Term
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Definition
| mobile cells that leave the circulation via margination, pavementing and diapedesis |
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Term
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Definition
| WBC's stick to endothelial cell surface, squeeze between endothelial cells fo capillaries and venules via _______ |
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Term
| extravasation (jump through vessel walls) |
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Definition
| another name for diapedesis |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for pavementing |
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Term
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Definition
| attracts WBC's to inflammatory sites |
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Term
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Definition
| function as active part of immune system in tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| any cell product that influences another cell |
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Term
| granulocyte, agranulocyte |
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Definition
| initial classification of white blood cells divides them into these two categories |
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Term
| primary granule aka azurophillic (stain blue purple) |
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Definition
| all WBC's have this kind of granule |
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Term
| lysozymes such as acid hydrolases |
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Definition
| primary granules contain what |
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Term
| specific granules aka secondary granules |
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Definition
| granules that only granulocytes possess |
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Term
| lysozyme and alkaline phosphatases (variable staining) |
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Definition
| what secondary granules contain |
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Term
| neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils |
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Definition
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Term
| all have single multi-lobed nucleus and prominent cytoplasmic granules |
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Definition
| characteristics of all granulocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| most common WBC's (type) and how common (percent) |
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Term
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Definition
| size of a neutrophil compared to a RBC |
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Term
| polymorphonuclear cells (PMN's) |
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Definition
| name for cells with multilobed nucleus (3-5 lobes) |
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Term
| short lived, several hours or days |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Neutrophils primarily use anaerobic glycolysis, but have a few ____. They are designed to function in a poorly oxygenated environment (damaged areas with dead cells) |
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Term
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Definition
| contain inflammatory mediators and complement activators, proteases, defensins, lactoferrin and lysozyme (antibacterial compounds) --released during and inflammatory reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| WBC's associated with ACUTE inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| length of acute inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| length of subacute inflamation |
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Term
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Definition
| length of chronic inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| WBC's first to site of tissue damage |
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Term
| rubor, tumor, calore, and dolore (redness, swelling, heat, pain |
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Definition
| cardinal signs of inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| neutrophils are attracted to bacteria and damaged tissue by |
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Term
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Definition
| funtion in primary phagocytosis, leasing to formation of phagolysosomes to digest bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| enhances phagocytosis by coating bacteria with antibody and complement |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial killing by generating hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acit |
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Term
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Definition
| inactive X chromosome "drumstick chromosome", seen in this WBC to tell you the patient was female from a blood smear |
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Term
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Definition
| least common of WBC's (name and %) |
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Term
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Definition
| become mast cells when they leave the blood stream and enter tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| basophils become what when they leave the blood stream |
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Term
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Definition
| 14-16 um size, bilobed nucleaus, characterized by large, basophillic, specific granules which can obscure the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| hydroltic enzymes (heparin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, histamine, leukotrienes (SRS, ECF) |
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Definition
| whats inside specific granules of basophils (examples) |
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Term
| an anticoagulant found in specific granules of basophils |
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Definition
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Term
| a proteoglycan found in specific granules of basophils |
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Definition
| what is chondroitin sulfate |
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Term
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Definition
| vasoactive amine that increases vasodilation and vasopermeability, found in specific granules of basophils |
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Term
| slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS) |
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Definition
| leukotriene that causes smooth muscle contraction in asthma found in specific granules of basophils |
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Term
| eosinophillic chemotactic factor |
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Definition
| leukotriene that attracts eosinophils, found in specific granules of basophils |
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Term
|
Definition
| release of granule contents into ECS |
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Term
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Definition
| Used in type 1(immediate) hypersensitivity reactions |
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Term
| asthma, hayfever and some allergic dermatitis |
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Definition
| list some type 1 hypersensitivity reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| counteract activity of basophils |
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Term
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Definition
| 1-6% of WBCs. bilobed nucleus. |
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Term
| 8-12 days (circulate 3-6 hrs before entering tissue via diapedesis) |
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Definition
| lifespan of an eosinophil |
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Term
|
Definition
| have surface receptors for IgE |
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Term
| hydrolytic enzymes (histaminase, Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), lysosomal enzymes, major basic protein |
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Definition
| examples of eosinophil specific granules contents |
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Term
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Definition
| neutralizes histamine, found in ____ |
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Term
| major basic protein, eosinophils |
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Definition
| neutralizes heparin and kills parasites, found in _____ |
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Term
| eosinophils (eosinophilic chemotactic factor) |
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Definition
| chemotactically attracted to eosinophils and neutrophils by ECF |
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Term
| eosinophil derrived inhibitor |
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Definition
| eosinophils release ____ which inhibits basophil and mast cell degranulation |
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Term
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Definition
| have antiparasitic function esp against flukes (helminths) and affinity to Ag-Ab complexes |
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Term
| major basic protein of eosinophils |
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Definition
| substance, in addition to subsequent phagocytosis, destroys parasites and Ag-Ab complexes |
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Term
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Definition
| if a dog or cat has round worm it will have a lot of what |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| WBCs that have a single, unlobed nucleus, and lack specific granules, but have azurophilic granules |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| list the WBC's in increasing size? |
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Term
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Definition
| list WBC's in increasing lifespan |
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Term
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Definition
| abundant gray-blue/lavender cytoplasm, large indented (kidney bean shaped) nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| present in blood stream ____ days then enter tissue to become macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| fixed tissue macrophage in the liver |
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Term
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Definition
| fixed tissue macrophage in the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| fixed tissue macrophage in the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| fixed tissue macrophage in the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| fixed tissue macrophage in the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| highly mobile WBC's that contain abundant hydrolytic enzymes, phagocytic |
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Term
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Definition
| WBC active in subacute to chronic infections along with lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| can fuse together to become multinucleated epithelioid giant cells in chronic granulomas (such as TB) |
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Term
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Definition
| function as Ag presenting cells in lymphoid organs -> bring back bits of antigen like a police dog or go-between (pimps introduce johns to hookers) |
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Term
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Definition
| what kind of infections lymphocytes are involved in |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| how many size classes of lymphocytes are there, and do they correlate to cell types? |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by round, densely staining nucleus, surrounded by thin rim of cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| re-circulating, immunocompetent cells, primary cell of immune system (antigen police) |
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Term
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Definition
| percent WBC's that are lymphocytes |
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Term
| t cells 90%, b cells 4-10% |
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Definition
| types of lymphocytes and abundance (%) |
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Term
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Definition
| first recognized in Bursa of Fabricius of birds |
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Term
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Definition
| where B-cells are formed and become immunocompetent |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| function in humorally mediated immune response |
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Term
| plasma cells, amplification/clonal expansion |
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Definition
| B-cells produce ___ after encountering Ag through what process |
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Term
| memory cells/effector cells |
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Definition
| long lived cells that do not replicate, function in anamnestic response of humoral immunity (premise of vaccination) |
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Term
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Definition
| how many Ab's to B cells specify for |
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Term
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Definition
| like macrophages, ___ can function as Ag presenting cells |
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Term
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Definition
| B cells have HLA type _ surface markers and surface immunoglobulins. |
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Term
| HLA (human leukocyte Ag) type 2 |
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Definition
| MHC (major histocompatibility complex) marker on B cells |
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Term
| formed in bone marrow, mature in thymus |
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Definition
| where are T-cells formed and mature? |
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Term
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Definition
| cell mediated immunity, long lived |
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Term
|
Definition
| T-cell receptors on surface (like Antibodies) |
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Term
|
Definition
| recognized by T-cell (another name for recognized part of Ag of foreign proteins) |
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Term
| CD (cluster of differentiation) determination molecules |
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Definition
| molecules present on surface of T-cells that recognize HLA receptors on surface of other cells (self vs non-self). |
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Term
| cytotoxic, supressor, helper, null |
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Definition
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Term
| cytotoxic/killer t-cells (Tc/Tk) |
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Definition
| tend to be large lymphocytes, primary effectors in cell-mediated immunity |
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Term
|
Definition
| recognize cells with foreign surface Ag's or receptors and kill them by punching holes in Plasma Membranes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| detect invaders, sound chemical alarm, recognize antigen usually presented by macrophage or b cell |
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Term
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Definition
| pheremones that stimulate b cells to produce antibodies, or killer t cells to kill |
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Term
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Definition
| supress activity of b cells, and dampen immune response (especially to self molecules) |
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Term
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Definition
| result when antibodies are made to own proteins due to loss of control of Ts cells |
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Term
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Definition
| lymphocytes which posess Fc receptors but lack specific surface markers of b or t cells |
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Term
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Definition
| class of T cell that includes Natural killer cells, and possibly peluripotential stem cells |
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Term
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Definition
| responsible for non-specific cytotoxicity against virus infected and tumor cells |
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Term
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Definition
| can attack "self" cells ex: tumors |
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Term
|
Definition
| function in ADCC (ab dependent, cell mediated cytotoxicity |
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|
Term
Never let monkeys eat bananas
neutrophils, leukocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils |
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Definition
| concentration of WBC from high to low |
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Term
|
Definition
| tells absolute number of WBC's |
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Term
|
Definition
| tells relative percentages of WBC's, costs $2 more |
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Term
|
Definition
| increase WBCs indicates what |
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Term
|
Definition
| type of ___ tells you stage of inflammatory response and type of infection |
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Term
|
Definition
| increased neutrophils (neutrophillia) means what stage of infection and what kind |
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Term
|
Definition
| increased lymphocytes (and monocytes (mononucleosis)) means what stage of infection and what kind |
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Term
|
Definition
| decrease WBC's (lymphopenia) tells what |
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