Term
| What are the common parasitic causes of dermatitis in the dog? |
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Definition
-demodectic mange
-sarcoptic mange
-fleas
-ticks |
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Term
| What are the two forms of demodectic mange? |
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Definition
-localized
-generalized: juvenile onset (most common) or adult onset |
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Term
| What are the agents of demodectic mage? |
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Definition
| -Demodex canis (common), Demodex injai, unclassified |
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Term
| Describe the pathogenesis of demodectic mange? |
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Definition
-neonatal transmision
-adults are normal flora |
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Term
| What is critical about generalized demodectic mange? |
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Definition
| -mtie Ag specific T-cell dysfunction |
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Term
| How do we treat generalized demodectic mange? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are some predisposing diseases to adult onset generalized demodectic mange? |
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Definition
-hyperadrenocorticism
-cancer
-diabets
-estrus
-stress |
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Term
| What do we usually use as miticidal therapy? |
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Definition
| -high dose oral ivermectin |
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Term
| WHen can we announce a clinical curing of demodectic mange? |
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Definition
| -1 year without clinical signs |
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Term
| What kind of drug is Amitriz? Side effects? |
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Definition
-monoamine oxidase inhibitor and alpha 2 adrenergic agonsit applied topically
-Dog side effects: depression, sedation, bradycardia, hyperglycemia
-Handler side effects: light-headed, rash |
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Term
| Can we use Amitraz to treat demedecosis with a concurrent pyoderma? Why or why not? |
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Definition
| -No, will cuase th epyoderma to flare up |
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Term
| How do macrocyclic lactones work? |
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Definition
| -promote glutamate-gated chloride chanels or GABA-gated chloride channels and promotes neuromuscular blockage in parasites |
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Term
| Are any of the macrocyclic lactones FDA approved for treating demodecosis? Which drugs are Avermectines? Milbemycins? |
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Definition
-nope
-Avermectings: Ivermectin, Doramectin
-Milbemycins: Moxidectin (use in avermectin sensitive breeds) |
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Term
| What is the major concern with using ivermectin to treat Demodecti mange? |
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Definition
| -do not use in collies or herding breeds |
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of Ivermecting toxicity? |
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Definition
| -tremors, seizures, ataxia, depression, stupor, oma |
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Term
| How do we treat Ivermectin toxicity? |
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Definition
| -control serizures and lipid trapping |
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Term
| What physiologically causes Ivermectin hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
| -mutation in the MDR1 gene that codes for p-glycoptoting |
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Term
| What advantages does MOxidectin have over Ivermectin to treat demodectic mange? Disadvantages? |
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Definition
-Advantage: not as toxic in sensitive breeds
-Disadvantage: more expensive |
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Term
| What other drgus that are used off label can be effective for treating demodectic mange? |
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Definition
| -Fluralaner and Afloxolaner |
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Term
| In addition to medical treatment, what are some other recommendations for a demodectic mange case? |
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Definition
-spay/neuter
-nutrition
-stress management
-surgery |
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Term
| What are the primary causes for broken hair without true skin lesions in cats? |
|
Definition
-psychogenic alopecia
-dermatophytosis
-food allergy
-demodecosis |
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Term
| What procedures do we employ when facing barbered hair in cats? |
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Definition
| -trichogram and skin scraping |
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Term
| Is sarcoptic mange common in dogs? What aboit in cats? |
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Definition
-common in dogs
-not common in cats |
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Term
| What is a good place to scrape for sarcoptic mange? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How do we confirm a diagnosis of sarcoptic mange if we get an initial skin scraping htat is negative? |
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Definition
| -Put them on prednisolone, it will get way worse, then do another skin scraping in a week |
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Term
| What are some effective acaricidal agents used to treat sarcoptic mange? |
|
Definition
-Selemectin: approved
-Ivermectin: off label
-Moxidectin
-Lime sulfur
-Amitraz
-Also use corticosteroids WITH AN ACARICIDE to decrease itching |
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Term
| What are he reservoirs for Scabies? Is it contagious? Is it zoonotic? |
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Definition
-foxes and wild coyotes
-yes
-yes |
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