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| quality of sounds, distinct from pitch |
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| physical device inserted into bell or brass to distort timbre of sounds |
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| wide range of timbres for expressive purposes |
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| slight wobble in pitch produced naturally by singing voice |
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| orchestral mute that covers bell of brass instrument |
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| standard mute that dampens brass instrument |
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| hollow mute, highly concentrated |
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| bottom end of sink plunger used as mute |
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| small mute inserted into bell |
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| depressing one of more valves of brass, only halfway |
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| quick trill between notes mimics vibrato |
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| brass, larger than trumpet |
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| flows without regular pulses |
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| beats in patterns of three |
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| simultaneous use of contrasting rhythms |
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| musician answered by another |
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| vibrations per second of sound |
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| vibrations per second of note |
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| 12 half steps within octave |
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| most common scale, do re mi |
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| pitch is bent expressively |
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| repeated melodic or rhythmic pattern |
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| slow romantic popular songs, narrates local history |
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| folk song used during work to regulate work |
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| african american religious song |
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| female singers accompanied by small band |
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| blues singer, sang with billie holliday |
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| racial makeup, jazz grew from marching and dance music |
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| slaves and free blacks gathered to dance and play music |
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| improv was essential to band success |
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| first important jazz musician, innovated new way of playing that developed into jazz |
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| collective improv, trumpet, trombone, clarinet, bass, guitar, piano |
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| former slaves moving north, brought jazz |
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| lead attraction to Creole Jazz band, spread jazz across country |
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| all white, immensely popular at first |
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| first great jazz composer, creoloe |
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| jelly roll mortons band recorded with new technology |
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| jelly roll-new orleans burial ritual |
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| jelly roll, wilder new orleans jazz |
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| blind left eye, arsenal of mutes |
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| concert halls, theaters, museums built, recording studios |
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| negro folk art and european classical |
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| led black orchestra and band, hired louis armstrong |
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| independent counter-melody |
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| songwriting factory in NEW York |
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| african american artists represented political and cultural force |
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| most important jazz composer, most widely performed jazz music today |
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| world famous rob run in Harlem, influenced ellington to create his own brand of jazz |
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| single most important figure in development of jazz, established blues scale, improv, scatt singing, repertory,rhythm |
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| armstrong, hardin, dodds, cyr, ory |
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| turned piano into solo producing instrument, similar to armstrong and trumpet |
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| white misfit cornet player, recorded with Frank Trumbauer, two most famous white jazz players |
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| tastes changed, new styles |
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| led white and black band, armstrong fronted |
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