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| Queen Elizabeth I ruled from |
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| During Queen Elizabeth's reign, she |
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| Reorganized the church, improved the military position, and encouraged efforts to expand her empire |
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| England used violent tactics in its attempt to conquer and control |
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| Ireland from 1556 to 1620 |
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| What helped influence England's tactics with the Native Americans? |
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| England's attempts to conquer Ireland |
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| English privateers (pirates) who operated with the apporoval of Queen Elizabeth |
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| What did the leading "sea dog" do? |
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| He circumnavigated the globe in 1580, was a leader in stopping the Spanish Armada and considered a pirate by Spain, who put a price on his head |
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| Formed by Phillip II in result to English piracy and in 1588, the Spanish attempted to invade England through the English Channel but because of England's better ships, cannons, and men they beat the Spanish. A storm then destroyed the rest of the ships. This was called the Protestant Wind. England then began to explore America |
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| Who formed Roanoke and where was it? |
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| Sir Walter Raleigh on the coast of North Carolina |
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| An unsuccessful English colony that was first settled in 1585 and a second time in 1587 and these people were gone in 1589. |
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| When did Queen Elizabeth die and who took over? |
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| In 1603 and James I of Scotland took over and supported colonization. |
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| When was Jamestown founded and where? |
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Definition
| In 1607 in the Chesapeake Bay area of Virginia |
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| What economic theory was used by England in the 1600s and 1700s? |
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| What were the goals of the mercantilistic theory? |
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| Accumulate as much wealth as possible and try to establish colonies to increase wealth and use them |
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| What were the 2 uses of colonies? |
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To provide raw materials for the manufacturers of the home country
To provide markets for the manufactured goods from the home country |
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| What is a joint-stock company? |
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| Company where investors pooled money to share the risk and possibly share the rewards of expensive, risky projects, such as establishing colonies |
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| a colony that was established by a charter from a king |
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| First successful, permanent English colony that was established by the Virginia Company of London in 1607 in a swampy coastal area along the James River |
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| They didn't want to work, they had conflict with the Powhatan, they got sick from mosquitoes, parasites, disease, and salt poisoning |
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| Adventurer and mercenary who helped the Jamestown colony survive with his leadership. He reduced conflicts with the Powhatan and he demanded that colonists work if they wanted food |
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| Group of American Indians in the Chesapeake region who were led by Chief Powhatan |
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| Powhatan princess who worked with John Smith to help Jamestown survive. She married John Rolfe and died from a disease from England |
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1609-1610
Harsh time for Jamestown when there was a lack of planning and farming, lack of supply from England, and Powhatan attempts to starve the English. The colonists ate dogs, cats, show leather, and sometimes human meat |
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| In June of 1610, the remaining colonists started a return trip to England and on the way out they were intercepted by Baron De La Warr and they were told to return to the colony. He used Irish tactics against the Powhatan by destroying their crops and villages |
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| What was the cash crop of Jamestown? |
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| Man who saved Jamestown by developing a new strain of tobacco in 1614 by mixing American and West Indies plants. He married Pocahontas and brought temporary peace between the Powhatan and Jamestown |
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| Poor Englishmen who came to America and worked for 7 years in exchange for transportation to America and after the 7 years, they were free |
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| System where a landowner brought a worker to Virginia and they would receive 50 acres of land and this made some landowners richer after they brought in more workers |
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| First Africans visited Virginia in 1619 from a Dutch ship |
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| Virginia House of Burgesses |
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| The first legislative body in English America that was formed in 1619 and its representatives were landowners |
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| Between 1609 and 1613, war between the English and Powhatan. After Pocahontas' death in 1622, there was a deadly suprise attack and an attempt to drive English out. In 1644, the English defeated the Powhatan |
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| In 1625, James I dissolved the charter and made it a royal colony to get the profit from tobacco |
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| In 1675-1676, Poor virginians on the frontier who were former indentured servants asked the gov. to help defeat the Indians. Gov. Berkeley and gov. refused to help. Nathanial Bacon formed a militia and marched to Jamestown and fighting broke out and the town was burned and gov ran away. Nathanial died of dysentary and the Rebellion fell apart. Berkeley executed the rebels and the King recalled him and Virginia realized that they must help everyone |
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