Term
| Daylighting design for climates with lots of clear sky conditions should typically: |
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Definition
| exclude contributions from direct sin to decrease glare and overheating |
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Term
| a heliostat is used in daylighting essentially to |
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Definition
| deliver a concentrated source of daylight |
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Term
| the key to energy savings with daylighting is |
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Definition
| to provide responsive and operable controls for the electric lighting system |
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Term
| assuming a given sky type, daylight factor (DF) |
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Definition
| at a certain point is generally constant throughout the day |
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Term
| the daylight within a building consists of the following componants |
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Definition
| sky component, externally reflected component, internally reflected component |
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Term
| Daylight factor (DF) is expressed |
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Definition
| as a percentage or decimal value |
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Term
| an office building has multiple floors, each with an area of 900 sqft. the following building form is ideal from a daylighting standpoint |
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Definition
| an elongated, narrow plan that maximizes north and south exposure |
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Term
| splaying the walls of a sidelight aperture will: |
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Definition
| reduce the potential for glare |
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Term
| efficacy of a light source is best defined as: |
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Definition
| the ratio of lumens provided to energy used |
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Term
| physical models are used in daylighting design: |
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Definition
| often, they are useful and easy to understand tool |
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Term
| "white" light is composed of: |
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Definition
| a gernerally even mix of light from the visible spectrum |
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Term
| the apparent brightness of an object is dependent upon which of the following? |
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Definition
| The adaptation level of the eye and object luminance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| glare is categorized according to which of the following groupings: |
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Definition
| direct glare and reflected glare |
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Term
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Definition
| a small portion of a continuous range (or spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation |
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Term
| an illuminance meter will provide readouts in which of the following units: |
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Definition
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Term
| the primary nonpersonal factors influencing visual activity include |
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Definition
| object size, contrast, luminance, time permitted for viewing |
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Term
| glare is categorized according to which of the following groupings: |
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Definition
| direct glare and reflected glare |
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Term
all of the following terms are used to define coloration EXCEPT:
hue
brilliance
opacity
saturation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of photometric power or quantity of light |
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Term
| the inverse square law is |
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Definition
| LUX=cd intensity/distance^2 (The illuminace is inversely proportioned to the square of the distance from the source) |
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Term
| at normal operating temperature, an expected ballast life is: |
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Definition
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Term
| there are 3 basic types of _______: magnetic, hybrid, and electronic |
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Definition
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Term
| Organizations involved with ballast standards and testing include: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a light emitting diode? (LED): |
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Definition
| uses a phosphor coating on the lamp interior to produce light |
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Term
| efficacy of a light source is best defined as: |
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Definition
| the ratio of lumens provided to energy used |
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Term
| electric lighting in US nonresidential buildings consumes: |
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Definition
| 25%-60% of electric energy utilized |
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Term
| which of the following factors does not need to be considered when determining illuminance requirements for a specific task? |
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Definition
| the color rendering index of the light source |
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Term
| a luminaire that directs 0-10% of its light output toward the ceiling is best classified as |
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Definition
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Term
| it is estimated that electric lighting consumes ___ of the total electric power generated in the US |
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Definition
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Term
| indirect lighting can accomplish all of the following EXCEPT |
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Definition
| provide adequate illumination for all difficult seeing tasks |
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Term
| the approximate reflectance values for white paint is: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Direct glare is caused by light output |
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Definition
| at high angles (i.e. above 45 degrees from the vertical) |
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Term
| the two fundamental functions of a lighting control system are |
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Definition
| to switch or to dim lamps |
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Term
| lighting fixtures typically constitute the following percentage of the overall building budget: |
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Definition
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Term
| the two most commonly used occupancy sensors for lighting systems are: |
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Definition
| passive infrared and ultrasonic |
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Term
| coefficient of utilization (CU) expresses: |
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Definition
| the ratio of lumens received on a work plane to lumens emitted by lamps in a fixture |
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Term
| the three cavities employed by the lumen (or zonal cavity) method are: |
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Definition
| ceiling, room, and floor cavity |
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Term
| Luminaire efficacy rating (LER) expresses: |
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Definition
| the ratio of lumens having a fixture to watts of energy input |
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Term
| all of the following are primary lighting design considerations, EXCEPT |
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Definition
| the ratio of direct to indirect light |
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Term
| lighting power density is expressed using which of the following units: |
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Definition
| watts per square foot (or square meter) |
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Term
| LED's are growing in popularity as a result of their |
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Definition
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Term
| the relationship between brightness and luminance can best be describes in the following way: |
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Definition
| both are terms used to describe light coming off an object; however, brightness is subjective and luminance is measurable |
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Term
| the SI unit of luminous intensity is the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| illuminance is best defined as |
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Definition
| the density of luminance energy, expressed as lumens per unit area |
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Term
| energy-efficient lamps are typically rated at lower___ than regular lamps |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following resents a list of electric lamps properly ordered from lowest to highest luminous efficacy |
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Definition
| incandescent, murcury vapor, fluorescent, low-pressure sodium or incandescent, metal halide, fluorescent, low-pressure sodium |
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Term
| efficacy of a light source is best defined as |
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Definition
| the ratio of lumens provided to energy used |
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Term
| the quartz-iodine lamp is an example of: |
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Definition
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Term
| a ballast is required for correct operation of: |
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Definition
| electric (gaseous) discharge lamps |
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Term
| the basic principle of operation of an incandescent lamp is best described as |
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Definition
| electric current heats a filament causing it to emit light |
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Term
| the color rendering index (CRI) of a fluorescent lamp depends upon the: |
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Definition
| phosphor coating applied to the interior of the lamp |
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Term
| an electronic ballast uses solid state components to transform the frequency of the power from 60 Hz to |
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Definition
|
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Term
| at normal operating temperature, an expected ballast life is |
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Definition
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Term
| the MR-16 lamp is approximately: |
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Definition
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