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Definition
| Assignemnt of something to a time when it was not in existence |
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| A philosophy of love and a code of lovemaking that flourished in chivalric times, first in france and later elsewhere: falling in love is accompanied by great emotional disturbances--symptoms--he and his lady pledge each other to secrecy and they must remain faithful in spite of all obstacles |
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| the greek goddess of retributive justice or vengeance; applied to the divine retribution, when an evil act brings about its own punishment; applied to both agent and act of merited punishment. |
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| the character directly opposed to the protagonist: a rival, enemy, or opponent. |
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| A protagonist of a modern play or novel who has the converse of most of the traditional attributes of hero: graceless, inept, sometimes stupid, sometimes dishonest |
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| a character who takes little part in the action but is close to the protagonist nand receives confidences and intimate thoughts of the protagonist: Horatio |
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| A poem that reveals "a soul in action" through the speech of one character in a dramatic situation. |
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| any person who through contrast underscores the distinctive characteristics of another |
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| the error, frailty, mistaken judgement, or misstep through which the fortunes of the hero of a tragedy are reversed. |
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| a libidinal feeling that develops in a child, especially a male child, for the parent of the opposite sex; generally accompanied by hostility to the parent of the child's own sex |
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| the chief character in a work |
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| an evil character, potentially or actually guilty of serious crimes, he or she acts in opposition to the hero |
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| the effect resulting from the unsuccessful effort to achieve dignity or sublimity of style; an unintentional anticlimax, dropping from the sublime to the ridiculous. "Advance the fringed curtains of thy eyes, and tell me who comes yonder." |
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Definition
| instructiveness in a work, especially to give guidance, particularly moral, ethical, or religious |
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| the character of the speaker or writer as reflected in speech or writing; the quality or set of emotions that a speaker or writer enacts in order to affect an audience |
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| literally a manifestation or showing-forth, usually of some divine being. |
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| nine goddesses represented as presiding over the various departments of art and science--inspiring and helping poets |
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| the quality in art and literature that stimulates pity, tenderness, or sorrow |
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Definition
| A form of extended metaphor in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative are equated with meanings that lie outside the narrative itself. Examples: parable, fable, exemplum, Beast Epic |
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Definition
| a figure of speech that makes brief reference to a historical or literary figure, event, or object. Biblical allusions are frequent in English literature |
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Definition
| a comparison of two things, alike in certain aspects; particularly a method used in exposition and description by which something unfamiliar is explaiend or described by comparing it to something more familiar. |
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| The ascription of human characteristics to nonhuman objects. |
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| A figure of speech characterized by strongly contrasting words, clauses, sentences, or ideas, as in "Man proposes, God disposes." |
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Definition
| A figure of speech in which someone (usually but not always absent) some abstract quality, or nonexistent personage is directly addressed as though present. "An address to God, as in Emily Dickenson's "Papa Above! Regard a Mouse." |
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Definition
| ranting, insincere, extravagant language, outlandish grandiloquence. (originally any sort of ornamental but unnecessary padding) |
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| a form of comedy characterized by ridiculous exaggeration and distortion: the sublime may be made obsurd; honest emotions may be turned to sentimentality … |
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| 2) the sound pattern that precedes a marked pause or the end of a sentence, making it interrogatory, hortatory, pleading, or such. 2) the rhythm established in the sequence of stressed and unstressed syllales in a phrasal unit. 3) rhythmical movement of writing when it is read aloud, the modulation produced by the rise and fall of the voice |
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Definition
| the emotional implications and associations that words may carry, as distinguished from their denotive meanings. |
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| A statement that is deliberately ambiguous one of whose possible meanings is risque or suggestive |
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Definition
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| strictly, an adjective used to point out a characteristic of a person or thing, but sometimes applied to a noun or noun phrase used for a similar purpose "the trumpet of the dawn" |
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| Pleasing sounds, opposite of cacophony |
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Definition
| the various uses of language that depart from customary construction, order, or significance |
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Definition
| a collection of images in a literary work; synonymous with trope, or figure of speech. |
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Definition
| an inappropriateness of speech resulting from the use of one word for another, which resembles it |
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Definition
| the substituion of the name of an object closely associated with a word for a the word itself. Monarch as "the crown" |
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Definition
| a self contradictory combination of words or smaller verbal units, usually noun-noun, adjective-adjective, adjective-noun, adverb-adverb, or adverb-verb. Bitter sweet, jumbo shrimp, pianoforte |
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| an arrangement of details such that the lesser appears at the point when something greater ie expected: custimarily used to describe an effect resulting from a decrease in importance in the terms of a series |
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| A secondary plot that contrasts with the principal plot of the work |
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| the point at which the opposing forces that create the conflict interlock in the decisive action on which a plot will turn. Crisis is applied to the episode or incident wherein the situation of the protagonist is certain either to improve or worsen |
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Definition
| the final unraveling of a plot, the solution of the mystery, an explanation of outcome. |
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| An incident presented as one continuous action |
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| A moralized tale,often highly artificial and to a modern reader incredible |
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Definition
| one of the four chief types of composition, the others being argumentation, description, and narration--to explain something |
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Definition
| a kind of drama that played an important part in the secularization of the drama and in the evolution of realistic comedy. The word may mean a play brief enough to be presented in the interval of a dramatic performance, entertainment, or feast, or it may mean a dialogue between to persons |
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Definition
| Applied to an image, a descriptive detail, a plot pattern, or a character type that occurs frequently in literature, myth, religion, or folklore and is therefore believed to evoke profound emotions because it touches the unconscious memory and thus calls tinto play illogical but strong responses. |
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Definition
| An image or metaphor that runs throughout and determines the form or nature of a literary work. |
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Definition
| a recurrent repetition of some word, phrase, situation, or idea, such as tends to unify a work through its power to recall earlier occurences. |
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Definition
| a simple element that serves as a basis for expanded narrative; or less strictly, a conventional situation, device, interest, or incident. |
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Term
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Definition
| a general environment in which a work is produced |
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Definition
| the emotional-intellectual attitude of the author toward the subject |
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Definition
| A concise statement of a principle or precent given in pointed words. The opening sentence of Hippocrates's Aphorisms is famous "Life is short, art is long, opportunity fleeting, experimenting dangerous, reasoning difficult." Usually implies specific authoriship and compact, telling expression. |
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Definition
| A form of verse to be sung or recited and characterized by its presentation of a dramatic or exciting episode in simple narrative form. |
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Definition
| A medieval literary form consisting of a series of linked stories grouped around animal characters and often presenting satirical comment on the church or court by means of human qualaties attributed to beast characters |
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Definition
| Literature, more especially that body of writing, comprising drama, poetry, fiction, criticism, and essays, that lives because of inherent imaginitive and artistic rather than scientific, philosophical, or intellectual qualities |
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Definition
| a novel that deals with the development of a young person, usually from adolescence to maturity |
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Definition
| a work issued in installments that end at a point of great suspense, as when a character is hanging onto an edge of a cliff |
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Definition
| tragedy dealing with the domestic life of commonplace people. |
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Definition
| a long narrative poem in elevated style presenting charactesr of high position in adventures forming an organic whole trhough their relation to a central heroic figure and through their development of episodes important to the history of a nation or race. |
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Definition
| A pithy saying, often antitheetical |
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Definition
| A dignified, formal speech or writing, praising a person or thing |
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Definition
| A story relating mysterious pranks and adventures of spirits who manifest themselves in the form of diminutive human beings |
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Definition
| usually designages a conscious breaking free from reality |
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Definition
| a short narrative handed down through oral tradition, with various tellers and groups modifying it, so that it acquires cumulative authorship |
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Term
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Definition
| one or another of the poetic genres that are short and possess marked descriptive, narrative, and pastoral qualities |
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Term
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Definition
| a concise statement, usually drawn from experience and inculcating some practical advice, an adage. |
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Definition
| a literary form that burlesques the epic by treating a trivial subject in the grand style or uses the epic formulas to make a trivial subject ridiculous by ludicrously overstating it |
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Definition
| a term used to describe the effect produced when an emotion or an experience, whether autobiographical or not, is so objectified that it can be understood as being independent of the immediate experience of its maker. "psychic distance," objective correlative, objectivity, verfremdungseffekt (alienation effect) |
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Definition
| The judging of a work of art in terms of its results, especially its emotional effect: the "confusion between what it is and what it does: Aristotles Catharsis and Longinus' "transport." |
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Term
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Definition
| the addition of explanatory notes to a text by the author or an editor to explain, translate, cite sources, give bibliographical data, comment, gloss, or paraphrase. |
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Term
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Definition
| to expurgate a piece of writing by omitting material considered offensive or indecorous especially to female modesty. |
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Term
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Definition
| a method involving the painstaking analysis of the meanings, relationships, and ambiguities of the words, images, and other small unites that make up a a literary work |
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Term
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Definition
| the judging of the meaning of success or a work of art by the author's expressed or ostensible intention in producing it. |
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Term
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Definition
| patterns of objects, actions, or events, or a situation that can serve effectively to awaken in the reader an emotional response without being a direct staemtn of that subjective emtion. |
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Term
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Definition
| As a critical term, a body of doctrine thought to be derived from or to reflect the qualities of ancient Greek and roman culture |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of attitudes that emphasizes existence rather than essence and sees the inadequacy of human reason to explain the enigma of the universe as the basic philophical question |
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Term
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Definition
| a literary movemet in the late 19th century and early 20th; the application of principles of scientific determinism to literature. |
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Definition
| dominated English literature in the restoration age and in the 18th century; models in classical literature; against the renaissance idea of limitless human potentiality was opposed a view of human kind as limited, dualistic, imperfect |
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Term
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Definition
| A verse with six iambic feet (iambic hexameter) - Spenserian Stanza = eight lines of pentameter, one hexameter |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the three stanzaic forms of the Greek choral ode, the others being strophe and epode. It is identical in meter to strophe, which preceeds it |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the most popular of the French verse forms: 1) the refrain recurring regularly at the end of each stanza and of the envoy 2) the envoy, a peroration of climactic importance and likely to be addressed to a patron; and 3) the use of only three (or at the most four) rhymes in the entire poem, occurring at the same position in each stanza and with no rhyme-word repeated except in the refrain. the commonest is eight lines rhyming ababbcbc with bcbc for the envoy |
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Term
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Definition
| The stanza of the popular or folk ballad, usually consists of four lines, rhyming abcb, with the first and third lines carrying four accented syllables and the second and fourth carrying three. |
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Term
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Definition
| unrhymed but otherwise regular verse, usually iambic pentameter |
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Definition
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Definition
| a wailing song sung at a funeral or in commemoration of a death |
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Term
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Definition
| rude verse; any poorly executed attempt at poetry |
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Term
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Definition
| A sustained and formal poem setting forth meditations on death or another solemn theme. |
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Term
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Definition
| an inscription used to mark burial places |
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Definition
| A poem written to celebrate a wedding |
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Term
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Definition
| four lines of iambic pentameter, rhyming abab |
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Term
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Definition
| five anapestic lines of which the first, second, anf fith consistying of three feet, rhyme, and the third and fourth consisting of two feet, rhyme. |
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Term
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Definition
| a ballad composed by an author as opposed to a folk ballad |
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Term
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Definition
| a brief subjective poem strongly marked by imagination, melody, and emotion, creating a cingle, unified impression. |
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Term
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Definition
| a stanza consisting of eight iambic pentameter lines rhyming abababcc |
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Term
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Definition
| Seven-line iambic pentameter stanza rhyming ababbcc, someimtes with an alexandrine seventh line |
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Term
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Definition
| sis six-line stanzas and a three-line envoy |
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Term
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Definition
| 14 lines of iambic pentameter |
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Term
| Petrarchan/Italian sonnet |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| nine iambic lines, the first eight in pentameter and the ninth in hexameber - ababbcbcc |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a triplet in which each line ends with the same rhyme |
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Term
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Definition
| three line stanza with rhyme schee aba bcb cdc ded and so forth |
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Term
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Definition
| a sequence of three rhyming lines sometimes introduced as a variation in the heroic couplet |
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Term
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Definition
| a fixed ninteen-line form, employing only two rhymes and repeating two of the lines according to a set pattern. Line 1 is repeated as lines 6, 12, and 18; line 3 as lines 9, 15, and 19. The first and third lines return as a rhymed couplet at the end. Rhyme scheme aba aba aba aba aba abaa |
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Term
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Definition
| the art or practice of writing verse. |
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Term
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Definition
| the repetition of initial identical consonant sounds or any vowel sounds in successive or closely associate syllables, especially stressed syllables, "The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, The Furrow followed free (Colridge)" |
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Term
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Definition
| Same or similar vowel sounds in stressed syllables that end with different consonant sounds: "lake/fake," "dyke/knight" |
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Term
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Definition
| a pause or break in a line of verse |
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Term
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Definition
| a section or division of a long poem |
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Term
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Definition
| five0line stanza ( two, four, six, eight, two, syllables) (originally applied to a medieval five-line stanza of varying meter and rhyme scheme |
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Term
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Definition
| two successive lines rhyming aa and containing a grammatically complete, independent statement. "A dog starved at his master's gate predicts the ruin of the state." |
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Term
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Definition
| originally implied something conceived in the mind; now implies ingenuity regarding fanciful notions, usually expressed through elaborate analogy and pointing to a striking parallel between ostensibly dissimilar things. |
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Term
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Definition
| the relation between words in which the final consonants in the stressed syllables agree but the vowels that proceed them differ: "add/read" |
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Term
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Definition
| Lines of poetry that grammatically end at the end of the line |
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Term
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Definition
| paired lines of iambic pentameter |
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Term
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Definition
| The second, six-line division of an italian sonnet. |
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Term
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Definition
| a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, the first ans last unaccented, the second accented. "Arrangement" |
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Term
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Definition
| a metrical foot consisting of three syllables, with two unaccented syllables followed by an accented one: "Like a child from the womb, like a ghost from the tomb, I arise and unbuild it again." |
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Term
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Definition
| A stanza of four lines, the firsta nd third being iambic tetrameter (eight syllables) and the second and fourth iambic trimeter (six syllables) rhymed abab or abcb |
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Term
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Definition
| a foot consisting of one accented syllable followed by two unaccented, as in "mannikin" |
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Term
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Definition
| An extrametrical unstressed syllable added to the end of a line in iambic or anapestic rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
| a foot consisting of an accented and an unaccented syllable, as in the word happy. |
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Term
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Definition
| A line of verse conisting mostly of anapest feet |
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Term
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Definition
| a line of verse consisting mostly of dactyl feet |
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Term
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Definition
| a line of verse that ends on a stressed syllable, as does any regular iambic line. |
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Term
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Definition
| the recurrence in poetry of a rhyming pattern, or the rhythm established by the regular occurrence of similar units of sound |
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Term
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Definition
| a line of verse consisting of one foot |
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Term
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Definition
| a line of verse consisting of two feet |
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Term
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Definition
| a line consisting of seven feet |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a foot comprosed of two accented syllables. Usually happens with two monosyllabic words and compound words of Germanic origin (in English) |
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Term
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Definition
| rhythm based on the number of stressed syllables in a line without regard to the number of unstressed syllables |
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Term
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Definition
| Feminine rhyme; that is, rhyme in which the similar stressed syllables are followeed by identical unstressed syllables. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rhyme at the ends of lines in a poem |
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Term
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Definition
| a rhyme in which the rhyming stressed syllables are followed by an undifferentiated identical unstressed syllable, as waken and forsaken |
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Term
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Definition
| near rhyme, usually the substitution of assonance or consonance for true rhyme |
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Term
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Definition
| nondramatic literary works marked by a happy ending and a less exalted style than that in tragedy. |
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Term
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Definition
| a dramatic piece intended to incite laughter and depending less on plot and character than on imporbable situations, the humor arising from gross incongruities, courase wit, or horseplay |
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Term
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Definition
| a work, usually a play, based on a romantic plot and developed sensationally, with little regard for motivation and with an excessive appeal to the emotions of the audience |
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Term
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Definition
| a kind of poetic drama, a dramatized ellegory in which abstractions (such as Mrcy, Conscience, Perseverance, and Shame) appear in personified form and struggle for a human soul |
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Term
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Definition
| a medieval play based on biblical history; a scriptural play |
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Term
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Definition
| low comedy involving physical action, practical jokes, and such actions as pie-throwing and pratfalls |
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Term
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Definition
| a kind of drama that persents a view of the absurdity of the human condition by the abandoning of usual or rational devices and by the use of nonrealistic form. |
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Term
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Definition
| a major division of a drama |
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Term
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Definition
| the conclusion of a play, particularly of a tragedy; the last of the four parts into which the ancients divided a play |
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Term
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Definition
| in the Poetics, Aristotle sees tragedy's objective as being "through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotoins." |
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Term
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Definition
| a humorous scene, incident, or speech in the course of a serious fiction or drama, introduced it is sometimes thought, to provide relief from emotional intensity, and by contrast, to heighten the seriousness o the story. |
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Term
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Definition
| that part of a plot in which the entanglement caused by the conflict of opposing forces is developed |
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Term
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Definition
| The second half or resolution of a dramatic plot |
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Term
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Definition
| the stage setting of a play, including scenery, properties, and the general arrangement of the piece |
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