Term
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Definition
| frugivorous, with leaves, shoots, animal prey, bark and soil |
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Term
|
Definition
| diurnal, arboreal, quadrumanous |
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Term
| Pongo: Social Organization |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Pongo: Life History Pattern |
|
Definition
1st reproduction- 12-15 years
IBI- 8 years
lifespan- 59 years
juvenile- 4-9 years
infant- 0-48 months
gestation- 250 days |
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Term
|
Definition
| folivorous (leaves, shoots, stems 85% of diet) |
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|
Term
| Gorilla: Activity Pattern |
|
Definition
| diurnal, knuckle walking terrestially |
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|
Term
| Gorilla: Social Organization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gorilla: Life History Pattern |
|
Definition
1st reproduction: 10-12 years
IBI: 4 years
Lifespan: 40-50 years
juvenile: 4-7 years
infant: 36-48 months
gestation: 255 days |
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Term
|
Definition
| fruit 45-76%, leaves, flowers, seeds, animal prey |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| diurnal, knuckle walking terrestially |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pan: Life History Pattern |
|
Definition
1st reproduction: 14-15 years
IBI: 5 years
lifespan: 53 years
juvenile: 5-8 years
infant: 0-60 months
gestation: 240 days |
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|
Term
| Orangutan Reproductive Strategies |
|
Definition
flanged males- lots of secondary sexual characteristics
indeterminate growth
unflanged- forced with females in estrus
some flanged males residents, other roam
among flanged, one dominant
females move towards loud calls of flanged males, even if not in estrus
little guarding against infanticide
for infanticide to occur, need:
1)male unlikely to be father
2)females cycle sooner w/ loss of infant
3)reproductive access to females when resume cycling |
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Term
|
Definition
predation pressures should select for large groups
jarman-bell principle
perhaps smaller groups due to feeding competiton?
selectivity of plant parts, seasonality, habitat depletion and quality, etc
females in larger groups-lower birthrate
contest competition over leaves observed
infanticide?
larger groups-bigger risk
gorilla females-more vulnerable
overall hard to tell why |
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|
Term
| Evolution of Fission-Fusion Societies |
|
Definition
rare amongst primate taxa
characterized by:
1)male cooperation
2)fairly solitary females
3)male philopatry, female dispersal
party size varies by food availability and # of females in estrus
low predation risk (big body)+patchily distributed and temporally available food -->females spread out to minimize comp, but may gather where food is available --> male kin cooperatively defend females from outsiders --> females disperse to avoid incest
more reliable and abundant fallback food leads to more sociable relationships |
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