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| Rulers of northern Indian states |
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| Hero and/or heroine of the Ramayana |
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| Major river of northeastern India |
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| Major river of northwestern India |
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| "Great" Persian ruler who briefly controlled northeastern India around 500 B.C.E. |
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| Dynasty that ruled the first great Indian empire |
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| Rulers who controlled India during a "golden age" from C.E. 320 to about 550 |
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| Feature of both Maurya and Gupta rule that ensured peace and prosperity |
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| a strong central government |
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| Plateau region of southern India conquered by Maurya forces |
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| Most honored Maurya ruler, who converted to Buddhism and promoted peace |
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| People whose kingdoms were located in the southernmost part of India |
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| First ruler of the Gupta Empire |
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| Founder, in 321 B.C.E., of the first great Indian empire |
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| Asoka's advisor, who wrote a hard-headed book on how to rule |
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| Site of renowned Buddhist monastery-university |
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| Maurya and Gupta capital city |
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| Dynasty that ruled central India in and between the Maurya and Gupta empires |
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| Greek ambassador who wrote detailed descriptions of Chandra Gupta's capital |
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| Fierce invaders who threatened northern India late in the Gupta era |
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| Indian playwright of the Gupta era |
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| Major religion of India that developed slowly over a long period of time |
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| The rebirth of the soul in another being |
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| Social class system closely woven into Hinduism |
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| Cause of human suffering, renounced by Buddha |
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| Members of lowes class in the Indian social system |
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| the Untouchables (pariahs, outcasts) |
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| According to Hinduism, the actions of a person's life that affect her or him in the next life |
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| Birth name of the founder of Buddhism |
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| State of complete happiness and peace in Buddhism |
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| The three gods of the Hindu trinity |
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| Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva |
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| Meaning of the title Buddha |
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| People largely responsible for spreading Buddhism |
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| missionaries and/or traders |
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| Characteristic of the earth proved by Indian astronomers |
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| The three essential advances in mathematics invented in India |
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| modern (Arabic) numerals, the decimal system, zero |
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| Way to protect people against communicable disease, perfected by early Indian physicians |
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| Central focus of Indian life |
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| the family (or the village) |
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| Sacred mounds said to contain remains of the Buddha |
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| Group that opposed Buddhism in India |
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| The road to enlightenment, according to Buddha |
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| Basic essence that permeates everything in the world, according to Hinduism |
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| The two major schools that Buddhism split into |
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| Massive structure built to guard against invasion |
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| System of choosing governmental officials |
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| the civil service system (or civil service exams) |
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| "Useless" items burned by the thousands by the first emperor |
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| the Huang He (Yellow River) |
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| Dynasty that replaced the Zhou dynasty and gave China its name |
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| Dynasty founded by the general Liu Bang in 202 B.C.E. that lasted for over 400 years |
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| People killed by the hundreds by the first emperor |
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| Original social status of the first Han emperor |
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| People who were forced to leave their homes and live in the empire's capital city |
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| Area to the northeast colonized by Han China |
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| Area to the south colonized by Han China |
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| high taxes, harsh laws, and/or forced labor |
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| People hired as government officials during the Han era |
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| Policy toward conquered people promoted by the Han government |
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| Emperor Liu Bang's honorable title |
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| Han "Warrior Emperor" who greatly expanded the empire |
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| Female ruler of the Han dynasty |
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| "First Emperor;" he unified China |
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| People who threatened China from the north |
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| Invention in C.E. 105 that made books more widely available |
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| China's most valuable trade item |
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| Basis of the Chinese economy |
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| The Chinese philosopher K'ung Fu-tse |
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| One-wheeled cart invented during the Han period, still used worldwide |
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| Needle-based medical treatment developed by Han era physicians |
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| Steering mechanism for ships invented by Han sailors |
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| Caravan trading route from China across central Asia to the Mediterranean area |
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| The foundation of Chinese society |
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| Institution that Confucius hoped to reform |
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| Founder of the philosophy of Daoism |
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| Religion introduced to China during the Han dynasty |
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| How the ruler should govern, according to Confucius |
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| virtuously (by good example) |
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| A son or daughter's most important duty, according to Confucius |
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| filial piety (respect for parents) |
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| to live in harmony with nature |
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| Written collection of the sayings of Confucius |
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| Belief that a ruler should enforce strict laws with harsh punishments |
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| Book that set out the philosophy of Daoism |
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| Indescribable force that governs the universe, according to Laozi |
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| China's "Grand Historian" |
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