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| behavioral training as a result of reinforcement and punishment |
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| any event that increases the probability of occurrence of a preceding behavior is said to be a __________ |
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| Any event that decreases the probability is said to be either neutral or a ________ |
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| study of the psychological aspects of language, especially as they apply to the psychological processes involved in learning, processing, and using language |
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| delineate the basic relationships underlying all sentence organization, regardless of the language being used; they are universal |
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| govern the rearrangement of phrase-structure elements based on a specific language |
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| Found in the brain, basic structure or meaning that underlies a sentence; generated through the use of phrase-structure rules. A Choamskyan concept |
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| structural characteristics of the actual spoken message; result of application of the phrase structure and transformational rules to the deep structure |
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| linguistic theorists associated with Chomsky and his followers, who emphasize innateness of language and contend that there are special mechanisms in the human brain dedicated to the acquisition and use of language |
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| a distinct semantic role such as "agent" or "location" |
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| concept of interpreting child language by considering both the linguistic and non-linguistic contexts |
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| study of the socialogical influence on language learning and use, especially cultural and situational variables, including dialects, bilingualism, and parent-child interactions |
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| conceptual content or meaning of speech acts |
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| speaker's intention or attitude toward his or her utterance |
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| Primitive Speech Act (PSA) |
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| act, prosodic pattern, or word that conveys the early intentions of children. Term coined by Dore |
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| communication-first model of language development, evidenced in the give and take of early parent-child dialogs |
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| Joint or Shared Reference |
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| the achievement of shared attention on an object or event. Used when both parent and child are focusing on one object |
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Definition
| an alternative to nativism, ___________ views language as a structure arising from existing interacting patterns in the human brain rather than from language-specific structures, such as an LAD |
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Term
| Linguistic Representations |
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| emergentist term for symbols and cognitive concepts about language manipulated by the brain so the child can interact successfully with his or her environment. __________ _______________ emerge from the interplay of physical components of the human brain, the manner in which these components process information, the tasks engaged in, and characteristics of the language signals in which they are exposed |
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| memory in which information is held while being processed |
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