Term
| Command To Display Primary Syslog File |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are ICMP errors (TTL, etc) handled? |
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Definition
| The PFE (Packet Forwarding Engine) |
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Term
| Name characteristics of the Interior Link |
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Definition
| Rate Limited to protect from DDoS, Non-Configurable |
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Term
| Name 3 Major Functions of the Routing Engine. |
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Definition
Maintains routing and forwarding tables.
Controls and monitors chassis.
Manages the PFE. |
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Term
| What provides the CLI and the J-Web GUI? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the Major Functions of the PFE |
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Definition
Uses layer 2 and layer 3 forwarding tables, provided by the RE.
Stateless Firewall Filtering implementation.
Class Of Service implementation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Traffic that enters a port, is forwarded by the PFE, and is sent towards a destination out another port. Never reaches control plane. May be both unicast and multicast. |
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Term
| What is exception traffic? |
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Definition
| Traffic headed to local system, and gets processed by RE. Includes routing updates, icmp errors, and IP packets with IP Option Fields. |
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Term
| What are the three major Junos OS platform categories? |
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Definition
| Switching, Routing, and Security. |
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Term
| What are the Junos Routing Device Series? |
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Definition
| PTX, ACX, MX, T, M, LN. (Please Allow MaX To Make LiNes). |
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Term
| What are the Junos Switching Device Series? |
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Definition
| EX, QFX (EXcellent Question) |
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Term
| What are the Junos Security Device Series? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Application-specific intregrate circuits. Used by the PFE to increase performance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Graceful Routing Engine Switchover. Allows platforms with multiple Routing Engines to continue functioning if one fails. |
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Term
| What architecture is the RE based on? |
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Definition
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Term
| What source code is Junos based on? Do all platforms use the same source code base? |
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Definition
| FreeBSD Unix, an open source system. All platforms use the same source code base. |
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Term
| Describe protected memory in the Junos OS. |
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Definition
| Each process runs in a protected memory space, ensuring one process cannot interfere with another. When a single process fails, the entire system does not necessarily fail. Also allows features to be added with less probablity to break the existing system. |
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Term
| Name advantages of the Junos OS. |
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Definition
| Protected memory space allows for a more stable system, also decreases likelyhood of new features causing system instability. |
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Term
| What are the primary functions of control plane and forwarding plane? |
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Definition
| Control plane maintains routing intelligence, controls and monitors chassis, and manages PFE. The forwarding plane forwards packets and implements advanced services. |
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Term
| How are transit and exception traffic handled? |
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Definition
| Transit is handled in the PFE, exception is locally processed by the platform and may be handled by the PFE or RE depending on traffic type. Hostbound traffic is handled by the RE. |
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Term
| What are the console port settings? |
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Definition
| RJ-45 RS-232 @ 9600 Bps. 8/1/N (non configurable) |
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Term
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Definition
| A GUI through HTTP or HTTPS. |
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Term
| What users are configured by default? |
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Definition
| Only the root user, without any password. |
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Term
| What is the factory-default hostname? |
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Definition
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Term
| What unix commands may be executed as root? |
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Definition
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Term
| When logged in as root user, what command enters the CLI? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name some Operational mode functions. |
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Definition
Set system date/time. Monitor and Tshoot software, network connectivity, and hardware.
Monitor, Ping, Show, Test, Traceroute commands.
Identified by the ">" symbol.
Copy Files |
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Term
| Name some Configuration mode functions. |
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Definition
| Configure all properties of the OS, such as interfaces, protocols, some system properties, and user access. |
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Term
| What command provides very detailed help? |
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Definition
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Term
| What command displays summary info for referenced config statement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Help Apropos do? |
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Definition
| displays contexts that reference a specific variable. Only displays contexts relevant to the heirarchy level you are at. |
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Term
| How can you disable command completion? |
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Definition
| Set Cli complete-on-space off |
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Term
| What does the "Run" command do? |
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Definition
| Allows operational mode commands when in configuration. |
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Term
| What are the maximum number of rollback configurations by default? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the effect of "configure exclusive" |
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Definition
| Only allows a single user to edit the configuration. Uncommitted changes will always be discarded when command is used. |
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Term
| In Private Configuration, what happens if two users make competing changes? The same change? |
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Definition
| If the changes are different, the first users commit will succeed, the second user will get a warning. If the changes are the same, the second commit will fail with an error message. |
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Term
| What causes the "configure private" command to become automated? |
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Definition
| Chassis clustering in effect. |
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Term
| What is an easy way to differentiate configuration files and terminating statements? |
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Definition
Config files use {}
Terminating statements use ; |
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Term
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Definition
| Issuing "Set FTP" in configuration under "system services" |
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Term
| What command acts like "Undo" or "remove"? |
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Definition
| Delete, may be used with wildcard. |
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Term
| What does the "deactivate" command do? |
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Definition
| Causes part of a configuration to be ignored, but not deleted. |
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Term
| What command is good for reordering firewall filters? |
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Definition
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Term
| What command ads a comment to a configuration statement? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where can the commit command be issued? |
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Definition
| Anywhere, unless in configure private, in which case it must be issued at "top" |
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Term
| What command is good for committing on devices with multiple REs? |
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Definition
| Commit synchronize and Set System Commit Synchronize |
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Term
| How can a candidate configuration syntax be checked before commiting? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a good way to check for logical errors when commiting? |
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Definition
| Issue "commit confirmed X", which causes a rollback to happen if not confirmed within X minutes, X default being 10. |
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Term
| How can you schedule, view, and clear commits? |
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Definition
| the "commit at XXXX", "show system commit", and "clear system commit" commands. |
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Term
| How can you compare candidate and active configs? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you compare active and historical configs? |
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Definition
| show config | compare (filename/rollback X) |
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Term
| How can you compare arbitrary files? |
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Definition
| file compare files (file 1) (file 2) |
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Term
| How can you restore a previous config? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you change default number of rollbacks? |
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Definition
| "set max-configurations-on-flash ?" to determine max configs and set limit. |
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Term
| Where can the save command be issued? |
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Definition
| anywhere in config mode, but only saves from current heirarchy down. saves to users working directory by default (ie: var/home/nancy) |
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Term
| What modes exist within the Junos OS? |
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Definition
| Operational, Config, and the UnixBSD shell |
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Term
| What keystrokes complete commands and user defined variables? |
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Definition
| Space completes commands, Tab completes commands and user defined variables. |
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Term
| What command returns to the top of the hierarchy quickest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What command displays differences between candidate and active configs? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is syslog enabled by default? |
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Definition
| All factory-default configs have syslogging enabled. |
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Term
| What are the basics of factory default configurations? |
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Definition
| Include syslog, allow access through root with no password, contain extra parameters that are platform dependant. |
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Term
| What command loads a factory default config? |
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Definition
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Term
| What must be done before a change to a factory default configuration can be commited? |
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Definition
| Root authentication must be configured with "set root-authentication plain-text-password" |
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Term
| What must be done if a configured device running Junos OS loses power? |
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Definition
| Nothing, it will power on by itself when power is restored? |
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Term
| What should be done before shutting off power to a Junos OS device? |
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Definition
| The command "request system halt" should be issued. You may need to ammend "both-routing-engines" or "all-members" depending on network and devices. Failure to issue command may leave device unable to boot. |
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Term
| What are the main configurations of an Initial Configuration? |
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Definition
Set root password
Hostname
System time
Remote access protocols (ftp, telnet, ssh, etc)
Management interface and static route for management traffic. |
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Term
| What are the password restrictions? |
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Definition
| All passwords must be 6 characters minimum and include a change of case, digits, or punctuation. |
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Term
| What does the "Amnesiac" hostname indicate? |
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Definition
| A factory-default configuration |
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Term
| Under what circumstances does junos display a password in plain text? |
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Definition
| Junos will NEVER display a plain text password. |
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Term
| What command sets the time zone and current date? |
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Definition
"set time-zone America/Los_angeles"
"RUN set date YYYYMMDDHHMM.SS" |
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Term
| What is the default timeout for an individual CLI session? |
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Definition
A cli session never times out by default.
Set a timeout with the "set cli idle_timeout XX" command, with X being between 0 and 100,000 minutes. |
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Term
| What command sets the login message? |
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Definition
| "set login message "insert login message here" " |
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Term
| What is recommend practice for setting a management interface? |
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Definition
| Be as specific as possible. The "no-readvertise" command marks the route as ineligible for routing updates. |
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Term
| What static routes are set when junos devices boots? |
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Definition
Junos devices do not boot with the routing protocol process running. Because static routes require it to be running, junos boots with NO static or default routes.
A backup router must be configured to ensure the device is reachable if the routing protocol process fails to start. |
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Term
| How are backup routers configured? |
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Definition
| at [edit system], issue the "backup router" statement. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of a rescue config and how is it set up? |
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Definition
A rescue config is a special form of rollback defined by the user. It is a known-good configuration that is used in case of catastrophic screw-ups.
issue the "request system configuration rescue save" command to create the rescue config. Access it with "rollback rescue" |
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Term
| What is a multifield classifier |
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Definition
| A firewall filters match conditions |
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Term
| How are interfaces named? |
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Definition
| Interface media type-Linecard#/PICslot #/Port # |
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Term
| Which Junos OS internal interfaces are configurable? |
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Definition
| No internal interfaces are configurable. They consist of gre, mtun, ipap, and tap. |
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Term
| In the policer, how are max bandwith and burst size measure? |
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Definition
| Max bandwith is bits, burst size is bytes. |
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