Term
| Bridal costume and meaning (Scandinavia) |
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Definition
| while the bride traditionally wears a white or silver wedding gown, and a silver or silver and gold crown; the crown will be small spoon-shaped bangles, when the bride moves her head the bangles produce a melodic tinkling music, Norwegian tradition hold that the music from the bride's bangls will ward off evil spirits. |
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Term
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Definition
| Norwegian law passed in 1915 that gave the unmarried mother the right to give the child the father's surname. |
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Term
| Denmark wedding tradition |
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Definition
| a couple can be married at a registry or in a church, a civil marriage ceremony is performed by a register or another public offical in your municipal authority; a church marriage ceremony is performed by a priest from the Danish National Church or an alternative religious community where the priest has the power to marry couples. |
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Term
| Extent of government payment for education |
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Definition
| education is free up through the university level |
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Term
| Intervention of Nazi deportation of Jews to internment camps |
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Definition
| when the Nazis invaded Denmark the citizens helped the Jews in the country escape and seek refuge in Sweden. |
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Term
| Mythological god of Norsemen: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| existing in rural areas during the 18th and 19th centuries, at the time of young man would visit a young woman in the evening and stay overnight, but the system did not allow him o go under the blanket. If she liked him and he liked here, he could be welcome the next week. |
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Term
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Definition
| no fault divorce is an option in cases such as depression and suicide, climate and location, and being in a welfare state. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Significance of the Battle of Stamford: |
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Definition
| the battle of Stamford Bridge marked the end of the Viking era. |
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Term
| Smallest of the Scandinavian Countries |
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Definition
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Term
| Ancient Greek attitude toward homosexuality |
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Definition
| most widespread and socially significant form of close same-sex relaitons in ancient Greece was between adult men and adolescent boys. Was practically a rite of passage |
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Term
| Ancient wedding customs (Spartan) |
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Definition
| non-ceremonial event; women abducted at night by her suitor; her head was shaved; made to wear men's clothing and lie on straw pallet in the dark; after she would meet husband for procreation; she would become a women through marriage |
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Term
| Ancient wedding customs (Athens) |
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Definition
| father of the bride selects the groom (criteria included wealth, status and physical prowess); average of bride 13 of groom 30; celebration of "gamos" was held in honor of the passing of the girl from her father to her husband. |
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Term
| Bridal headgear in Greece |
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Definition
| the Greek bridge wore a veil of yellow or red which represented fire, the brightly colored veil was designed to protect her from evil spirits and demons. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Sparta |
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Definition
| focus on obedience and war; freed the slaves if they went into military service; serious warriors; women in Sparta expected to be ale to protect themselves. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Athens |
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Definition
| Was the center for creativity and education; two class system in athens: citizens and slaves |
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Term
| Divorce rate compared to other nations in Greece |
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Definition
| increasing, but still lower number in one parent families compared to the rest of the EU |
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Term
| Extended family livng arrangements in Greece |
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Definition
| close contact with family members is still values by the Greek children, parents, and other extended family. |
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Term
| Family values and traditions in Greece |
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Definition
| strong family ties; paternalistic families; children are valued; family problems should be handled by the family. |
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Term
| Female education in Sparta |
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Definition
| Spartan women were taught to read and write. |
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Term
| Female education in Athens |
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Definition
| from birth the young girl was not expected to learn to read or write, they were taught spinning and sewing. Some learned to read in school or at home, they learned important household skills, learned simple facts of Greek mythology, religion and occasional musical instruments. |
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Term
| Importance of circling the table 3 times in Greek wedding ceremony |
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Definition
| circling=eternity, three= Father, Son and Holy Spirit. |
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Term
| Marriage customs in Greece |
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Definition
-rings: symbolizes an unbreakable bond, both are blessed over the head of the bride and groom and the forth blessing the rins are places on the fourth finger of the right hand.
-crowns: signs of glory and honor with which God crowns them during the sacrament, joined by ribbon.
-Cup and table circling: drinking from the common cup symbolizes the couple must share every joy and sorrow; priest takes the bride and goom by the hand and leads them around the small table three times symbolizing eernity. |
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Term
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Definition
| recent survey found that a third of Greeks live close to the poverty line or under; the poverty limit is drawn at an income of 470 Euros ($700) a month per adult. |
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Term
| Reason for using black pitch before birth of a child |
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Definition
| before the birth of a child in Greece black pitch was spread around the house to ward off evil spirits |
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Term
| Women's participation in sports |
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Definition
| It is apparent that women were not only involved in the Olympics to a small degree, but involved in physical acitivity to a great extent in Greek antiquity. |
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Term
| Average age of the Turkish population |
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Definition
| the Turkish population is very young with about 2/3 under te age of 35. |
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Term
| Changing culture because of industrialization in Turkey |
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Definition
| whild the power of honor as a value has declined with industrializaiton and urbanization throughout the region; creation of a blend of both collectivist and individualistic society in Turkey |
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Term
| Characteristic that parents what to instill in their child |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| although it is hard to pin point, divorce in Turkey is less that 2% |
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Term
| Location of the begging of Islam |
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Definition
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Term
| Membership in the EU/ barriers |
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Definition
| on April 14thTurkey submitted its applicaiton for formal membership into the EU, on December 18th, 1989 European Cmmission refuses Turkey as a member. Treatment of the Kurds and women are social stigmas that, along with other reasons, contribute to the disapproval of Turkey joining the EU. |
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Term
| Most important concept protected by the head of the family |
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Definition
| honor or "namus is the dominate value of the traditional soical system and is maintained by the men of the family |
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Term
| Parenting practices in rural areas |
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Definition
| use of physical punishment, scolding, and threats is common in rural areas. |
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Term
| Restoration of lost honor |
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Definition
| can only be restored through actions, sometimes violent, that are recognized by the community |
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Term
| Stone used to ward off the Evil Eye |
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Definition
| the Evil Eye Pendant that guard themselves from such not-so-well-meaning people with their necessarily evil eyes is a stone of molten glass, iron copper, water and salt. This particular combination of mineral and metals is believed to provide a shield from the forces of evil. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sunni compose about 90% of all Muslims |
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Term
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Definition
| mosque that holds the sacred stone. All Muslims around the world face the Kaaba during prayers, no matter where they are. Islamic tradition assert that the Kaaba "relects" a house in heaven that is believed to be the first building ever built on earth. |
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Term
| Leadership beliefs of Shiite and Sunni |
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Definition
| the selection of a successor cause the fraction between the Sunni and the Shiites; the Shiite believed that the leadership of Islam was determined by divine order. |
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Term
| Muhammad's flight to safety |
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Definition
| Mohammad sought asylum in Medina from Mecca due to his persecution against the belief that Allah was the one true God and rejected idol worship of Mecca (he preached against gods and goddesses) |
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Term
| Number of Muslims livng in the U.S. |
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Definition
| 3 million Muslims are living in the United States |
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Term
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Definition
1. Profession of faith-there is no God but Bod and Muhammad is his prophet
2.Prayer-a Muslim mst pray five times a day facing Mecca
3. The Zakat-each Muslim must pay a "zakat" to thestate government. It is an obligatory tax paid once a year to help those in need.
Fasting-a Muslim mst fast for the month of Ramadan; fasting begins at daybreak and ends at sunset. |
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Term
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Definition
| allowed but not practiced |
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Term
| Status of woman in pre-Islamic Arabia |
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Definition
| some scholars believe that before Islam women held equal powers to men, Mohammad's first wife was a successful business woman; other reaserchers argued that women's status in pre-Islamic Arabia was poor (practice of female infanticide was common, patrilineal marriage) |
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Term
| Attitude about pre-marital sex in Egypt |
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Definition
| premarital sexual activity is not socially, legally, or religiously accepted |
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Term
| Attitude related to FGM in Egypt |
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Definition
| the majority of women interviewed in Egypt believe that female circumcisions should continue |
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Term
| Benefits of working women in Egypt |
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Definition
| Since the early 1970s women's status has been changing, mostly because an increasing number of women have joined the nonagricultural workforce |
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Term
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Definition
| Mummification, tombs, pyramids |
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Term
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Definition
| herbal and folk contraception are still used in rural areas, midwives are a source of information used in preventing pregnancies and inducign abortions |
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Term
| Education for males and females in Egypt |
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Definition
| view-education is necessary for boys, not so much for girls; 52% of the population is illiterate; attempts to curb the growing education problems include increased adult education funding, and creating better general education systems. |
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Term
| Family authority in Eygpt |
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Definition
| men continue to hold the authority in marriage and family |
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Term
| Female divorce criteria in Egypt |
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Definition
-absence of husband (1+ years)
-imprisonment of husband (3+ years)
-mental or physical illness |
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Term
| FGM and Islamic law in Egypt |
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Definition
| since 1994 the practice of FGM has been limited to hospitals, not a requirment of Islam; in 2007 the Egyptian government finally outlawed the practice of FGM, although it is till practiced in manyrural areas. |
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Term
| History of marriage laws in Egypt |
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Definition
| Civil Ceremony; religious ceremony |
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Term
| Main source of child labor in Egypt |
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Definition
-fields, picking cotton
-as leather tanners
-selling goods on the street |
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Term
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Definition
| a husgand may divorce his wife simply by stating "I divorce you" three times; there is no need for any specific ground for the divorce. |
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Term
| Year law was revived regarding divorce and women in Egypt |
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Definition
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Term
| "happy house" symbol in Israel |
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Definition
| wedding take splace under a "chupah" or canopy |
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Term
| Abortion rights in Israel |
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Definition
| abortion on demand is not permitted under orthodox Judaism |
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Term
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Definition
| contraception is limited to women, a vasectomy or use of a condom by males is not permitted; abortion on demand is not permitted but there are no restricitons on medical care |
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Term
| Burial rights for Orthodox Jews |
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Definition
-wash the bodyand prepare for burial in accordance with Jewish law
-burial must take place asap (usually within 48 hours)
-embalming and removal of organs is not permitted
-bodies are buried in a simple shroud so the poor and the rich will look alike |
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Term
| Cleansing ritual for women |
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Definition
-during menstruation women are barred from public participation
-she has to have seven "slean days" before participating in community life again |
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Term
| Effect of war on Palestine chidlren |
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Definition
| children raised in Palestine have known litte peace (post traumatic stree disorder, lack of trust of adults, lack of education because of school damage. children constitute 18% of all causalities of Israeli fire. Many Palestiniam children have been detained as prisoners of the Israeli army, held in adult prisons in Israel. Results of conflict on children also include: sleep disorders, separation anxiety, and overreaction to oud noises. |
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Term
| Military service in Israel |
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Definition
| military service is compulsory for men (3 ears for men) and women (2 years for women) starting at age 18. |
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Term
| Are women permitted to be a Rabbi in Modern Judaism |
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Definition
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Term
| Populatio increase in Israel |
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Definition
| over the last 50 years, there has been a six-fold increase in the population |
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Term
| Religious laws regarding medical care in Israel |
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Definition
| no restrictions on medical care by orthodox Judaism |
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Term
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Definition
| according to Jewish law, someone is considered to be Jew if he/she was orn of a Jewish other (matrilineal linage) |
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Term
| Aboriginal term for female Rainbow Snake |
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Definition
| the creation story that defines the people; female rainbow serpent is Yingarna, the original mother or Creation, her son is Ngalyod, the great tranformer of he land. |
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Term
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Definition
| prior to colonizaiton the Australian Aborigines lived a lifestyle based on the Dreamtime beliefs. Do not believe in eh past, present, and future; dreamtime is "all at once" rather than "one thing after another." |
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Term
| Four aspects to dreamtime |
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Definition
-the beginning of all time
-the life and influence of the ancestors
-the way of life and death
-sources of power in life |
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Term
| Basis for Cadigal history (New Zealand native population) |
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Definition
| based on oral traditions handed down by many generations over millennia |
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Term
| British treatment of locals in Australia |
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Definition
| the British brought goods and supplies to trade with the locals for land; locals were not considred to be human beings; in order to have access to fresh water the British cut trees that have a sacred meaning for locals; broke many treaties; stoel children and placed in reformist schools. The British moved them to new locaitons that were difficult to farm and raise live stock; they could be jailed for minor causes and their land taken. |
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Term
| Design of Rainbow Serpent |
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Definition
| have a kangaroo's head and crocodile's tail and python's body. |
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Term
| First part of marriage ceremony in New Zealand |
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Definition
-Te Karanga: a ceremonial call to the village to announce the ceremony
-Te Powhiri: this song and dance welcomes the bride and groom
-Te Manaakitanga: the blessing by the elder upon the couple
-Infintiy loops: placed around the necks of the bride and the groom; this represents their never-ending love |
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Term
| Indigenous people of New Zealand |
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Definition
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Term
| LGBT rights in New Zealand |
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Definition
| have most of the same rights as other people in New Zealand. At present, the remaining exceptions are the right to adopt children as a couple, and the right to marry. New Zealand enacted legislation that permitted civil union in 2005, which allow couples many of the same rights as married couples. This near-equality is a relativiely recent development, sex between men was only decriminalized in 1986. |
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Term
| Nationality of prisoners used to colonize Australia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| arrived from different geographical locations using long boats; speculation is the indigenous people came from islands near Hawaii, from what is now known as Taiwan, and from China. |
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Term
| Purpose of Moore River Camp |
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Definition
| to "colonize" the native and take out their heritage and eventually breed out the "native" in them. |
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Term
| Term for Aboriginal children removed from their families |
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Definition
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Term
| Term for femal Rainbow Serpent |
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Definition
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Term
| Arranged marriages in Singapore |
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Definition
| arranged marriages are stil common in Singapore, especially among the Malays and Indians. |
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Term
| Banned religion in Singapore |
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Definition
| Jehovah's Witness are banned |
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Term
| Current family composition in Singapore |
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Definition
| even though traditionally people in Southeast Asia lived in extended families today, about 78% of families in Singapore are made up of parents and children only. |
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Term
| Education of non-British citizens in Singapore |
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Definition
| a few of non-British were educated in Great Britain and became lawyers and return to Singapore to provide legal assistance to the "loca natives." |
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Term
| Efforts to ensure an educated population in Singapore |
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Definition
| goal of the governmen to develop the talents of every individual so that each could contribute to the economy and the ongoing struggle tomake Singapore productive and competitive in the international marketplace. |
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Term
| Ethnic composition in Singapore |
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Definition
| four major ethnic groups: Chinese, Indians, Malays, and English-Anglos. |
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Term
| Ethnic group most likely to live in extended family in Singapore |
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Definition
| the Indian and Maly parents were more likely to live with their children that the Chinese population. |
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Term
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Definition
| the occupaiton of Singapore by the Japanese was like a long nightmare for 3 and a haf years; one of the first actions that the Japanese did was to imprison all European in Shanghai and other prisons. |
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Term
| Punishment for breaking laws in Singapore |
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Definition
| canning is common for misconduct |
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Term
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Definition
| the native people in Australia |
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Term
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Definition
| the separation between husband and wife by a pronouncement which includes monetary settlement. A married woman must prove her claim for divorce through court investigations. Court defines couple's responsibilities. |
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Term
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Definition
| primary religion of the aboriginals before British rule |
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Term
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Definition
| people who are considered "family" but not directly related to any member of the family. |
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Term
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Definition
| Greek clebration that was held t honor the passing of the girl from her father to her husband. |
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Term
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Definition
| Jewish law that says there should be a separation between the top and bottom halves of the body when praying |
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Term
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Definition
| hijab refers to the variety of styles which Muslim women use scarves and larger peces of cloth to cover the hair and sometimes their shoulders. |
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Term
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Definition
| the volunteers who care for the dead in Orthodox Jewdaism |
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Term
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Definition
| world religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad; founded in the 7th century, Islam is the youngest of the three monotheistic world religions. |
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Term
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Definition
| acronym for "living apart together" families |
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Term
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Definition
| Jewish term for illegitimate children |
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Term
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Definition
| a ritual purification bath taken by Jews on certain occasions, as before the Sabbath or after menstruation or ejactulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| a beliver in or adherent of Islam, also a member of the Nation of Islam |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ngith courtship that existed in rural areas of Scandinavia during the 18th and 19th centuries; his platonic interaction involves the suitor visiting a young woman in teh evening and staying overnight; both parties remain chaste; assumption was that no intimacy was involved. |
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Term
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Definition
| the Hebrew word for sidelocks or sidecurls; payot are worn by some men and boys in the Orthodox Jewish community absed on an interpretation of the Biblical injunciton aginst shaving the "corners" of one's head |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of homosexuality that was most common in ancient Greece; term used to describe the relationship betwen an adult man and a male youth |
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Term
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Definition
| practice of a written or oral contract between a man and a woman witnessed by two adults and not officially registered |
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Term
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Definition
| a member of the branch of Islam that regards Ali and his descendants as the egitimate successors to Muhammad and rejects the first three caliphs. |
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Term
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Definition
| a member of one of the two great religious divisins of Islam, regarding the first four caligphas legitimate successors of Muhammad and stressing the improatance of Sunna as a basis for law. |
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Term
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Definition
| the latin expression meaning "empty land;" the United Kingdom relied on this principle to claim possession of the Australian continent, it was deemed that, prior to European control, Australia was "a tract of territory practially unoccupied, without settled inhabitants or settled law." |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| the state of being the only begotten |
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