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| enables the user to control numbers, manipulating them in various ways. the software can manage budgeting, investment management, business projections, grade books, scientific simulations, check books, financial planning and speculations, and other tasks involving numbers |
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| the intersection of a row and column on the grid of a spreadsheet |
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| a function of a spreadsheet software that enables users to change the appearance of the contents of a cell |
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| along with columns, comprise the grid of a spreadsheet-numbers |
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| along with rows, comprise the grid of a spreadsheet |
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| in a spreadsheet, the location of a cell, determined by row number and column number |
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| a rectangular block of cells |
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| in a spreadsheet, a text entry that provides information on what a column or row represents |
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| the numbers that are the raw material used by spreadsheet software to perform calculations |
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| a predefined set of calculation, such as SUM and AVERAGE in spread sheet software |
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| step-by-step procedure for calculating a number on a spreadsheet |
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| custom-designed embedded procedure program that automates tasks in application programs |
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| automatic replication of values, labels, and formulas, a feature of spreadsheet software |
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| a spreadsheet capability that allows for easy correction of errors and makes it easy to try out different values while searching for solutions |
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| a spreadsheet document that appears on the screen as a grid of numbered rows and columns |
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| the equivalent of spelling and grammar checkers for calculations that help users check complex worksheets for consistency of entries and formula logic |
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| a feature of spreadsheet software that allows speculation by providing instant answers to hypothetical questions |
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| a link between worksheets in a spreadsheet that ensures that a change in one worksheet is reflected in the other |
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| a reference in a spreadsheet to a specific cell address |
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| a reference to a spreadsheet cell in relation to the current cell |
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| a round pie-shaped chart with slices that show the relative proportions of the parts to a whole |
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| a chart that shows trends or relationships over time, or a relative distribution of one variable through another |
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| a chart that shows relative values with bars, appropriate when data falls into a few categories |
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| stacked bars to show how proportions of a whole change over time |
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| discovers a relationship between two variables |
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| use of computers to make models in a simulation |
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| a computer model of a real life situation used to see how a model responds under certain conditions |
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| in a computer simulation, the user and computer responding to data from each other |
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| the instructions that tell the hardware what to do to transform input and output |
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| software that is free for the trying, with a send payment-if-you-keep-it honor system |
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| free software that is not copyrighted, offered through world wide web sites, electronic bulletin boards, user groups, and other sources |
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| software that must be purchased through commercial channels and is copyrighted |
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| software that can be distributed and modified freely by users; linux is the best known example |
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| software packages that include several applications designed to work well together |
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| an agreement allowing the use of a software program on a single machine |
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| license for multiple copies or removing restrictions on software copying and use at a network site |
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| a software help agent that walks the user through a complex process |
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| in desktop publishing, professionally designed empty documents that can be adapted to specific user needs. in spreadsheet software, worksheets that contain labels and formulas but no data values. the template produces instant answers when you fill in the blanks |
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| the look and feel of the computing experience from a human point of view |
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| user interface that requires the user to type text commands on a command-line to communicate with the operating system |
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| user interface that enables users to choose commands from onscreen list called menus |
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| GUI (graphical user interface) |
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| a user interface based on graphical displays. with a mouse, the user points to icons that represents files, folders, and disks. documents are displayed in windows. the user selects commands from menus |
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| speech recognition software |
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| the identification of spoken words and sentences by a computer, making it possible for voice input to be converted into text files |
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| a system of programs that performs a variety of technical operations, providing an additional layer of insulation between the user and the bits-and-bytes world of computer hardware |
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| software that serves as tools for doing system maintenance and some repairs that are not automatically handled by the operating system |
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| eliminating fragmented files by changing the assignment of blusters to files |
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| the process of reducing the size of a file so that you can fit more files into the same amount of disk space |
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| the process of saving data-especially for data recovery. many systems automatically back up data and software onto disks or tapes |
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| malicious software, especially destructive programs such as viruses, worms, and Trojan horses devised and spread by computer saboteurs |
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| the illegal duplication of copyrighted software |
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| a personal computer designed to be set up on a desk or table and used in that place for an extended period of time |
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| a flat-screen, battery-powered portable computer that you can rest on your lap |
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| PDA(personal digital assistant) |
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| a pocket-sized computer used to organize appointments, tasks, notes, contacts, and other personal information. sometimes called hand held computer or palmtop computer. many PDAs include additional software and hardware for wireless communication |
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| device for accepting input, such as a keyboard, mouse, microphone, or scanner |
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| device for sending information from the computer, such as a monitor, printer, speakers, or projectors |
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| part of the computer that processes information, performs arithmetic calculations, and makes basic decisions based on information values |
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| the circuit board that contains a computer's CPU. also called a system board |
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| an external device, such as a keyboard or monitor, connected via cables to the system central processing unit |
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| stores programs and the data they need to be instantly accessible to the CPU |
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| RAM (random access memory) |
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| memory that stores program instructions and data temporarily |
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| memory that includes permanent information only. the computer can only read information from it; it can never write any new information on it |
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| billions of clock cycles per second, a measurement of computer's clock speed |
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| binary digit, the smallest unit of information. a bit can have two values: 0 or 1 |
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| about 100 bytes of information |
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| approx 100k or 1 million bytes |
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| approx 1 million Megabytes |
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| ASCII(American standard code for information interchange) |
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| a code that represents characters as 8-bit codes. allows the binary computer to work with letters, digits, and special characters |
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Definition
| a 65,000 character set for making letters, digits, and special characters fit into the computer's binary circuitry |
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| OCR (optical character recognition) |
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Definition
| locating and identifying printed characters embedded in an image, allowing the text to be stored as an editable document. OCR can be performed by wand readers, pen scanners, and OCR software |
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| OMR (optical mark reader) |
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Definition
| a reading device that uses reflected light to determine the location of pencil marks on standardized test answer sheets and similar forms |
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Definition
| a reading tool that uses light to read universal product codes, inventory codes, and other codes created out of patterns of variable-width bars |
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| RFID (radio frequency identification) reader |
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Definition
| a reading tool that uses radio waves to communicate with RFID tags |
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Definition
| a device that, when energized by a nearby RFID reader, broadcasts information to the reader for input into a computer |
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| the science of designing work environments that enable people and things to interact efficiently and safely |
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| software used mainly to produce print publications. also, the process of using desktop-publishing software to produce publications |
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| in desktop publishing, software used to combine various source documents into a coherent, visually appealing publication |
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| in desktop publishing, the articles, chapters, drawings, maps, charts, and photographs that are to appear in the publication. usually produced with standard word processors and graphics programs |
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| the space between letter pairs in a document |
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| the space between lines of text |
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| the relatively easy use of a single color (or sometimes two to add interest to a desktop publishing product |
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| a desktop-published document that uses a wide range of color. contrast with spot color |
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| typeset-quality pages, ready to be photographed and printed |
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| in desktop publishing, the pages that control the general layout of the document |
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| PDF (portable document format) |
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| alllows documents of all types to be stored, viewed, or modified on any windows or Macintosh computer, making it possible for many organizations to reduce paper flow |
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| a standard formalized by Microsoft for specifying the format of documents |
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| a hand held device that displays digital representations of the contents of the books |
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