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| Point from which all movements are described |
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| what is another name for the sagittal plane |
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| What is another name for the frontal plane |
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| What is another name for the transverse plane |
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| What are the two major types of kinematics |
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| what are examples of osteokinematics |
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| flexion, abduction, lateral flexion of trunk |
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| movement between two joint surfaces |
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| movement between two bones and their mechanical axis which is parallel to the plane of movement |
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| What are the three movements of arthokinematics |
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| points of contact on each surface constantly moving |
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| one point on moving surface contacts multiple points on opposing surface |
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| rotation of one surface on an opposing surface around a longitudinal axis |
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| abnormal arthrokinematics may result in what |
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| If a concave surface moves on a convex surface, roll and slide occur in the ______ direction |
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| if a convex surface moves on a concave surface, roll and slide occur in the ______ direction |
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| Concave-Convex rule: Hip Flexion: Joint Shapes |
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| conVEX femoral head, conCAVE acetabulum |
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| Concave-Convex rule: Hip Flexion: Which rule? |
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| position for each joint in which the joint surfaces are least congruent |
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| This allows for maximal joint movement |
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| This is where most mobilization techniques are performed |
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| Resting position results in what between the joint surfaces |
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| What is joint distraction? |
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| separation of joint surfaces without displacement or rupture of ligaments |
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| Position for each joint in which the joints are maximally congruent |
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| This limits joint movement |
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| This produces compression between the joint surfaces |
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| If active and passive motions are limited/painful in the same direction, the lesion is in the |
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| If active and passive motions are limited/painful in the opposite direction, the lesion is in the |
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| capsular pattern of restriction |
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| limitation of pain and movement in a joint specific ratio |
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| usually present with arthritis, prolonged immobilization, ex frozen shoulder |
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| capsular pattern of restriction |
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| non-capsular pattern of restriction |
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| limitation in a joint in any pattern other than a capsular one |
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| May indicate the presence of either a derangement, a restriction of one part of the joint capsule, or an extra-articular lesion, that obstructs joint motion |
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| non-capsular pattern of restriction |
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| Example of non-capsular joint restriction |
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| quality of resistance felt by the clinician at end range |
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| Used to assess the joint and contractile tissues |
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| firm, leathery with slight give |
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| What is an example of normal capsular end feel |
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| What is an example of abnormal capsular end feel |
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| no or little give to stress |
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| similar to normal but painful |
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| What is an example of a normal bony end feel |
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| Abnormal bony end feel resulting in movement loss may be associated with what |
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| later stages of degenerative joint disease, malunion of bony segments |
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| abnormal soft-tissue approximation end feel |
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| early in range due to muscle hypertrophy |
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| examples of normal soft-tissue approximation |
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| elbow flexion, knee flexion |
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| rubbery, less abrupt than a capsular end feel |
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| example of muscular end feel |
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| extremes of straight leg raise |
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| abrupt stop to movement with some rebound |
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| Muscle spasm are usually the result of what? |
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| reflexive muscle contraction guard against further movement |
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| Springy end feel is associated with what |
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| non-capsular block to movement |
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| Springy end feel is due to what? |
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| loose body or displaced meniscus |
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| no restriction to movement, movement stopped by patient due to pain |
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| Empty end feel is often associated with what? |
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| strength testing: strong and painless |
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| strength testing: strong an dpainful |
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| strength testing: strong and painful, usually what? |
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| strength testing: weak and painless, cause 1 |
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| strength testing: weak and painless, cause 2 |
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| rupture of muscle or tendon |
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| strength testing: weak and painless, cause 3 |
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| disuse atrophy must be considered |
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| strength testing: weak and painful (marked), cause 1 |
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| strength testing: weak and painful (marked), cause 2 |
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| weak and painful (marked): serious pathology examples |
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| fracture, neoplasm, acute inflammation |
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| Neurological Testing: type 1 |
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| Neurological Testing: type 2 |
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| There is a lot of information on the "Palpation: Why?" slide, so you should probably |
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