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| A narrative in which literal meaning corresponds clearly and directly to symbolic meaning |
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| An implicit reference within a literary work to a historical or literary person, place, or event |
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| The quality of appearing to be out of place within the story's natural time period |
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| The brief narration of a single event or incident |
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| The primary character or entity that acts to frustrate the goals of the protagonist |
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| A protagonist who is not admirable, or who challenges one's notions of what should be considered admirable |
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| the rhetorical contrast of ideas by means of parallel arrangement or words, clauses, or sentences |
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| An exclamatory rhetorical figure of speech, when a character makes a direct address to an imaginary person or abstract quality or idea |
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| A theme, motif, symbol, or stock character that holds a familiar and fixed place in a culture's consciousness |
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| A literary device in which a character makes a statement to another character, without our any other characters aware of what is said |
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| Alternating tetrameter and trimester, usually iambic and rhyming |
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| A novel about a child or adolescents development into maturity, with special focus on the protagonist's quest for identity |
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| Unrhymed iambic pentameter |
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| An especially pronounced pause between feet |
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| The arrangement of ideas, characters, actions, settings, phrases, or words in temporal order |
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| The moment of highest tension, at which the conflict comes to a head |
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| A lighthearted play characterized by humor and a happy ending |
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| An elaborate parallel between two seemingly dissimilar objects or ideas |
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| A word's emotional content |
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| A formal, or dictionary, definition |
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| The latter part of a narrative, during which the various plot elements introduced protagonist in the rising action are resolved, and the protagonist responds to the events of the climax |
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| A sudden or improbable plot twist that brings about the plot's resolution |
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| The usage of language that is characteristic of the language from a particular geographic area |
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| A technique by which a character is divided into two distinct personalities |
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| A technique in which the author informs the audience or reader of a character's situation whilst the character himself remains in the dark |
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| In literature, the occurrence of a single speaker addressing a silent audience |
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| The antithesis of a utopia; that is, an imaginary place or state of corruption and degradation |
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| A formal poem that laments the death of a friend or public figure, or, occasionally, a meditation on death itself |
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| When a sentence of clause runs onto the next line without a break, creating a sense of excitement or suspense and gives added emphases to the word at the end of the line |
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| A lengthy narrative that describes the deeds of a heroic figure, often of national of cultural importance, in elevated language |
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| A brief quotation which appears at the beginning or a literary work |
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| A brief quotation which appears at the beginning of a literary work |
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| A novel told as a series of letters written by one of more characters |
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| A commemorative statement honoring a deceased person |
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| The use of decorous language to express vulgar or unpleasant ideas, events or actions |
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| A philosophy that emphasizes the uniqueness and isolation of the individual experience in a hostile or indifferent universe |
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| A protracted comparison of characteristics for the purpose of illumination that is developed at great length |
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| A character who illuminates the qualities of another character by means of contrast |
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| The basic rhythmic unit into which a line of verse can be divided |
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| The presentation of material in a work in such a way that later events are hinted at or foretold |
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| Verse that does not conform to any meter of rhyme scheme |
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| Designates types of categories into which literary works are grouped according to specific criteria, such as form, technique, or subject matter |
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| Verse form consisting of iambic pentameter lines with rhymed couplets |
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| A protagonists overweening pride, often resulting in fatal retribution |
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| An excessive overstatement or conscious exaggeration of fact |
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| Language that brings to mind sense- impressions, especially via figures or speech |
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| The technique of starting a narrative in the middle of the action |
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| Self-observation and contemplation of one's thoughts or feelings |
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| The act of arranging two or more ideas, characters, actions, settings, phrases, or words side-by-side or in close proximity for the purpose of comparison |
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| The comparison of one thing to another, without the use of "like" or "as" |
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| An intricate type of 17th century poetry that expresses the complexity and contradictions of life in an intellectual and rational manner |
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| A regular pattern of unstressed and stressed syllables in a line or lines or poetry |
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| The substitution of one term for another that generally is associated with it |
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| A 20th century movement involving the disillusionment and break from tradition and, consequently, the search for radical steps to deliberately differentiate new generations from their predecessors |
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| The atmosphere or feeling created by a literary work by means of description and style |
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| An individual belonging to an uncivilized group, and is accordingly considered to be more worthy than the people who live within civilization |
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| A serious lyric poem, often of significant length, that usually conforms to an elaborate metrical structure |
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| The use of words that sounds like the thing to which they refer |
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| The association of two contrary terns |
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| A seemingly contradictory situation or statement |
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| The use of similar grammatical structures or word order in two sentences or phrases to suggest a comparison or contrast between them |
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| A humorous and often satirical imitation of the style or particular work or another author |
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| The attribution of human feeling or motivation to a nonhuman object, especially an object found in nature |
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| Petrarchan/Italian Sonnet |
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| Developed by Petrarch, divided into an octave with the rhyme scheme ABBAABBA or ABBACDDC and a sestet with the rhyme scheme CDCDCD or CDECDE |
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| Novel with a loosely structured, episodic plot that resolves around the adventures of a central character |
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| The repetition of conjunctions |
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| A work of didactic literature that aims to influence the reader on a specific social or political issue |
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| The main character, around whom the story evolves |
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| A play on words that exploits the similarity in sound between two words with distinctly different meanings |
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| A four-line stanza, and the most common form of English verse |
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| A loose term that can refer to any work that aims at honest portrayal, rather than over sensationalism, exaggeration, or melodrama. Technically, realism refers to a late-19th-century literary movement that aimed at accurate detailed portrayed of ordinary, contemporary life |
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| The act or faculty of reflecting on the past |
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| Using language effectively to influence or persuade |
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| In poetry, a pattern of repeated sounds |
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| The pattern of sound in a line, created by the varying length and emphasis given to different syllables |
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| A literary and artistic movement that reacted against the restraint and universalism of the Enlightenment. The Romantics celebrated spontaneity, imagination, subjectivity, and the purity of nature |
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| A work that exposes to ridicule the shortcomings of individuals, institutions, or society, often to make a political point |
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| The process of analyzing the number and type of feet in a line |
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| Six, six-line stanzas followed by a three-line stanza. The same words are repeated at the end of lines throughout the poem in a predetermined pattern. The last word in the last line of one stanza becomes the last work of the first line in the next. |
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| Shakespearean/English Sonnet |
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| Poetic form which contains three quatrains and a final couplet. The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. |
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| A comparison of two things through the use of "like" or "as" |
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| An outcome that turns out to be very different than what is expected, the difference between what is expected to happen and what actually does |
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| A speech, often in verse, by a lone character, usually in a drama |
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| A literary technique which seeks to portray a character's point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character's thought process. |
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| A form of deductive reasoning, by which a conclusion is argued using a major and minor premise, followed by a conclusion.For example,"every virtue is laudable; kindness is a virtue; therefore kindness is laudable" |
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| An object, character of figure, used to represent an abstract idea or concept |
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| A form of metonymy in which a part of an entity is used to refer to the whole |
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| The grammatical arrangement of words in sentences |
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| The general atmosphere created in a story, or the narrator's attitude toward the story or reader |
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| A serious play that ends unhappily for the protagonist |
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| A statement which lessens or minimizes the importance of what is meant |
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| An imaginary place or state of ideal perfection |
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| The use of a statement that, by its context, implies its opposite |
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| The appearance of truth or reality |
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| A nineteen-line poem made up of five tercets and a final quatrain in which all nineteen lines carry one of only two rhymes. There are two refrains, alternating between the ends of each tercet and then forming the last two lines of the quatrain |
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