Term
|
Definition
alpha 1
alpha 2
beta 1
beta 2
anaphylaxis
open angle glaucoma
asthma
hypotension |
|
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Term
|
Definition
alpha 1
alpha 2
beta 1
hypotension (but decreases renal perfusion) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
beta 1 = beta 2
AV block (rare) |
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Term
|
Definition
D1=D2>beta>alpha
shock (increases renal perfusion)
heart failure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
beta 1> beta 2
shock
heart failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alpha 1 > alpha 2
pupil dilation
hypotension
nasal decongestion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Alkalinize urine & dialysis |
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Anticholinesterases, organophosphates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic drugs |
|
Definition
| Physostigmine, salicylate |
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Beta blockers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lidocaine, anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+, normalize K+ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine |
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Arsenic, mercury, gold |
|
Definition
| Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer |
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Copper, arsenic, gold |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nitrite, hydroxocobalamine, thiosulfate |
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Methemoglobin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze) |
|
Definition
| Ethanol, fomepizole, dialysis |
|
|
Term
| Antidote to Benzodiazepines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antidote to tPA, streptokinase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vd=(amount of drug in body)/(amount of drug in plasma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cl=(rate of elimination)/(plasma concentration) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lodaing dose=(Target concentration)X(Vd/Bioavailability) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maintenance dose=Target concentrationX(Cl/Bioavailability) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anatomic dead space X ((alveolar PCO2 - expired PCO2)/alveolar PCO2) |
|
|
Term
| Oxygen consumption equation |
|
Definition
Fick equation
O2 consumption=(Arterial O2 - Venous O2)XCO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which leukotriene is a neutrophil chemotactic factor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which prostaglandin inhibits platelet aggregation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1st and 2nd generation histamine blockers (& tox) |
|
Definition
1st: diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine
Use: Allergy, motion sickness, sleep
Tox: Sedating, antimuscarine, anti-alpha-adrenergic
2nd: loratidine, fexofenadine, desloratadine
Use: Allergy |
|
|
Term
| Beta 2 agonists for asthma |
|
Definition
Albuterol - Acute
Salmeterol - Prophylaxis (tox tremor, arrhythmia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A methylxanthine used to treat asthma and COPD
Inhibits phosphodiesterase, causing less cAMP hydrolysis, causing bronchodilation
Also stimulates respiratory center
Metabolized by P450
Narrow therapeutic index with liver and kidney tox ("Methylxanthines methylates liver and kidney") |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of corticosteroids in asthma treatment |
|
Definition
Inhibit cytokine synthesis
Inactivates NFkB, the transcription factor that induces the production of TNF-alpha
1st line for chronic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(true pos)/(all with dz)
Probability of a positive test given that a person has dz
False negative=1-sensitivity
Not dependent on prevalence
a/(a+c) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(true negative)/(all dz free)
Probability of negative test if pt doesn't have dz
False positive=1-specificity
Not dependent on prevalence
d/(b+d) |
|
|
Term
| Positive predictive value |
|
Definition
(true positive)/(all who tested positive)
Probability of having condition given a positive test
Dependent on prevalence (higher prevalence = higher PPV)
a/(a+b) |
|
|
Term
| Negative predicitive value |
|
Definition
(true negatives)/(all who tested negative)
Probability of not having condition given neg test
Dependent on prevalence (higher prevalence = lower NPV)
d/(c+d) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(odds of having dz if exposed)/(odds of having dz if unexposed)
=Relative risk if prevalence not too high
ad/bc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(dz risk in exposed)/(dz risk in unexposed)
(a/(a+b))/(c/(c+d))
Cohort studies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vd=[amt in body]/[amt in blood] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cl=(rate of elimination)/[plasma drug] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
t1/2 = 0.7Vd/Cl
1 half-life:50%
2 half lives: 75%
3 half lives: 87.5%
4 half lives: 94% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loading dose=[desired plasma]X(Vd/Bioavail) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maintenance dose=[desired plasma]X(Cl/Bioavail) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anticholinesterases
Dx: Edrophonium
Tx: Pyridostigmine, neostigmine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"A BEAM"
Acebutolol (partial)
Betaxolol
Esmolol (short acting)
Atenolol
Metroprolol |
|
|
Term
| Anticholinesterase poisoning |
|
Definition
DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea, urination, myosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of CNS & skeletal mm, lacrimation, salivation, sweating
(Tx: pralidoxime & atropine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Cholinomimetics (carbachol, pilocarpine, physostigmine, echothiophate)
-Beta-blockers (timolol, betaxolol, carteolol)
-Alpha-agonists (epinephrine, brimonidine)
-Prostaglandin (latanoprost / PGF2alpha)
-Diuretics (acetozolomide) |
|
|
Term
| Echinacea (use, toxicity) |
|
Definition
Common cold
Tox: GI, HA, dizziness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Weight loss, allergy
Tox: CNS & cardiovascular stim (Arrhythmia, stroke, seizure) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Migraine
Tox:Mouth ulcers, anti-plt, GI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Claudication
Tox: anti-plt, axniety, insomnia, HA, GI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chronic anxiety
Tox: Phototox, dermatotox, hepatotox, ataxia, sedation, GI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Viral hepatitis
Tox: loose stools |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
BPH
Tox: Decreased libido, hypertension, GI |
|
|
Term
| St. John's Wort (use & toxicity) |
|
Definition
Depression
Tox: Phototox, serotonin syndrome, GI, inhibits P450 |
|
|
Term
| Dehydroepiandrosterone (use & toxicity) |
|
Definition
Sx improvement in women with SLE or AIDS
Tox: Androgenization (premenopausal), estrogenic effects (postmenopausal), feminization (yound men) |
|
|
Term
| Melatonin (use & toxicity) |
|
Definition
Jet lag, insomnia
Tox: Suppresses midcycle LH, hypoprolactinemia, sedation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Increased NE
Decreased GABA & 5HT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drug intoxication associated w/ nystagmus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which intoxications and withdrawls cause psychosis? |
|
Definition
Intox: Hallucinogens cocaine, alcohol, amphetamine
Withdrawl: Benzos, barbs, alcohol |
|
|
Term
| Sumatriptan mechanism, contraindication |
|
Definition
5HT1D agonist --> vasoconstriction for ~2hrs
Contraindicated in CAD or Prinzmetal's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine |
|
|
Term
| Most wide spectrum anticonvulsant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anticonvulsant for myoclonic seizures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anticonvulsant for pregnant women and children |
|
Definition
| Phenobarbital ('pregnant Barbie') |
|
|
Term
| Anticonvulsant peripheral neuropathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anticonvulsant for trigeminal neuralgia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line drug status acute epilepticus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line drug status epilepticus prophylaxis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anticonvulsant least likely to cause cognitive slowing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SLE like syndrome, nystagmus, gingival hyperplasia in kids, hyponatremia, hirsutism, ataxia, diplopia, megalobastic anemia, P450 induction |
|
|
Term
| Heterocyclic antidepressants (and mechanisms) |
|
Definition
"you have to have BUtane in your VEINs to MURder for a MAP of alcaTRAZ"
Bupropion (unknown; seizures in bulimics)
Venlafaxine (inhibit reuptake of NE, 5HT, DA; also tx GAD)
Mirtazapine (alpha antagonist that decreases the release of NE & 5HT, 5HT2 & 5HT3 rec antagonist)
Maprotiline (blocks NE reuptake)
Tranzodone (inhibits 5HT reuptake) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Coma, convulsions, cardiotoxicity |
|
|
Term
| Tricyclic w/ least anticholinergic effect |
|
Definition
| Nortriptyline (use in elderly) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
LMNOP
Lithium:
Motor (tremor), Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hypOthyroidism, Pregnancy problems (teratogenic)
Weight gain, long term kidney damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Difference between two or more percentages, frequencies, or proportions (not means) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Difference between means of 3 or more samples |
|
|
Term
| Inhaled anesthetic associated with nephrotoxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inhaled anesthetic associated with convulsions |
|
Definition
| Enflurane ("En your brain") |
|
|
Term
| Inhaled anesthetic associated with convulsions |
|
Definition
| Enflurane ("En your brain") |
|
|
Term
| Local anesthetic with severe CV tox |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brain region w/ most concentrated NE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brain region w/ most concentrated 5HT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brain region where most Ach produced |
|
Definition
| nucleus basalis of Meynert |
|
|
Term
| Neuropsych effects of lesion in frontal lobe |
|
Definition
| Mood elevation (rt), mood depression (lt), problems with motivation, concentraion, problem solving (dosolateral convexities), personality & judgement (orbitofrontal), Broca's (lt) |
|
|
Term
| Neuropsych effects of lesion in temporal lobe |
|
Definition
| Memory, psychomotor seizures, Wernicke's (lt) |
|
|
Term
| Neuropsych effects of lesion in hippocampus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neuropsych effects of lesion in amygdala |
|
Definition
| Kluver-Bucey syndrome (decreased aggression, increased sexuality, orality), decreased fear, problems interpreting facial expressions |
|
|
Term
| Neuropsych effects of lesion in parietal lobes |
|
Definition
| Poor visual-spatial, poor writing & math, can't tell from right |
|
|
Term
| Neuropsych effects of lesion in occipital |
|
Definition
| Visual hallucinations, inability to find camouflaged objects, blindness |
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