Term
| superficial extrinsic back muscles |
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Definition
| dont move spine, tap lat, rhomboid minor and major levator scapulae |
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Term
| extrincic muscles, intermediate group |
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Definition
| muscles attached to the ribs, move ribs. serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior |
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Term
|
Definition
innervated by: Dorsal Rami
Attached to spine
Flexion, extension, circumduction
-splenious
-erector spinae
-transversospinal group |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| extensors and rotators of the head and neck. Splenius Capitis and Splenius Cervicis |
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Term
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Definition
| extend and rotate the vertebral column. Spinalis, Longissimus, Illiocostalis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Semi-Spinalis, Multifidus, Rotatores |
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Term
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Definition
| covers muscles of back and trunk |
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Term
|
Definition
cranial nerve XI and ventral rami
rotates scapula |
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Term
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Definition
| extension, adduction, medial rotation, depressing the shoulder. thoracodorsal nerve |
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Term
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Definition
slender muscle that descends from the transverse psocessof upper cervical vertebra. elevates the scapula
innervated by dorsal scapular nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
| superior to the rhomboid major |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
the two muscles work together to retract or pull the scapula toward the vertebral column
innervated by dorsal scapular nerve |
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Term
| serratus posterior superior (INT) |
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Definition
| deep to the rhomboids. innervation of anterior rami of upper thoracic nerves (T2-T5). elevates ribs. descends to attach to ribs. |
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|
Term
| serratus posterior inferior (INT) |
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Definition
| deep to lat. dorsi, asecends to attach to ribs. innervation of anterior rami of lower thoracic nerves. depresses ribs |
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Term
| function of serratus posterior superior and inferior |
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Definition
| breathing during exercise |
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Term
| function of splenious muscles |
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Definition
| together the splenious msucles draw the head backwards, extending the neck- capitis and cervicis |
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Term
|
Definition
| innervation: posterior rami of middle cervical nerves. Function: draw and rotate head to one side |
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Term
|
Definition
Innervation: Posterior Rami of Lower Cervical Nerves.
Function: Draw and rotate head to one side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
largest group of intrinsic back muscles. covered up by: thoracolumbar fascia, serratus posterior inferior, rhomboid muscles, splenius muscles
3: Illiocostalis, Longissiums, Spinalis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lumborum, Thoracis, Cervicis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thoracis, Cervicis, and Capitis |
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Term
|
Definition
| most superficial collection of muscle fibers in the group |
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Term
|
Definition
| deep to semispinalis. best developed in lumbar region |
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Term
|
Definition
| deepest group. best developed in thoracic region. crossing one- two vertebrae |
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Term
| transversospinales group function |
|
Definition
| contract together to extend vertebral column. when they contract to one side, causes rotate in opposite direction |
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Term
|
Definition
| unique because it is attached to skull, head posteriorly or side to side |
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Term
|
Definition
innervated by: posterior rami of spinal nerves
consists of: levatores costarum- contraction elevates ribs
interspinales-postural muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
base of occipital bone that move head. consists: rectus capitis posterior major, recturs capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior, obliquus capitis superior.
extends head at the atlantoaxial joint. innervated by posterior ramus of first cervival nerve
blood supply: occipital arteries |
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Term
|
Definition
Greater and Lesser Curvature, attached to lower end of esophagus.
Blood Supply: Left Gastric= comes from the celiac artery, supplies the superior 1/2
right gastric artery: comes from common hepatic artery
2 gastric epiploics R&L
-Splenic artery supplies upper 1/2 of greater curvature |
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Term
| supplies the superior 1/2 of stomach |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| supplies the upper 1/2 of the greater curvature and greater omentum |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| three branches: common hepatic A, splenic A, L Gastric A |
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Term
|
Definition
sym: splanchic nerve
para: Vagus Nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
| smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands |
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Term
| digestion beings in mouth |
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Definition
| enzymes in salivary amylase, stops in esophagus, breaks down complex sugar, continues in stomach |
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Term
| mechanical process of digestion of stomach |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| parietal cells of stomach |
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Definition
| produces and secrete HCL, loweres the pH of stomach |
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Term
|
Definition
upper: lower esophageal sphincter
lower: pyloric sphincter |
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Term
|
Definition
liver is detox organ" further metabolizes the blood that makes it less toxic, then sends it to the IVC
-- System that conneccts two capillary veins, instead of going ffrom 1 capillary bed to the heart you go from one capillary bed to another ned is known as a portal system |
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Term
|
Definition
| where portal vein goes in |
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Term
| lymphatic vessel of GI tract |
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Definition
| lecteal. after digestion, will go through the vessel, eventually goes to the thoracic duct and then will go inoto the unction of the L Internal JUgular Vein, then the SVC of the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
Exocrine gland: DUCT secrete thru duct into the duodenum, 99% function
Endocrine: DUCTLESS gland, secretes diresctly into blood stream- Islet of Langerhans |
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Term
|
Definition
from the tail to the head via the pancreatic duct and dumping into the papilla major and mior.
Ampulla of Vater dumps into the duodenum |
|
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Term
| blood supply of the pancreas |
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Definition
| splenic arteries, superior duodenal artery, superior and inferior pancreatoduodenal artery |
|
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Term
| pancreas is innervated by: |
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Definition
Symp: Splanchic Nerve
Para: Vaugs Nerve |
|
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Term
| the pancreatic duct and the bile duct come together to form: |
|
Definition
| Ampulla of Vate (Major Papillae)which is where they empty into the duodenum |
|
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Term
| accessory pancreatic duct dumps into the BLANK into the BLANK |
|
Definition
| papilla minor into the duodenum |
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Term
|
Definition
| Right, Left, Caudate, Quadrate |
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Term
|
Definition
early life- makes RBC's called erythropoesis
By puberty: no longer does this- red bone marrow takes over
Post puberty: biodegrades hemoglobin to make bile and proceed fats, carbs, protein that produces lymphatic fluid
bile is fat emulsifier that biodegrades product of hemoglobin |
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Term
|
Definition
Right and Left Triangular Ligament
Right and Left Coronary Ligament
Falciform Ligament R and L
Round Ligament |
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Term
| the liver stores sugar in the form of |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| all hepatic vessels go into this |
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Definition
|
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Term
| collects blood from GI organs and takes it to the liver |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| right and left hepatic arteries from the hepatic property<- common hepatic artery<-- celiac trunk |
|
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Term
| branches of hepatic artery, vein and bil duct |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| break down Hb and produce bile |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Bile is collected by _____ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| common hepatic duct plus cystic duct |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prescence of fat in the duodenum stimulates cells to produce ___ which is a hormone that goes to the gallbladder and causes it to contract and empty bile, this helps to emulsify the fat |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Gall bladder arteriol supply |
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Definition
| Right Cystic Artery from right Hepatic Artery |
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Term
| venous return from gall bladder |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| innervation of the gallbladder |
|
Definition
sym: splanchich
para: Vagus
(liver and gallbladder) |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| extracts Hb from old RBC's, |
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Term
|
Definition
Symp: Splanchic
Para: Vagus |
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Term
| small intestines fixed areas |
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Definition
| at the beginning and where it goes into the cecum |
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Term
| duodenum artery and innervation |
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Definition
Gastroduodenal Arteries and Veins
Symp: Splanchic
Para: Vagus |
|
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Term
| increase surface area of Si |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| small intestines begins here and ends here |
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Definition
| begins at the Pyloric Valve and ends at the Iliocecal Valve |
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Term
|
Definition
| walls of ilium lymphatic tissue |
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Term
| sphincter with smooth muscles that acts like a sphincter in SI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gastroduodenal arteries
pancreatoduodenal arteries
VEINS: superior mesenteric veins
INNERVATED by:
symp: Splanchic
Para: Vagus |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| appendix has a mesetery called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sharp bend in ascending colon |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| bend after the transverse colon |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| reabsorb water and electrolytes, forms feces |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| longitudinal ligaments of the colon that are not continuous |
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Definition
|
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Term
| gathering of colon caused by tenia coli being shorter than the colon |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| colon parts that are retroperitoneal |
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Definition
| ascending and descending colon |
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Term
|
Definition
right colic artery: transverse colon and right side
left colic artery: remainder of transverse colon and left side |
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Term
| kidney function is controlled by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| encapsulated covering of dense connective tissue around kidneys |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the kidneys are surrounded by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the kidney and the blank are retroperitoneal |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal medulla makes up the |
|
Definition
| FUNCTIONAL PART OF THE KIDNEY. Remal pyramids, major callacies and minor callacies |
|
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Term
| major and minor calyx, where the ureters begin |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| functional unit of the kidney |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| contraction of smooth muscle moving down a tube |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| where the exchange takes place in a nephron |
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Definition
|
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Term
| network of capillaries where waste GOES from INTO the collecting ducts where they are no longer in the bloodstream |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| basic flow pattern of urine |
|
Definition
| collecting tubules of medulla--> minor calyx-->major calyx--> renal pelvis--> ureteres--> urinary bladder--> urethra--> EUO-->toilet |
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Term
|
Definition
| mostly controlled by hormones, SYMP AND PARA both by splanchic |
|
|
Term
| dark triangles in kidneys that are really a cluster of collecting ducts |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| lighter region between renal pyramids |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where the pyramids come to apex is called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| plastered to tissue around bladder, smooth all the time, |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| fixed part of bladder that doesnt stretch or do anything |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| epithelial cells of the bladder |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| folds of bladder that strech when full |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| to store urine until output |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| superior and inferior vesicle arteries |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| innervation of the bladder |
|
Definition
SYMP: inferior hypogastric nerve
PARA: PELVIC NERVES |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| paraurethral mucus gland is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| skenes gland is drains by 1. it secretes 2. and is related to the 3 |
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Definition
1- duct that opens in the urethra
2- secrete mucosa
3- related to g spot |
|
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Term
| three parts f mail urethra |
|
Definition
| prostatic, membranous, spongy gland |
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Term
| part of the urethra after it leaves the prostate |
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Definition
|
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Term
| adds to the complex seminal fluid makeup |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lower part of the pelvic brim |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| dividing the true and false |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| levator ani and coccygeaous |
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Term
|
Definition
| illiococcygeus, pubococcygeus, pborectalis |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| forms sling around the rectum |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| right and left common iliacs, femoral artery |
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Term
| blood supply to EXTERNAL part of pelvis |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paraurethral gland in female |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prostatic utricle in male= |
|
Definition
| vagina and uterus in female |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
pelvic inlet= wider
ischial spine= wider
pubic arch= wider |
|
|
Term
| elevated ridge within the prostatic urethra |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| depressions on either side of the urethral crest |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| prostatic fluid is _______ to_____ |
|
Definition
| alkaline to tends to neutralize the acidic pH of the vagina and produces a fluid environment suitable for the sperm to swim in |
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Term
| Prostate gland produces sugar molecules to |
|
Definition
| nourish the sperm in their long, arduous journey upstream |
|
|
Term
| -Semen – combination of fluid from different sources |
|
Definition
o Testicles themselves produce a fluid
o Prostatic fluid
o Cowper’s glands or bulbourethral glands which add more fluid |
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Term
| In urethral crest the central portion is enlarged to form |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| center of seminal colliculous |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inferior hypogastric (sym) and spanchnic nerve (para) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| inferior vesical artery w/ branch that goes to the prostate gland and middle rectal artery (both come from the internal iliac artery) |
|
|
Term
| Series of dilated tubes containing seminal fluid |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
o Long muscular duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
o Component of the spermatic cord
o Ascends through the inguinal canal into the abdomen and runs on the lateral side |
|
|
Term
| enlargement of vas deferens |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| produces sperm and testosterone |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| contents of spermatic chord |
|
Definition
| vas deferens, testicular artery, panpiniform plexus of nerves, cremasteric muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| when testes is formed in abd and has to descend it has to go through inguinal canal through superficial ring to the scrotum, a cord attached from the inf portion of the testis and attached to the surface of the scrotum - permanently attaches it to the scrotum– becomes scrotal ligament |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-endometrium- inner layer (menstration)
-myometrium- middle, muscle
perimetrium- outer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uterine arteries and internal iliac arteries – run through ligaments |
|
|
Term
| Double fold of peritoneum that attaches to uterus and almost completely covers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mesentery attached to fallopian tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mesentery attached to uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mesentery attached to ovary |
|
|
Term
| medially attaches to uterus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| laterally attaches to wall of abdomen |
|
Definition
| suspensory ligament of ovary |
|
|
Term
| help to hold uterus in place keeping it from prolapsing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ligament b/t uterus and bladder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| surrounds the released egg to guide it into fallopian tube |
|
Definition
| fimbrae- that is not acctually attacahed to ovary |
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