Term
| Which form of medical imaging makes up the majority of all medical imaging exams? and what is the percentage. |
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Definition
| Plain radiographs account for approximately 80% of imaging examinations. |
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Term
| Definition for low density tissues which appear more gray or black. |
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Definition
| Radiolucency. The lungs are more radiolucent or 'lucent' than the heart. |
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Term
| Same as opaque. White or relatively whiter areas on the film such as bone or normally black areas that appear whiter than normal. |
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Definition
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Term
| an increase in density in bone. Associated with degenerative arthritis in subchondral bone. Associated with avascular necrosis post fracture. |
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Definition
| Sclerosis. “Sclerosis is noted at the scaphoid bone” |
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Term
| Magnification: structures lying (? closest to or further from ?) the film plate demonstrate the best resolution and least enlargement. |
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Definition
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Term
| when an image is made with the x-ray beam approaching the subject from an angle the object will appear shorter in length on the film. |
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Definition
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Term
If the structure being filmed is not lying flat on the x-ray table/film cassette the end of a bone for
example, closest to the beam source will appear larger/longer than the portion of the bone furthest from the beam source. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is contrast media used in combination with plain film x-ray? |
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Definition
A substance is injected into the body to increase the contrast of the image of the desired structure.
Contrast media can be radiopaque (positive contrast), radiolucent (negative contrast) or a combination of the two (dual contrast). |
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Term
| Air appears what color on a plain film xray |
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Definition
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Term
| Lungs, Trachea, primary bronchi, air in bowel or stomach appear what color on the xray? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fat appears what color on xray? |
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Definition
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Term
| Adipose, very osteoporotic bone and thin soft tissue appear what color on xray? |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscle, tendon, organs, thin bones, overlapping thin soft tissues and blood appear what color on xray? |
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Definition
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Term
| Water appears what color on a xray |
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Definition
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Term
| Cancellous bond, thinner muscle, tendon, organ tissues superimposition of thin soft tissues and large blood vessels appear what color on xray |
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Definition
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Term
| Mineral appears what color on xray? |
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Definition
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Term
| Thick or cortical bone, teeth, dental fillings, sutures, orthopedic hardware appear what color on xray? |
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Definition
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Term
| Heavy Metals appear what color on xrays? |
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Definition
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Term
| Contrast media can be _______ (positive contrast), ___________(negative contrast) or a combination of the two (dual contrast). |
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Definition
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Term
| Bone is white on (? CT or MRI?) and gray (medullary) or black (cortical) on (?CT or MRI?) |
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Definition
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Term
| To distinguish a CT from an MRI look at the fat: fat is bright white on a (? CT or MRI ?) image and gray to black on a (?CT or MRI?). Then look at bone. |
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Definition
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Term
(? T1 or T2? ) images fat is gray and water is
white. |
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Definition
T2
One memory help is World War II (water is white on T2). |
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Term
| In ( ?T1 or T2?) images fat is bright white and water is gray |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the guidelines for correctly placing an AP radiograph in a view box? What about hand/feet? |
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Definition
| Place the film in the view box: orient a chest PA or AP, head, abdominal, and extremity film in the viewing box with the patient facing you. The patient’s Right is on your Left. Double check to avoid embarrassment. Fingers and toes point up, hands and feet oriented right on right and left on left. Lateral views typically face to your left. |
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Term
| Name the best xray for visualizing OA,AA, C1,C2 and the dens. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name best xray view for visualizing the lower C-spine intervertebral foramina. |
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Definition
Oblique views.
(In a left anterior oblique view (LAO), the L intervertebral foramina will be imaged. In the RAO view, the R intervertebral foramina will be imaged. In a Left posterior oblique (LPO), the R intervertebral foramina are imaged and in a RPO the L intervertebral foramina can be observed.) |
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Term
| Best xray to visualize the lower C-spine and L-spine disk height |
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Definition
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Term
| Best xray view to visualize L-spine intervertebral foramina. |
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Definition
Lateral View
In the lumbar spine, the intervertebral foramina are observed well in the lateral view whereas the facet joints can be observed well in the oblique view. |
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Term
| Best xray view to visualize the angle of inclination of the hip |
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Definition
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Term
| Best xray to visualize genu valgus or varus at the knee |
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Definition
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Term
| Best xray to visualize the ankle mortise |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the common radiographic view for the scapula. |
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Definition
| AP and Lateral (“scapular Y”) views. |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the humerus. |
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Definition
AP view & Lateral view (med to lat beam w/
elbow flexed) |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the elbow |
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Definition
| AP (anatomical position), Lateral (elbow at 90°) and Oblique views |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the forearm |
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Definition
| Usually an AP (in anatomical position) and Lateral view (pt's elbow flexed to 90o). |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the wrist/hand |
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Definition
| Usually a PA, Lateral, and Oblique; Generally viewed and examined with fingers pointing up. |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the hip |
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Definition
| AP of the bilateral pelvis and hips. Also a Unilateral AP view. Lateral (frog leg) view with hip in FABER. |
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Term
| Name the common xray for the knee |
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Definition
| Usually AP, Lateral, & an Axial view of the patellofemoral joint. |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the ankle |
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Definition
| Typically up to 6 views: AP, AP mortise, Lateral, Oblique, AP with inversion stress, and AP with eversion stress. |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the foot |
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Definition
| Normally dorsoplanar (AP), Lateral, and Oblique views are obtained. |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the C-spine |
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Definition
| Usually 5 views: Lateral, AP open mouth, AP lower C-spine, R Oblique and L Oblique (obliques could be anterior or posterior approach, depends on facility). |
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Term
| Name the common xray view for the L-spine |
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Definition
| Usually AP, Lateral, and R & L Oblique views. |
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Term
| Name the best xray view for the chest |
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Definition
| Usually PA, AP, and/or Lateral views? |
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Term
| Name the best xray view for the shoulder girdle |
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Definition
| Glenohumeral Joint, Acromioclavicular joint and Scapula |
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Term
| What does ABCS stand for in xray? |
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Definition
| Alignment, Bone Density, Cartilage space, Soft Tissues |
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