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| making all variations of language confirm to standard language. |
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| Features of printed text combined with features expected in conversation |
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| Refers to the study of historical language |
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| Refers to an approach that studies langauge at a theoretical point in time without considering historical context |
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| the vocabulary of a language |
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| Words or phrases used to replace those that are deemed offensive |
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| describes the creation of a new word or expression, but the term "coinage" is also used to describe a completely new word |
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| The intorduction of a word from one language to another; these can be anglicised or remain similar to the original in spelling and pronunciation |
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| The name of a person after whom something is named |
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| The name given to a product by an organisation becomes the commonly used name for the same product |
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| A lexical word made up from the initial letters of a phrase (sounded as a word) |
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| A word made up from initual letters, each being pronounced |
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| A new word being produced by shortening an exsisting one |
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| Another term for neologim |
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| A process of linguistic change over time |
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| A word takes on a different, more positive, meaning than it had previously, thereby gaining status |
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| A word takes on a different, more negative meaning than it had previously, so losing status |
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| A word looses the strength of its original meaning |
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Definition
| A word becomes more specific in its meaning |
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Definition
| A word keeps its original meaning but aquires another |
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Definition
| Occur when words expand and contract and then settle for meanings very different to the original |
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| The study of the spelling and punctuation |
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| A lack of the dummy auxiliary 'do' to form questions/negative |
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Definition
| using capitals in common nouns that aren't at the start of a sentence. |
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| Differences in spelling (commonly done before standardisation) |
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| Simple, compound, complex and compound complex |
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| Exclamative, imperative, interrogative and declarative. |
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- Social factors: religion, classes, sexes, education, literature/religious text reference.
- Shared understanding of concepts |
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| The structure of the text |
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