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| Muhammed was born in Mecca |
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| At the age of 40, Muhammad experienced revelation |
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| Polytheistic people in Arabia at the time of Muhammad |
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| 1st male to accept Islam (age of 10), 4th Caliph, 1st Imam of Shi'a Islam |
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| 2nd male to accept Islam, 1st Caliph (Sunni) |
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| Khadija and Abu Talib die |
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| Medina tribes accept Islam |
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| The migration - Muslims leave Mecca for Medina |
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| "People of the Book" - Christians and Jews |
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| Why were the Christians threatened by the Muslims? |
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Muslims proseletyze
Both are universal religions
Islam challenged the doctrine of the trinity |
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| Translated Qur'an in 1148 |
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1. Faith
2. Prayer 5x daily (salat)
3. Almsgiving (tithe)
4. Ramadhan (fasting, sawm)
5. Pilgrimmage to the Hajj |
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| How many Muslims are there in the world? |
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| Approximately 1.5 billion |
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| came into power in Iran in 1501, established it as a Shi'a state |
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| How many states were there when the Europeans entered Muslim lands? How many were there afterwards? |
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| When did the Ottoman Empire fall? |
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| "innovation" - something Muhammed would not have done |
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| Wahhabism - saw the "eternal deterioration" of Islam, felt a need to purify it by going back. Rejected the views of the scholars. |
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| oneness of God - means not associating anything with God |
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| seeking refuge, making images, invoking holy men, associating anything or anyone with God |
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| religious edict or opinion |
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| marriage of church and state |
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| One of the earliest Muslim reformers, said that humans become enlightened through philosophy, reason, scripture, and revelation. Founder of anti-colonialism, called for pan-Islam |
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| blind following or imitation |
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rethinking - mental jihad
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| 12th Imam in Shi'a Islam, will come at the end of time to address wrongdoings |
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| community of legal scholars in Islam |
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| How did Afghani feel about the Ulama? |
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| He said they were out of touch with reality |
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| disciple of Afghani, wrote his works for him |
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| 1st university in the world, in Cairo |
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| "permission" to teach, issued by one's teacher |
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| 150,000 stories concerning the Prohpet and his followers - means "narration" |
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114 Suras (chapters)
624 Ayat (verses) |
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| commemoration of the Battle of Karbala, celebrated by Shi'a Muslims |
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| Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina - marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar in 622 AD |
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| friend/master/protector/guardian |
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| wife of Ali, daughter of Muhammad |
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| Sons of Fatima and Ali, 2nd and 3rd imams of Shi'a Islam |
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| rightful descendant or authority |
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| Demanded that Husayn recognize him as rightful ruler. Killed Husayn at Karbala when he refused. |
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| Muhammad al-Mahdi - the Messiah in hiding |
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| Spoke against the Shah in Iran, 1960's-70's. Eventually became ruler |
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| rule of the scholars (advocated by Khumayni) |
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| Istanbul captured by Ottomans |
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| Legal and administrative reforms in Turkey, which were secular in nature. |
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| concerned about the Tanzimat Reforms, wanted to be modern but not Western |
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| called for education geared toward Turkish culture, wanted reformation but not secularization |
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| Father of the Turks who won the war of liberation even though he wasn't supported by the Muslim world. Wanted Turkey to become European |
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| founder of Muslim Brotherhood |
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