Term
| What is the chemical composition of oil? |
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Definition
| A complex mixture containing hundreds of different chemical compounds; these compounds are structually similar to each other |
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Term
| What kind of compound is oil? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are hydrocarbons composed of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some elements found in oil? |
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Definition
| hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen (0%-.5%), sulfur (0% - 6%), oxygen (0% - 3.5%) and some metals in trace amounts |
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Term
| What are the three types of components in the chemical composition of oil? |
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Definition
| Paraffin, Cycloparaffin, and aromatic groups |
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Term
| In oil chemistry, what are the bonds that do not connect two carbon atoms attached to? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Draw Paraffin, Cycloparaffin, and Aromatic Chemical Composition |
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Term
| What are the 3 combinations of hydrocarbons? |
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Definition
1. Paraffin hydrocarbons
2. Cycloparaffin hydrocarbons
3. Aromatic hydrocarbons |
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Term
| What are paraffin hydrocarbons? |
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Definition
| contains molecules composed only of paraffin groups |
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Term
| What are cycloparaffin hydrocarbons? |
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Definition
| Contains molecules composed of one or more cycloparaffin groups that may or may not be attached to paraffin groups |
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Term
| What are aromatic hydrocarbons? |
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Definition
| Contains molecules composed of one or more aromatic groups that may or may not be attached to cycloparaffin or paraffin groups |
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Term
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Definition
| any of a series of saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons of the general formula CH, having a closed chain of three or more carbon atoms |
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Term
| Are there large or small numbers of hydrocarbons in oil? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the task of separating and identifying the various constituents quite difficult? |
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Definition
| Since there are a large number of hydrocarbons. |
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Term
| For the chemical composition, what was selected as being representative of US petroleum? |
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Definition
| A mid-content crude oil from Ponca City, OK |
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Term
| After using the best separation and identification techniques, how many hydrocarbons have been isolated from the sample and identified? |
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Definition
| More than one hundred individual hydrocarbons |
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Term
| Of the 175 hydrocarbons isolated, how many are in each group? |
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Definition
70 - paraffins
48 - cycloparaffins
57 - aromatics |
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Term
| Of the compounds that occur in greatest abundance, what groups are they in? |
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Definition
| All are parafins except for one cycloparaffin and one aromatic |
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Term
| What are the most abundant types of hydrocarbons found in oil? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the compounds that occur in greatest abundance in oil? |
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Definition
1. heptane
2. octane
3. hexane
4. nonane
5. decane
6. methylcyclohexane
7. undecane
8. dodecane
9. tridecane
10. 1 methyl 3 isopropyllbenzene
11. tetradecane |
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Term
| The proportions in which the various molecules occur in oil varies considerably depending on what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the differences in the percentage of the various hydrocarbons influence? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the energy content in typical molecules found in gasoline? |
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Definition
| 43 to 47 KJ/gram (Not much different from candlewax or candybars) |
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Term
| What colors can hydrocarbons be? |
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Definition
| pitch black, amber, brown, or green |
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Term
| What can hydrocarbons smell like? |
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Definition
| Some smell sweet or like turpentine while others have unpleasant odors usually caused by the presence of sulfur containing compounds |
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Term
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Definition
| 7 carbons & other hydrogens |
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Term
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Definition
| 8 hydrocarbons and hydrogens |
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Definition
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Definition
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