| half population is already seropostitive. infection only leads ot partial immunity. Coinfections |
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|
Term
| chlamydiae pnuemonaie preseenatations |
|
Definition
| symtpos gradual. headaceh prominent with clhalymydia |
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Term
|
Definition
| reactive arhtiritis. Erythema nodosum(painful rash over ankels). Coronary artery disease |
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