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-James Martineau: the Belief in an ever-living God, that is, in a Divine Mind and Will ruling the Universe and holding moral relations with mankind. -Rudolph Otto: religion is that which grows out of, and gives expression to, experience of the holy in its various aspects. -Immanuel Kant: religion is the recognition of all our duties as divine commands. -Sigmund Freud: religion is comparable to a childhood neurosis. -Karl Marx: religion is the sign of the oppressed creature… it is the opium of the people |
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| religion in American universities |
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To understand who we are as humans; To increase our knowledge; To comprehend our culture; To understand the world around us; To formulate our own world view |
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| assigning partners to god |
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| one god, monotheism (to assert) |
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| the community of believers` |
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| period of ignorance before Islam |
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| denier of the existence of God |
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| authoritative collection of manuscripts |
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| shirk, before islam, worshipping idols |
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| only one real being exists |
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| Polytheism, Christianity, Judaism |
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| signs, miracles, scriptures, prophets, creation |
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| transcendence, life and power, knowledge, will, hearing and sight, speech, and works |
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| intermediaries between visible universe and God, they are made of light |
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| to be God's vicegerent, his servant, to fulfill the covenant of God, to excel and attain perfection |
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| to tell you who God is (also source of law) |
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| where was Qur'an revealed |
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| First revelation of Qur'an |
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| theology of God, salvation and hereafter, prophecy, ethics, relations with non-muslims, warfare, prayers, it's non-narrative |
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| interpreted to find the meaning |
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| to explain or expound, outer meaning |
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| person finding the outer meaning of something |
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| it's a large city, idols, focuses on tauheed |
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| people moving by, focuses on law |
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| he is seen as an arbiter (hijra), he becomes a military leader |
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| turning point in war between muslims and Quraysh |
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| resurrection/day of judgment |
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| accountability/notice, justice/guilt, purpose of life |
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| death, angel of death, questioning in the grave, final day arrives |
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| the anti-christ who will reign for 40 days |
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