Term
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Definition
| a process responsible for generating the diverse cell populations that provide the specialized functions needed by the organism, defined as the appearance of different properties in cells that were initially equivalent, occurs by progressive restriction of other potentialities of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| encompasses the totality of phenomena that begins with commitment and ends with the cell have all its characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| hematopoietic precursor cell capable of giving rise to all lineages of blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| hematopoietic precursor cell developmental located between stem cells and the morphologically recognizable blood precursor cells; includes multilineage and unilineage cell types |
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Term
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Definition
| cells that have committed to a lineage and are morphologically distinguishable from precursors and stem cells |
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Term
| Hierarchy of hematopoietic precursor cells |
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Definition
HSC -->MPP --> (1) CLP OR (2) CMP
(1) CLP --> T and B lymphocytes, NK cells, and lymphoid Dendritic cells
(2) CMP --> Mature neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes/platelets |
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Term
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Definition
| Nonlinear specific cytokines produced by stromal cells which interact with cell surface receptors via cell-to-cell communication and are required for hematopoietic cell growth . They promote (1) survival (2)proliferation and (3) differentiation |
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Term
| Early Acting Growth Factors (multi-lineage) |
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Definition
| have direct effects on multipotential precursor cells and are capable of inducing cell production within several lineages. Ex: Stem Cell Factor (SCF), Fit3 Ligand, GM-CSF and IL-3- juxtacrine reactions, differentiation of stem cells, mast cells, and progenitor cells |
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Term
| Later Acting Growth Factors (uni-lineage) |
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Definition
| narrow spectrum of influence and function primarily to induce maturation along specific lineages. Ex: EPO and TPO |
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Term
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Definition
| signals produced by one cell and act on the same cell |
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Term
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Definition
| signal produced by one cell that act on adjacent cells |
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Term
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Definition
| signals act over long distances (ex. EPO) |
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Term
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Definition
| signals represent a specialized type of paracrine signal in which the cytokine is not secreted by the cell that produced it but it remains membrane bound, necessitating direct producer cell-target cell contact to achieve the desired effect |
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Term
| Hematopoietic Microenvironment |
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Definition
| refers to this localized environment in the hematopoietic organs that is crucial for the development of hematopoietic cells and maintaining the hematopoietic system throughout the individual lifetime, includes cellular elements and extracellular elements |
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Term
| Phenotypic Characteristic of hematopoietic stem cell |
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Definition
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Term
| Phenotypic Characteristic of Mature cell |
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Definition
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Term
| Cellular components of the hematopoietic microenvironment |
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Definition
| Stromal Cells which secrete and produce soluble growth and differentiation factors and membrane bound cytokines that function as juxtacrine regulators |
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Term
| Extracellular components of the hematopoietic microenvironment |
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Definition
| secreted by the stromal cells and provide adhesive interactions, structural support and cell-cell interactions |
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Term
| Cytokines for lineage-specific regulation |
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Definition
| CFU-EMk for megakaryocytopoiesis and BFU-E in erythropoiesis |
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Term
| Clinical uses of cytokines |
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Definition
| growth factors as therapeutic regimens for hematopoietic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| term used to define the instance when two cells derived from the same precursor take a separate route of development, assigns a program and the maturation process executes the program |
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Term
| Transcription factors (TF) |
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Definition
| components that establish the patterns of gene expression associated with lineage differentiation |
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Term
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Definition
| A cytokine with multiple biologic activities |
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Term
| Granulopoiesis regulators |
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Definition
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Term
| eosinophil differentiation |
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Definition
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Term
| The role of the niche in bone marrow |
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Definition
| regulates the quiescent state of stem cells blocking differentiation-inducing signals |
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