Term
| Outside the snow line, what are planets and their satalittes made out of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three types of "dead" satellites? |
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Definition
Rings - close to the planet
Regular satellites
Irregular satellites - far from the planet |
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Term
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Definition
Small
Formed by capturing asteroids
Prograde and retrograde orbits (they rotate the usual direction and the wrong direction).
Potato shaped
High eccentricity
High inclination
Far from the planet. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the gravitational pull of a planets catches a passing asteroid and turns it into their satellite (moon) |
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Term
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Definition
| An object or objects that orbit around a planet like our moon. |
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Term
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Definition
Large- size of our moon
Form by co-accretion
Low eccentricity (circular)
Low inclination (orbits in the plane of the equator)
Close to the planet
Synchronous rotation
Made of ice and rock |
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Term
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Definition
How circular the orbit is
High= very elliptical (oval)
Low= circular |
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Term
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Definition
The incline or angle that the satellite orbits the planet on.
High= does not orbit on the equatorial plane of the planet.
Low= orbits around the equator of the planet |
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Term
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Definition
All giant planets have them
The particles that make them are VERY small
Very low eccentricity
Very low inclination
Very close to the planet |
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Term
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Definition
F=(Mm)/d2
The gravitational pull between two objects of masses M and m |
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Term
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Definition
When small objects are close to large planet sized objects they are attracted to the planet.
The closer the object is to the planet the stronger the attraction |
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Term
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Definition
| An area that extends 2.5 times the radius of the planet |
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Term
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Definition
tidal forces win and objects are attracted to the planet,
they cannot accrete into larger objects and
They form rigngs |
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Term
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Definition
The tidal forces are not strong.
Objects are attracted to each other and not the planet.
Objects accrete and form satellites. |
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Term
| Where do rings form and why? |
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Definition
| Rings form inside the Roche limit because Tidal forces are stronger then the forces between objects and they cannot accrete together to form larger satellites. |
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Term
| Where do regular satellites form? |
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Definition
| Outlaid the Roche limit Where objects can accete (come) together. |
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Term
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Definition
Satellites that have never been geologically active
Callisto, Mimas, Rhea, Iapetus, Oberon and Umbriel
They are often crater saturated. |
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Term
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Definition
Made of ice
10-100m thick
Full of gaps. |
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Term
| Why do saturn's rings have gaps. |
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Definition
| When the material in saterns rings gets into resonance with saturn's moons (other satellites) the gravitational push of the moons kicks the material out of orbit with Saturn leaving a gap. |
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Term
| Do Neptune and Uranus have rings? |
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Definition
| Yes, they are much like saturn's |
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Term
| Does jupiter have a ring? |
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Definition
Yes but it is extremely small
It is more spread out
It is made outlook of dark material from the grinding of up of nearby satellites. |
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Term
| Why doesn't Jupiter have a big icy ring like the rest of the large icy planets? |
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Definition
Jupiter is so large that it has it's own snow limit.
Inside the snow limit ice is water.
It turns out, jupiter's snow limit is outside it's roche limit so ice cannot exist inside the Roche limit so Jupiter cannot have an ice ring. |
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Term
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Definition
A surface is so crowded in craters that new impacts just cover old ones.
You can no longer tell the Change in age of a surface. |
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Term
| **Why can we not use crater counting to find the ages of objects in the outer solar system?*** |
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Definition
Objects in the outer solar system have VERY different crater POPULATIONS (they have been hit by very different objects) then the inner solar system so we cannot compare their crater densities to the moon.
The only reason that we can use crater counting and crater density plots in the inner solar system is that All of the objects have similar R-Plots (crater populations) so we know they have all been hit by similar objects in the past. |
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Term
| How can we find the age of surfaces in the outer solar system? |
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Definition
| We must bring back a sample. |
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Term
| How do we compare surfaces in the outer solar system? |
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Definition
We look at the spectrum that is reflected off of the surface to see what they are made of.
It is usually water ice in the outer solar system |
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Term
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Definition
| Ice made out of water as opposed to ice made out of methane, ammonia, nitrogen or CO2 |
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Term
| Mimas, Rhea, Oberon and Ubriel |
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Definition
Dead worlds whose only facts we need to know are they you cannot use crater counting to find their ages because their crater populations (their R-Pots) are different then the moon.
They are made out of ice
And Mimas is barely big enough to be a sphere. |
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Term
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Definition
A dead satellite
It is made of ice but it has a very low albido side because it travels through a cloud of blown off carbon and only one side gets hit.
It also has a weird mountain rage around it's equator that may have formed by the satellite spinning very fast. |
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