Term
| what are the two ways 02 is carried in the blood? |
|
Definition
| O2 can either be dissolved or bound to hemeoglobin |
|
|
Term
| what is the fick equation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ca02 = (1.34 x HB x Sa02)+(.003 x P02) |
|
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Term
| values for HB within the tansport equation |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| values for Sa02 within the transport equation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| percent bound to hemeoglobin |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The amount of dissolved 02 in the blood is proportional to..... |
|
Definition
| The pressure of oxygen (times) the Solubility (.003 x 100) |
|
|
Term
| How many binding sites does 1 hemeoglobin have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many heme groups? what are they? |
|
Definition
| 2 alpha, 2 beta, there are 4 heme groups |
|
|
Term
| what does ferrous state mean? |
|
Definition
| normal state not binded with oxygen |
|
|
Term
| whole blood carries ____ more oxygen at a P02 o 100 than does plasma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1 gram of hemeoglobin combinds with how much oxygen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is methemeoglobin? (2 answers) |
|
Definition
| formed during the transformation of oxyhemeoglobin. It is the byproduct of the binding with oxygen |
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|
Term
| 02 containing form is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is HB the reduced form or the oxygen form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Hb03 the reduced form or the oxygen form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 02 saturation of hemeoglobin (transport equation) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is the Sa02 = to 97% and not 100% |
|
Definition
| shunts, V/Q missmatch, diffusion limitations, hypoventilation |
|
|
Term
| mixed venous blood with a p02 of 40 is about? (percent) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| unoxygenated form of hemeoglonbin is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What shape is the 02 dissociation curve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sequence for heme binding (4 steps) |
|
Definition
| hard, easier, easy, more diffcult |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the P02 for 50% saturation (26 mmHg) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PA02 70 - 100 mmhg, involves the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pcap = 40 mmhg, involves the tissue |
|
|
Term
| explain the functional importance of flat upper portion of the curve. why? |
|
Definition
CA02 does not change much when p02
falls to about 70 mmHg,because of V/Q missmatch, hypoventilation, and low ambient P02. |
|
|
Term
| the Hb02 curve can be affected in 2 ways |
|
Definition
1. change in position (P50)
2. change of the shape of the curve due to diseases. (Hills N) |
|
|
Term
| where is myoglobin found? |
|
Definition
| in the muscle, storage form of oxygen. |
|
|
Term
| what is the effect of myoglobin within the 02 transport? |
|
Definition
| accepts 02 readily but releases it only at low P02.unsuited for 02 transport in the blood, but useful in skeletal muscle. |
|
|
Term
| explain carboxyhemoglobin |
|
Definition
| CO produced by incomplete combustion, binds at same site, forms caroxyhemeoglobin (COHb), 250 x greater than 02, small amounts can interfere with binding, uses up binding sites, shifts curve to the left (decreases the P50), decreases oxygen delivery. |
|
|
Term
| Hb02 curve : shift to the right means... |
|
Definition
| decreased infinty, reduces the quantity of 02 that can be taken up |
|
|
Term
| steep portion of the curve (values) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hb02 curve: shift to the left |
|
Definition
| increase in infinity, increase in binding of 02 to hemeoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| what else is the effect on H+ called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hydrogen ions have a greater affinity for oxyhemeoglobin or reduced hemeoglobin (Hb)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| incresed H+ means incresed or decreased PH? |
|
Definition
| decresed PH (more acidic) |
|
|
Term
| decreased H+ mean increased or decreased PH |
|
Definition
| increase in PH (more basic) |
|
|
Term
| curve shifts to the right or left with increased H+ or PC02? |
|
Definition
| curve shifts to the right |
|
|
Term
| increaed temp shifts the curve to the right or left? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| decreased temp shifts curve to the lefts or right? |
|
Definition
| left shift, favors association with 02 and Hb |
|
|
Term
| what is the standard DPG? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increased 2,3 DPG shifts curve to the right or left? |
|
Definition
| shifts curve to the right |
|
|
Term
| 2,3 DPG binds with Hb or Hb02 better? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| end product of red cell metabolsim |
|
|
Term
| what happens when 2,3 DGP is stored after blood transfusions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2,3 DPG increases or decrease in hypoxemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2,3 DPG increases or decrease in chronic hypoxia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2,3 DPG increases or decrease when blood (H ion +) decreases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal adult hemeoglobin is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal adult hemeoglobin is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fetal hemeoglobin, as a greater infinty for 02, shifts curve to the left. |
|
|
Term
| change the shape of the curve has what type of effect? |
|
Definition
| a negative effect on 02 transport, increase in infinity, and decrease in unloading perfomance. |
|
|
Term
anemia
breathing does not regulate _______ |
|
Definition
| hemeoglobin concentration, curve moves down to reflect the reduction in 02 capacity. it does not effect saturation but 02 content |
|
|
Term
anemia
breathing does not regulate _______ |
|
Definition
| hemeoglobin concentration, curve moves down to reflect the reduction in 02 capacity. it does not effect saturation but 02 content |
|
|
Term
polycythemia
causes an increase______ |
|
Definition
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