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| gave king guardianship/ parens patriae |
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| children forced to work for wealthy families, who in turn taught them trade, and farming |
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| believed that a childs environment could make them "bad" |
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| model of individual diagnosis and individual treatment |
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| federal government passed in 1938 |
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| 4 d's of juvenile justice system |
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| deinstitutionalization, diversion, due process, decriminalization |
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| uses punnishment or the threat of other sanctions either formal or informal to prevent future law breaking by showing that there are concequences. |
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| one to one interviews, surveys, and anonymous questioners |
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| youth are not arrested, they are.... |
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| in custody (not crimilizing children) |
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| trial (key is that is ends in -tion) |
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| convicted (key is the -ed) |
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| refers to a difference but not necessarily involving discrimination |
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| refers to unfair treatment of a specific group |
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| juvenile court act passed in |
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| makes status offenses noncriminal acts |
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| requires that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property |
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| the judicial process wherein young people who come into conflict with the law are held responsible and accountable for their n behavior |
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| uses punishment or the threat of other sanctions either formal or informal to prevent future law breaking by showing there are consequences to aberrant behavior |
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| or just deserts is a concept of punishment as a kind of justified revenge |
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| the rules of conduct that are the same everywhere because they are basic to human behavior |
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| where free independent individuals agree to form a community and give up a portion of there individual freedom to benefit the security of the group |
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| holds that individual within a society agree on basic values |
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| suggests that laws are established to keep the dominant class in power |
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| says humans are responsible for there own actions |
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| consequence for criminal activity |
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| says that humans are shaped by their own society and are the products of environmental and culture influences |
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| views human behaviors as the product of multiple environmental and cultural influences rather than a single factor |
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| the degree to which genetic influence traits or behaviors |
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| argues that crime and delinquency are products of conscious decisions made by individuals who rationally weigh, in advance, the costs and benefits of there illegal behavior |
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| sometimes called victimization theory because it includes in it an element of culpability |
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| biosocial perspective of crime and delinquency |
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| hold that propensity for criminal behavior is heritable and interacts with the environment, a theory supported by evidence derived from a variety of studies |
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| explaining crime contend that individual differences in thinking or emotion regulation can explain why some people commit crime and others do not |
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| include social disorganization, functionalism, anomie, or strain theory and social control theories |
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| suggests that ecological conditions predicted delinquency and that gang membership is a normal response to social conditions |
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| social disorganization theory |
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| contended that urban areas produced delinquency directly by weakening community controls |
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crime and deviance serve several "greater" purposes for society like:
promoting social solidarity
clarifying and maintaining social boundaries |
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