Term
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Definition
| Of every three children born in the nineteenth century, this many died very young. |
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Term
| epidemics (or contagious diseases) |
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Definition
| Leading cause of death during most of the 1800s |
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Term
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Definition
| Pasteur showed that these caused disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pasteur developed a vaccine against this disease passed by animal bites. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scientific advances, not a rising birthrate, caused the rapid growth of this. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical technique that greatly advanced when it became less painful |
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Term
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Definition
| Person who established professional nursing care for wounded soldiers |
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Term
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Definition
| English soldier who developed inoculation |
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Term
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Definition
| The first European vaccine prevented this disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| French chemist who studied bacteria and disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease similar to smallpox used to make a vaccine for smallpox |
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Term
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Definition
| Two pain-relieving drugs discovered for medical use in the 1840s |
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Term
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Definition
| In the mid-1800s, patients who survived surgery often died of this. |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural process made much safer by the use of antiseptics in hospitals |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures such as water purification that greatly reduced disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Antiseptics greatly reduced infection in these effects of war. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of heating liquids to kill bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| Country where inoculation was practiced in the 400s |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that allowed great advances in surgery |
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Term
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Definition
| English surgeon who developed a method of reducing bacterial infections |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemicals used to kill germs that caused infection |
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Term
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Definition
| German who isolated the germs that cause tuberculosis and cholera |
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Term
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Definition
| Population shifted away from this region in the 1800s |
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Term
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Definition
| People began moving out of inner cities to these areas in the late 1800s. |
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Term
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Definition
| Children legally belonged to this parent during most of the 1800s |
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Term
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Definition
| One reason people lived longer after 1850; there was more of this basic staple available. |
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Term
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Definition
| Widespread condition of being unable to read and write |
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Term
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Definition
| Number, in millions, of people who left Europe for the U.S. between 1870 and 1900 |
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Term
| economic conditions and minority oppression |
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Definition
| Two major reasons for emigration |
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Term
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Definition
| Railroad cars designed to transport meat, fruit, and vegetables |
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Term
| voting and holding public office |
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Definition
| Parts of public life from which women were barred |
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Term
| the American and French Revolutions |
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Definition
| 18th-century French and U.S. events that made it seem important for all citizens to be educated |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of schooling first offered to French and U.S. citizens |
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Term
| local (or state) government |
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Definition
| Level of government that controlled school systems in the U.S. |
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Term
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Definition
| Level of government that controlled school systems in Western Europe |
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Term
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Definition
| Women first gained some independence because of these. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reform laws limited the working hours of these people. |
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Term
| widespread literacy (or education) |
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Definition
| Mass publication of reading materials was made possible by this. |
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Term
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Definition
| U.S. state that allowed women the right to vote in 1869 |
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Term
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Definition
| Country that allowed women the vote in 1893 |
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Term
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Definition
| After 1870 education became this, by law. |
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Term
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Definition
| English romantic poet who died in the Greek struggle for independence |
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Term
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Definition
| Growing sentiment that led authors to write about their own countries |
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Term
| the Grimm brothers (Jakob nd Wilhelm) |
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Definition
| Germans who collected their country's fairy tales |
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Term
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Definition
| American author of the fantastic, supernatural, and mysterious |
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Term
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Definition
| Tolstoy's monumental novel detailing the realities of war |
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Term
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Definition
| English poet who wrote "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" |
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Term
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Definition
| Two major English romantic poets known for their odes |
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Term
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Definition
| Scottish novelist who wrote about the days of knighthood |
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Term
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Definition
| Giant of German literature, noted for being a poet, novelist, and playwright |
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Term
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Definition
| U.S. novelist who idealized American Indians and the frontier |
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Term
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Definition
| Realistic Norwegian dramatist |
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Term
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Definition
| Noble English poet who expressed Victorian values |
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Term
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Definition
| English naturalistic author of The Return of the Native |
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Term
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Definition
| Young woman who wrote the famous gothic horror novel Frankenstein |
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Term
| the Brontë Sisters (Charlotte, Emily, and Anne) |
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Definition
| Three English sisters who published novels under male pseudonyms |
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Term
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Definition
| Alexandre Dumas's three swashbuckling heroes |
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Term
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Definition
| Realistic portrayals of everyday life in different parts of the United States |
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Term
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Definition
| Realistic writers who wrote objectively about ugly and sordid aspects of life |
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Term
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Definition
| French leader of the frank and objective school of writing |
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Term
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Definition
| French novelist who wrote about a medieval hunchback |
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Term
| romanticism (or the Romantic Movement) |
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Definition
| Artistic emphasis on feeling, emotion, and imagination |
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Term
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Definition
| Artistic emphasis on showing the world as it is |
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Term
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Definition
| School of painting that explored light and color effects |
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Term
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Definition
| Center for artists from many lands |
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Term
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Definition
| German who wrote emotional, expressive symphonies |
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Term
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Definition
| Polish composer of romantic piano pieces |
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Term
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Definition
| Russian composer of melodic, emotional works such as the Nutcracker Suite |
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Term
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Definition
| Great Italian composer of Aïda and other operas |
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Term
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Definition
| Opera composer whose plots often came from German myths |
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Term
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Definition
| Great German romantic composer of the "Lullaby" |
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Term
| Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir |
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Definition
| The two best-known French Impressionists |
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Term
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Definition
| French sculptor who broke with classical traditions |
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Term
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Definition
| French artist who painted colorful, flat Tahitian scenes |
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Term
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Definition
| Dutch painter noted for intense emotions and swirling brush strokes |
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Term
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Definition
| Country whose artists dominated painting and sculpture in the 1800s |
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Term
| Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Felix Mendelssohn |
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Definition
| German composers famous for their songs (3) |
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Term
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Definition
| New musical instrument of the 1800s |
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Term
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Definition
| Hungarian composer of rhapsodies based on native folk songs and dances |
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Term
| John Constable and J.M.W. Turner |
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Definition
| Two outstanding romantic English landscape painters |
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Term
| John Constable and J.M.W. Turner |
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Definition
| Two outstanding romantic English landscape painters |
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Term
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Definition
| French postimpressionist artist who emphasized planes of color |
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Term
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Definition
| Countries whose artists dominated music in the 1800s |
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