Term
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Definition
| Change of Direction, Mechanical Advantage, Reduce Friction and tend prussiks |
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Term
| What are pulleys made of and their minimum breaking strength |
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Definition
| Aluminum and Steel, 36 KN 8093 pounds |
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Term
| How many classes of levers are they? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A load is located at one end of the lever and the lifting force is placed at the other end of the fulcrum located between the 2(crow and pry bars). There most useful for lifting objects vertically. THis lever changes direction of force, the force is applied downward and the load moves up. |
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Term
| What is the mechanical advantage of a Class 1 lever? |
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Definition
| Mechanical advantage is the distance between the load and the fulcrum to the distance between fulcrum and force. If the lever is 3 times as long as the force side of the fulcrum as the load side, the lever has a 3 to 1 mechanical advantage. |
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Term
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Definition
| It has the fulcrum at one end of the lever, a load in the middle and the force on the other end. (Wheel Barrels) This type of lever is for moving objects horizontally. |
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Term
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Definition
| The load is on one end and the fulcrum on the opposite end and the force in the middle. Shovels and brooms. used when the force may be sacrificed for distance, not used for lifting or moving objects. |
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Term
| What is a single picket rated at? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is common specifications for pickets? |
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Definition
| 48" x 1" cold rolled steel |
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Term
| What is an inline picket system rated at? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the minimum wraps desired on rope and webbing in a picket system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is NFPA and what standard addresses rope rescue? |
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Definition
NFPA: National Fire Protection Agency: A non-profit organization that sets guidelines
NFPA 1983 |
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Term
| What is the NFPA for Ladder Rope Rescue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the construction type of rope? |
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Definition
| Block Kreel: strands run through the core of the rope |
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Term
| What is a non-directional anchor? |
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Definition
| an anchor that will withstand a pull from any direction |
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Term
| What is a directional anchor? |
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Definition
| An anchor that will fail if the load shifts to an unintended direction of pull |
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Term
| What are 2 types of anchors? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the critical angles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What angle should a picket be at to be effective? |
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Definition
| 15 Degrees away from the load |
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Term
| How deep should the picket be driven into the soil? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many webbings do you need for a picket system? What lengths should the be? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 types of USAR systems? |
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Definition
USAR 4-basic: nonstructural entrapment in non structural structures
USAR 3-light: structure collapse or failure of light-frame/ low angle or one-person load rope rescue
USAR 2-Medium: collapse or failure of heavy wall construction, high angle rope rescue, confined space, and trench/excavation
USAR 1- Heavy: ollapse or failure of heavy floor, precase concrete, and steel frame construction, high-angle rope rescue, confined space, mass transport |
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Term
| What are 4 types of collapse patterns? |
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Definition
1. Lean-to: wall failure causes a floor or roof to fall completely on one side (triangular shaped void)
2. V-Shape: floor assembly collapse in the middle due to failure of center supports or overload of the floor (2 identifiable voids)
3. Pancake collapse: single or multiple floors and/or roof collapse resulting in a layering effect.
4. Cantilever: wall collapse resulting in one end of the floor and or roof hanging unsupported and suspended above the other floors. completely unstable and dangerous |
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Term
| how do you calculate mechanical advantage for a lever? |
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Definition
| Comparing the distance between the load and the fulcrum to the distance between the fulcrum and the force |
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Term
| What is an example of a class 2 lever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a class 3 lever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the positions of a rescue team for cribbing? |
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Definition
| squad leader, assistant, safety, bars, cribbers, logistics |
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Term
| What is the weight of concrete? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the weight of masonry? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the weight of wood? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the weight of steel? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of wood are used for cribbing? |
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Definition
Southern pine
Douglass fir |
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Term
| What type of wood is preferred for cribbing? Why? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the rating of douglass fir? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the load carrying capacity of a 4x4 piece of cribbing overlapped on another 4x4 perpendicularly? |
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Definition
| (3.5"x3.5")x500psi=6,125lbs |
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Term
| If there are 4 contact points for a 4x4 crib what is the load carrying capacity? |
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Definition
| 6,000lbs x 4 contact points=24,000 lbs |
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Term
| A box crib of 6x6 has what capacity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 rules for determining the height of cribbing? |
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Definition
1. never build a crib higher than 3x the length of cribbing
2. This rule is based on the ratio of contact points carrying the load |
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Term
| What are the contact point to height ratios for cribbing? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you stop/control a moving load? |
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Definition
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Term
| For a 3-member x 3-member cross tie using 4x4's what is the capacity? |
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Definition
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Term
| For a 3-member x 3-member cross tie using 6x6's what is the capacity? |
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Definition
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Term
| 1 pry bar person can lift how many lbs? |
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Definition
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Term
| You can't stack cribbing more than ____ in the same _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the 2:1 mechanical advantage system for ladders? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| upright ladder supported at the top to keep it in a near vertical position. |
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Term
| What are the components of a ladder gin? |
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Definition
| Ground ladder, guy lines, anchor points |
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Term
| Advantages & disadvantages to a Windlass Picket system? |
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Definition
Advantages: Carried by rescue personnel to remote locations, can pre determine the specific location to build anchor system.
Disadvantages: strength and availability is dependent on soil type and can be time consuming to set up. also can damage underground utilities and difficult to remove. |
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