Term
| What is the mechanism of action of zcyclovir? |
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Definition
| It inhibis viral replication oby suppressing synthesis of viral DNA. It must undergo activation first by thymidine kinase. It then inhibits dna synthesis by inhibiting viral dna polymerases and becoming incorporated into the growing strand of viral dna. |
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Term
| What is the first drug of choice for treatment of herpes simplex and varicella-zosters virus? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is resistance to acyclovir achieved? |
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Definition
| decreased production of thymidine kinase, alteration of thymidine kinase such that it no longer convers acyclovir to acyclo-gmp and alterations of viral dna polymerase such that it is less sensitive to inhibition. |
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Term
| What is the difference between topical and oral acyclovir? |
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Definition
| Topical acyclovir is used for initial infections to reduce the duration of viral shedding. oral acyclovir is for reccurent infections. |
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Term
| What are adverse effects of acyclovar? |
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Definition
| intravenous therapy-phlebitis and inflammation at infusion site. |
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Term
| Why do immunocompromised people nee d to worry about cytomegalovirus? |
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Definition
| Because in normal people it causes minimal systems once and then goes dormant for the rest of their life. In immunocompromised individuals because of reactivation of CMV |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action for Ganciclovir? |
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Definition
| It is converted to tis active form ganciclovir triphosphate, and suppresses dna replication by inhibiting viral dna polymerase and undergoing incorporation into the growing DNA chain. |
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Term
| What are the two uses for ganciclovir? |
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Definition
| treatment of CMV reinitis and immunocompromises patients. Prevention of CMV infection in transplant patients considered at risk. |
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Term
| What are adverse effects of ganciclovir? |
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Definition
| Granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia. |
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Term
| Which forms of hepatitis are chronic? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most effective treatment for hepatitis C? |
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Definition
| pegylated interferon alfa combined with ribavirin. |
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Term
| What are the classes of interferon in humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the chemical difference between conventional versus long acting interferon preparations? |
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Definition
| long term products are boudn to polyehtylene gycol in a process known as pegylation. |
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Term
| What two long term interferons are available? |
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Definition
| pegylated interferone alfa02a and peginterferon alfa-2b |
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Term
| What are the adverse effects of interferon administration? |
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Definition
| flu-like syndrome, also neuropsychiartic effects especially depression. prolonged or high dose therapy can cause fatigue, thyroid dysfunction, heart damage, and bone marrow suppression, manifesting as neurtopenia and thrombocytopenia. |
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Term
| What are the actions and therapeutic use of Ribavirin? (orally) |
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Definition
| with subQ peginterferon alfa is treatment of choice for chrnoic hepatitis c. |
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Term
| What are the adverse effects of ribavirin? |
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Definition
| severe depression, flu like symptoms, hemolytic anemia, birth defects, |
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Term
| What happens to the body in hepatitis B? |
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Definition
| chronic infection can lead to cirrhosis. |
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Term
| What are the two types of influenza vaccine? |
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Definition
| inactivated influenza vaccine and 2 live attenuated influenza vaccine. |
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Term
| What are the adverse effects of a flu shot? (inactivated) [live] |
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Definition
| (uncomon but possible guillain-barre syndrome.) [some anaphylaxis two cases of GBS |
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Term
| What are contradictions for the flu vaccine? |
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Definition
| people with acute febrile illness should defer vaccination, also contraindicated for persons with hypersensitivity to eggs. |
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Term
| What is the therapeutic use of amantadine? |
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Definition
| prophylaxis and treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by type A. Not active against type B. |
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