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| Fractured pieces of the earth's crust that float on convection currents in the earth's mantle. |
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| Caused by rising warm magma and falling cool magma in the asthenosphere; circular currents that drive plate tectonics. |
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| Alfred Wegener's theory of how pieces of the crust move on convection currents in the earth's interior. |
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| A fracture, or crack, in the earth's surface, caused my different movements of the earth's crust. |
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| When a dense oceanic plate pushes its way under a less-dense continental plate; causes volcanoes and earthquakes at its boundary. |
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| Low, flat area caused by spreading plates thinning the earth's crust. |
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| Giant, global undersea mountain range caused by new rock forming at spreading oceanic plates. |
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| When two tectonic plates collide; this is the most dangerous type of plate boundary. |
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| Where two plates are spreading apart and magma pushes up to form mountain ranges. |
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| Where two tectonic plates are moving sideways across each other; San Andreas Fault is a famous example. |
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| When a fault moves, causing waves to move through the earth's crust. |
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| smaller earthquake that follows a major one |
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| the semi-liquid upper mantle on which tectonic plates move |
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| when snow or rocks are shaken loose and tumble down mountain slopes, causing damage |
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| another term for lithosphere; the hard, outer layer of the geosphere |
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| point on the earth's surface directly over where an earthquake starts |
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| point along a fault underground where an earthquake begins |
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| synonym for crust; the hard, outermost layer of the geosphere |
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| layer of the earth that's solid and made of iron and nickel |
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| rolling surface seismic waves that cause damage during an earthquake |
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| thickest layer of the earth |
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| when wet soil liquifies and rolls down mountain slopes |
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| molten layer of the earth, made of iron and nickel |
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| fast-moving waves that are the first to reach a seismograph |
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| System used to measure the intensity of an earthquake |
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| second seismic wave that comes after an earthquake begins; has a wave-like shearing motion |
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| Loose soil acts like a fluid when vibrated by an earthquake and can flow |
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| Using distance data from three seismograph stations to locate the epicenter of an earthquake |
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| a huge wave caused by a marine earthquake |
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