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| A diverse group of biological molecules of varying composition that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. |
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| Long carbohydrate chains of various lengths that end with a carboxyic acid group (-COOH). |
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| Long chain monocarboxylic acids with the general formula CH3(CH2)nCOOH. They contain only carbon to carbon single bonds and carbon hydrogen bonds. |
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| Long chain monocarboxylic acids that contain one or more carbon to carbon double or triple bonds. This structure will not be 100% saturated with hydrigen atoms (hencs unsaturated). |
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| Combination of a lipid and a phosphate group; a major form of lipid in cells. |
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| Phospholipids derived from a glycerol. |
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| A naturally occuring family of lipids of importance to medicine. Every natural steroid contains the same 17 carbon skeleton that spans four fused rings. Also present are two methyl groups (-CH3) |
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| A common fat like steroid based alcohol found in animal fats. |
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| An organic compound consisting of three moleculed of fatty acids esterfied to glycerol. Also called tricyglycerols. |
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| A liquid alcohol often found in the diet as a component of fat or triglycerides. The glycerol serves as the structural backbone onto which fatty acid molecules are attached to make triglycerides. |
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| Combination of a lipid(s) and a protein(s); major transportation form of lipids in the bloodstream. |
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| The protein component found in plasma lipoproteins. |
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| Fat stored within the body; stored within cells called adipocytes. |
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| An enzyme that hydrolizes the ester linkage between glycerol and the fatty acids or triglycerides. |
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| Combination of a lipid and a carbohydrate group; present on select cell surface membranes like brain and nervous tissue. |
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| The sum of all biochemical reactions that occur within a cell. |
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| high molecular weight lipids that contain a nucleus of 17 carbons over 4 fused rings of carbon atoms. |
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Critical component of membranes; important to maintain fluidity
Cerve as hormones
Integral component of bile acids |
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| Most important steroid in animals. Major component of the cell membrane and provides membrane fluidity. |
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| Steroid hormone secreted from the adrenal gland when the human when the human body is under stress. It helps the body deal with the stress by raising blood glucose levels by increasing lipolysis and depressing the immune system. |
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| resemble testosterone in structure, they artificially stimulate the body to increase the amound of muscle mass, stimulate the healing of damaged muscle, and often increase competitive aggressiveness |
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| very large lipoprotein formed after ingestion of dietary fat and contain mostly triglycerides; largest and the least dense of the lipoprotein particles. |
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| Very Low-Densidy Lipoproteins (VLDL) |
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Definition
| transports Triglycerides in the liver to extrahepatic tissues such as adipose and muscle. |
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| Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL) |
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Definition
Transport cholesterol to cholesterol esters to the peripheral tissues and regulate de novo (new) synthesis of cholesterol at these sites.
"Bad Cholesterol" |
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| High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL) |
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Definition
Transports cholesterol from the peripheral tissues back to the liver for excretion in the bile.
"Good cholesterol" |
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| Examples of ketone bodies |
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Definition
| Acetoacetate, acetone, B-hydroxybutyrate |
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