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| Number of hills on which Rome was built |
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| The Italian peninsula extended into this sea |
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| Creature who cared for Rome's legendary twins as infants |
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| Sea on Italy's east coast |
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| Legendary twins who fought to become Rome's first king |
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| Invading people who founded Rome |
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| Northern people who took over Rome from its founders |
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| People who established city-states on islands south of Italy |
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| Etruscan method of making marshes useful |
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| Bridge-building element Latins borrowed from Etruscans |
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| Etruscan system of government |
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| River Caesar was ordered not to cross on his way back to Rome |
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| Western boundary of the Roman Empire at its height |
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| Southern boundary of the Roman Empire at its height |
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| Northern land invaded by Caesar, secured under Claudius |
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| Region north of Rome, today's France |
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| Roman Empire at its height |
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| The two rivers that were the northern boundary of the Roman Empire at its height |
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| One of Rome's two main hills |
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| Source of Etruscans' written language |
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| Roman form of government in which the citizens who voted held power |
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| Extended period of peace that Augustus brought to Rome |
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| Popular public meeting places for both men and women |
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| Popular public entertainment staged by the government |
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| Professional public fighters |
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| Rulers who held absolute power for no more than six months |
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| Joint officials who were chief executives and military leaders |
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| Rome's main public square |
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| Basic unit of the Roman army |
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| Elected officials who protected plebeians' rights |
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| Class that expanded as the large estates grew |
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| Class that was driven from the countryside to the cities |
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| Basic principles of Roman law |
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| Water-transporting systems |
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| Basic occupation of people in the Roman Empire during the peaceful years |
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| Method of succession developed during the empire |
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| Type of housing for Rome's lower classes |
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| Social and economic division that weakened both the republic and the empire |
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| Famed soldier and politician who became sole ruler and was later assassinated |
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| The day Caesar was assassinated |
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| Caesar's top general, who fell in love with Cleopatra |
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| Caesar's grandnephew and political heir |
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| "Exalted One," Octavian's new title |
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| Octavian's status as absolute ruler of the Roman Empire |
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| Emperor blamed for the Roman fire of C.E. 64 |
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| Brothers who were "reformer" tribunes |
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| Senator and general who opposed Marius and seized Rome |
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| Co-ruler defeated by Caesar in Greece |
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| One of Caesar's two close friends who became his killers |
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| The third Good emperor, who had a defensive wall built in Britain |
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| Last of the Good Emperors; a Stoic philosopher |
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| Adopted son and successor of Augustus |
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| Insane successor of Tiberius |
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| Succession of five wise and able rulers |
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| Old lawyer/ruler who adopted his successor in C.E. 96 |
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| Orator and politician who supported Pompey |
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| Conflict that broke out while Marius and Sulla were contending for power |
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| General of Carthage who invaded Italy in 218 B.C.E. |
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| Mountain range crossed by Hannibal and his troops |
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| Large animals that crossed the mountains with Hannibal |
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| New, eastern capital established by Constantine |
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| Peoples whose tribes invaded the Roman Empire |
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| Fierce Asiatic tribe that drove other tribes toward the empire |
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| Leader of the Huns; "the Scourge of God" |
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| Great commercial power that fought with Rome |
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| The wars between Rome and Carthage |
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| Geographic area where Carthage was located |
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| Roman general who defeated Hannibal |
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| Reforming ruler who divided the empire's administration into East and West |
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| Strong ruler who moved the capital to the East |
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| Tribe permitted to cross the Danube into imperial territory that later sacked Rome |
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| Germanic chief whose army sacked Rome |
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| Major political reason for Rome's fall |
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| a lack of fixed succession |
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| Major economic reason for Rome's fall |
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| expenses greater than revenues (and then inflation) |
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| Major social reason for Rome's fall |
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| moral decline/lack of patriotism |
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| Area north of Greece acquired by Rome in 148 B.C.E. |
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| The two islands to the west of Italy lost by Carthage in the First Punic War |
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| What Romans did to destroy Carthaginian land |
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| plowed salt into the fields |
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| Series of emperors enthroned and assassinated by the army |
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