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| Anointed one, from Hebrew "meshiach" |
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| regarded as identical in substance or essence though different in aspect |
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| What was the preferred name Jesus used to refer to himself? |
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| What is the purpose of Jesus? |
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| Substitution for humanity's sin |
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| very human but anointed by the Holy Spirit |
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| very divine but appeared to be human |
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| Not divine but privileged among all God's creation |
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| What was the purpose of the Nicene creed |
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| Nicene - This creed was first formulated at the First Ecumenical Council, held at Nicea, located in what is now Turkey, in 325, as a response to the Arian heresy, which denied the divinity of Christ. It was revised at the Second Ecumenical Council, held at Constantinople in 381 as a response to the Macedonian or Pneumatomachian heresy, which denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit. |
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| What was the purpose of the Chalcedon creed |
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| Chalcedon - Response to heretical views of Christ (more human or more divine) |
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| Explain the two-nature doctrine of the incarnation |
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| Two nature's of Christ as incarnate God. 1 being his full humanity, the other being his full Godhood |
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| Friedrich Schleiermacher 1768-1834 |
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Father of liberal theology
Jesus is not a divine being who assumed human nature, but a prophetic figure who fully realizes the divine nature that is in all humans
He is the clue to the divinity that is in all of us
Incarnation advances evolutionary pattern that can bring all of human life to a higher life |
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Humanity of Christ is a historical mask in which the Divine Word clothes Himself
Personality of Jesus is distinguishable in history, but the person of Jesus is a mystery that transcends history |
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Jesus has no independent personality, can't separate personality from the person
Word of God, God remains God in reincarnation. Christ is the universal man
Christ takes on our fallen or sinful nature, identifies with our predicament even though he never actually succumbed to sin |
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Refers to Jesus as a new being
Divine human unity lives somewhere in the depths of our being, to discover self is to discover God
3 Polarities
Dynamic/Form
Individualisation/Participation
Freedom/Destiny |
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| What are the three ontological polarities that are reflected in Tillich's New Being of Christ. |
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Dynamic/Form
Individualisation/Participation
Freedom/Destiny |
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| Explain the controversy over verses such as Romans 2:22 and Gal 2:16 |
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| Argument of faith vs. works. Are we saved by faith in God or by works which prove our faith? |
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| How does Roman Catholicism differ from typical Protestant positions on Salvation |
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Catholics: Justification has been merited for us by the Passion of Christ. It is granted us through Baptism. It conforms us to the righteousness of God, who justifies us."
Reformation: Sola Fide, Sola Gratia. It is an event. Only faith, only grace |
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| What is the difference between the Pelagius and Augustine on the subject of sin and salvation? |
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The heart of the debate centered on the doctrine of original sin, particularly with respect to the question of the extent to which the will of fallen man is "free."
Augustine - man fully depraved
Pelagius - man is born good, chooses freely between right and wrong |
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| What are the five Remonstrants? |
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Conditional Election
Unlimited Atonement
Depravity
Resistible Grace
Conditional Perseverance |
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Total Depravity
Unconditional Election
Limited Atonement
Irresistible Grace
Perseverance of the Saints |
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| Model of Salvation - Calvin |
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| Greater focus on the process of regeneration than justification, salvation is a simple trust in the efficacy and all-sufficient atoning work of Christ |
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| Model of Salvation - Luther |
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Salvation is Christ descending to fallen humanity
It is by Grace and not human effort
Human effort is a show of gratitude
Justification is an umbrella that covers our unrighteousness and makes us acceptable to a holy God |
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| Model of Salvation - Mysticism |
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| Mysticism - Creation and Fall --> Incarnation of God --> Deification --> Vision of God |
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| Model of Salvation - Wesley |
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| Salvation begins with justification and continues with sanctification and ends in glorification |
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| Model of Salvation - Barth |
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| Jesus embodies God's election of humanity and God's rejection of human sin. He is the electing God and the elect man. As the electing God, Jesus elects all of humanity in himself. And thus, as the elected man, all who are "in Christ" are elect in him. Non-believers, it is said, have simply not realized or recognized their election in Christ. |
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| What are 5 things that the Holy Spirit is responsible for? |
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| Convicts, indwells, reveals truth, gift giver, fruit producer |
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| What is the filioque? And why was it so controversial. |
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"and (from) the Son", is a phrase found in the form of Nicene Creed in use in most of the Western Christian churches. It is not present in the Greek text of the Nicene Creed as originally formulated at the First Council of Constantinople, which says only that the Holy Spirit proceeds "from the Father":
East vs. West, because East feels the HS isn't stressed enough |
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| Explain the difference between Western and Eastern configurations of the Trinity. |
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West - Father and Son are equal, and Spirit proceeds from both
East - Father sends Son, then Father Sends Spirit, Son and Spirit are not connected |
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| How does Jurgen Moltmann reformulate the role of the Holy Spirit? |
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| HS proceeds from the Father, rests on the Son, and from the Son radiates into the world |
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| What are some of the alternative ways in which the Father, Son and Holy Spirit are described. |
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| Psychological Analogy of Trinity |
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| My mind exists, and it exists in knowing and loving. There is no mind unless there is knowing and loving, in part he is saying one cannot love anyone without knowing them - Augustine |
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| Social Analogy of Trinity |
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God is perfect love, and perfect love needs an object… however, so that the fullness of love might have a place in the true Divinity, it is necessary that there be both one who loves and an equally worthy person who returns love.
However, for this to encompass perfect love, it would fall short if there was not someone with whom to share it - Richard of St. Victor (12th C) |
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| Economic Analogy of Trinity |
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| The economic Trinity refers to the acts of the triune God with respect to the creation, history, salvation, the formation of the Church, the daily lives of believers, etc. and describes how the Trinity operates within history in terms of the roles or functions performed by each Person of the Trinity—God's relationship with creation. The ontological (or essential or immanent) Trinity speaks of the interior life of the Trinity—the reciprocal relationships of Father, Son, and Spirit to each other without reference to God's relationship with creation. |
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