Term
| plane synovial joint (ocassionaly continuous with the femoral joint cavity |
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Definition
| what kind of joint is the superior part of the tibiofibular joint? |
|
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Term
| syndesmosis->bones are held together with the IOM |
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Definition
| what kind of joint is the inferior part of the tibiofibular joint? |
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Term
| it keeps the distal tibia and fibula together and forms the socket part of the ankle joint (that articulates with the talus) |
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Definition
| what is the IOM important |
|
|
Term
9
(biceps from above + 8 below:
1)soleus
2)peroneus longus
3)peroneus brevis
4)peroneus tertius
5)tibialis posterior
6)extensor digitorum longus
7)flexor hallucis longus
8)extensor hallucis longus |
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Definition
| how many muscles attach to the fibula? |
|
|
Term
| downward, it's the direction of the muscle force |
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Definition
| what direction do the fibers of the IOM go? why? |
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Term
hinge joint between talus and distal tibia/fibula
dorsiflexion, plantar flexion |
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Definition
| what kind of joint is the ankle joint? what movements does this allow? |
|
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Term
| they attach the tibia and fibula to the calcaneus on the lateral and medial sides of the joint (hinge joint) |
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Definition
| where do most of the strongest ankle ligaments attach? |
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Term
| posterior tibiofibular ligament |
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Definition
| ligament that helps prevent the tibia and fibula from sliding forward on the talus during toe-off |
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Term
|
Definition
| is the articular surface of the talus wider anteriorly or posteriorly? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| when a fibular fracture is at or above the level of the syndesmosis(of posterior tibiofibular joint), what can also be torn? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| forced inversion causes what to break? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if your distal fibula fractures, where would you want it to fracture in relation to the posterior tibiofibular syndesmosis? |
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Term
| a widened space between the lateral malleolus and the talus |
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Definition
| what is seen in the x-ray with a fracture above or through the posterior tibiofibular ligament? |
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Term
|
Definition
| most important ligaments of the ankle joint |
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Term
1)anterior talofibular
2)posterior talofibular
3)calcaneofibular |
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Definition
| what 3 ligaments make up the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle? |
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Term
|
Definition
| what is the medial collateral ligament? |
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|
Term
| anterior talofibular ligament |
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Definition
| what ligament is commonly involved in sprain injuries caused by forced inversion? |
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|
Term
| subtalar & talocalcaneonavilcular joint |
|
Definition
| What joints to eversion and inversion of the foot occur at? |
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Term
|
Definition
| what two bones is the subtalar joint between? |
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|
Term
head of talus = ball
navicular + calcaneus = socket
spring ligament |
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Definition
| what 3 bones(+ ligament) make up the talocalcaneonavicular joint? |
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|
Term
| plantar calcaneonavicular ligament |
|
Definition
| what is the other name of the spring ligament? |
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|
Term
| between the sustentaculum tali and tuberosity of the navicular bone (supports head of talus) |
|
Definition
| where is the spring ligament? |
|
|
Term
| Spring ligament/ plantar calcaneonavicular |
|
Definition
| what ligament does the talus rest on? |
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|
Term
talocalcaneonavicular + calcaneocuboid joints
= Chopart's joint |
|
Definition
| what is the transverse tarsal joint? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How many synovial cavities are in Chopart's joint? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is the site of an obsolete surgical amputation of the foot? |
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|
Term
| lose Eversion and Inversion (this joint is the major place that occurs) = serious handicap |
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Definition
| Why is Chopart's joint no longer used as an amputation site? |
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|
Term
| anterior, lateral, posterior |
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Definition
| What are the 3 fascial compartments of the leg? |
|
|
Term
| transverse intermuscular septum divides deep and superficial posterior compartment |
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Definition
| What divides the posterior compartment of the leg? |
|
|
Term
because fascia and intermuscular septum are especially strong in the leg
-cause by swelling in a "compartment" of the leg -> restricted blood supply (& nerve = pain)-> surgical emergency fasciotomy |
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Definition
| Why is the leg particularly suceptible to compartment syndrome? (what causes this?) |
|
|
Term
| 1)tibialis anterior 2)extensor hallucis longus 3)extensor digitorum longus 4)peronius tertius |
|
Definition
| list the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| what nerve innervates the anterior compartment? |
|
|
Term
1)Peroneus longus
2)Peroneus brevis |
|
Definition
| List the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg |
|
|
Term
| Superficial Peroneal Nerve |
|
Definition
| what nerve innervates the lateral compartment of the leg? |
|
|
Term
1)Gastrocnemius
2)plantaris
3)soleus
4) Popliteus
5)Flexor digitorum longus
6) flexor hallucis longus
7) tibialis posterior |
|
Definition
| List the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? |
|
|
Term
| in humans it migrated to the instep allowing for a human gait (monkeys walk on the outside of their feet and supinate) |
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Definition
| what is special about peroneus longus compared to primates? |
|
|
Term
| extensor digitorum brevis |
|
Definition
| what muscle does not usually have a counterpart in the hand? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is the most superficial muscle in the posterior leg? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the superficial muscles of the posterior leg are also known as ______ due to their same function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 93% of plantar flexion is due to which muscles? |
|
|
Term
| tibialis's invert, peroneals evert |
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Definition
| tibialis muscles ____ opposing peroneal muscles that _______ |
|
|
Term
| posterior side, tibial malleolus to calcaneus |
|
Definition
| where is the flexor retinaculum on the foot? |
|
|
Term
| above the "ankle" malleolus, anterior side from fibula to tibia |
|
Definition
| where is the superior extensor retinaculum(aka transverse crural ligament)? |
|
|
Term
| tendons of Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor hallucis longus, Peronæus tertius, and Tibialis anterior |
|
Definition
| what is held down by the superior extensor retinaculum ? |
|
|
Term
Y shaped ligament on anterior side (dorsum of foot)
runs from the medial malleolus (and plantar aponeruorsis) to the calcaneus |
|
Definition
| where is the inferior extensor retinaculum (cruciate crural ligament)? |
|
|
Term
(runs from lateral malleolus to lateral calcaneus?) on the lateral side of the foot
binds peroneal longus and brevis tendons |
|
Definition
| where is the inferior peroneal retinaculum? what does it bind down? |
|
|
Term
| excessive fricton from long distance running, basketball, or tennis (jumping) anything that uses the calcaneal tendon actively |
|
Definition
| what causes the deep calcaneal bursa to become irritated? |
|
|
Term
| friction between shoes and the calcaneal tuberosity |
|
Definition
| what causes the superficial calcaneal bursa to become irritated? |
|
|
Term
| flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus, tibialis posterior (also posterior tibal artery and vein + tibial nerve) |
|
Definition
| what tendons lie in the Tarsal Tunnel? what else is in the tunnel? |
|
|
Term
superiolateral: biceps femoris
superiomedial: semimembranous
inferolateral: lateral head of gastrocnemius
inferomedial: medial head of gastrocnemius
floor: popliteus and femur
roof: deep fascia |
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Definition
| what are the borders of the popliteal fossa? |
|
|
Term
1)small saphenous vein
2)popliteal A&V + lymph nodes
3)genicular A&V
4)tibial N, common peroneal N, sural N |
|
Definition
| what are the contents of the popliteal fossa? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What nerve is used for nerve grafts because it is long and has unimportant, small sensory function (no motor)? |
|
|
Term
1)Popliteal Artery (geniculars come off this)
2)Popliteal vein (geniculars off this)
3)Tibial Nerve
4)common peroneal Nerve
5) roof has small sapnenous + sural N.
Lymph nodes are buried in the fat apparently |
|
Definition
| deepest structure of the popliteal fossa? Next deepest? Next? go through all of them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerve that runs laterally in the popliteal fossa then around the neck of the fibula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what nerve runs alongside the small saphenous vein fromthe calf downward? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what structures come off of the popliteal artery in the cubital fossa? |
|
|
Term
| anterior and posterior tibial artery at inf border of popliteus |
|
Definition
| what does the popliteal artery split into (major splits)? where? |
|
|
Term
medial and lateral plantar arteries distal to the flexor retinaculum
also makes a branch: peroneal(fibular) artery right below the knee |
|
Definition
| what does the posterior tibial artery become? where? |
|
|
Term
| doesn't split, becomes the dorsalis pedis distal to extensor retinaculum |
|
Definition
| what does the anterior tibial artery split into? where? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what vessel supplies the anterior compartment of the leg? |
|
|
Term
posterior tibial does both
peroneal(a branch of post tibial) does just lateral |
|
Definition
| what vessel supplies the posterior and lateral compartments of the leg? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where do the peroneal and tibial components of the sciatic nerve separate? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what compartment is supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what nerve is vulnerable to injury due to its superficial location? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg? |
|
|
Term
| between heads of gastrocnemius |
|
Definition
| Where does the tibial nerve pass between as it travels from the popliteal fossa to the posterior compartment? |
|
|
Term
| posterior tibial artery, pass deep to soleus (on the other side of the transverse intermuscular septum) |
|
Definition
| What does the tibial nerve travel with in the posterior compartment? What muscle is it deep to? |
|
|
Term
medial and lateral plantar nerves
-posteriorinferior to the medial malleolus |
|
Definition
| What does the tibial nerve branch into? where? |
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