Term
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Definition
-A condition resulting from an abnormality with the 21st pair of chromosomes; the most common abnormality is a triplet rather than a pair
-Characterized by intellectual disability and such physical signs as slanted-appearing eyes, hypotonia, a single palmar crease, shortness and a tendacytoward obesity |
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Term
| Retinopathy of Prematurity |
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Definition
| A condition resulting from administration of an excessive concentration of oxygen at birth; causes scar tissue to form behind the lens of the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| A metabolic genetic disorder caused by the inability of the body to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine; an accumulation of phenylalanine results in adnormal brain development. |
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Term
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Definition
| An inherited disease affecting primarily the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and respiratory organs; characterized by thick, sticky mucous that often interferes with breathing or digestion |
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Term
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Definition
| Inherited disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of the muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| An accumulation of fluid around the brain that can cause physical or mental disabilities if not corrected |
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Term
Autism
or
Autistic Spectrum Disorder |
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Definition
| A pervasive developmental disbility charactetrized by extreme withdrawal cognitive deficits, language disorders, self-stimulation, and onset before 30 months. |
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Term
Traumatic Brain Injury
TBI |
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Definition
| Injury to the brain resulting in total or partial disability or psychosocial maladjustment that affects educational performance; may affect cognition, language, memory, attention, reasoning, abstract thinking, judgement, problem solving, sensory or perceptual and motor disabilities |
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Term
| Intellectual Disabilities |
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Definition
| The newer term for "menetal retardation"; a disability in intelligence and adaptive behavior. |
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Term
| Emotional or Behavioral disorders |
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Definition
| The terminology proposed by the national mental health and special education coalition to replace the federal terminology "emotional disturbance" |
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Term
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Definition
| means which are as culturally normative as possible, in order to establish/maintain personal behaviors and characteristics which are culturally as normative as possible |
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Term
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Definition
| Breaking down barriers to participation of people with disabilities in activities with non-handicapped individuals, it was a movement of the late 20th century. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mainstreaming; the idea of placing students with disabilities in general education classes and other school activities |
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Term
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
PL 94-142
Individulas with Disabilities Act (IDEA) |
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Definition
| Ensures that all children and youths with disabilities have the right to a free, approiate public education. |
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Term
Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) |
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Definition
| Ensures the right of individuals with disabilities to nondiscrimatory treatment in other aspects of their lives; it provides protections of civil rights in specific areas of employment, transportation, public accommodtions, state and local government, and telecommunications. |
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Term
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Definition
A group of professionals (special education teachers, counslers, administrators, psychologist) convened to work with the general education teacher to help idenify alternative educational strategies for the student before making the referral for special education evaluation.
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Term
Response to intervention
(RTI) |
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Definition
| In determining whether a child has a specific learning disability, states may rely on a process that determines whether a child responds to a scientific, research-based intervention as a part of the evaluation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Quick measures administered to determine who may need further assessment |
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Term
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Definition
| Assessments are frequent, quick-and-easy measures that teachers administer at regular intervals and that provide information on whether a student is learning as expected. |
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Term
Curriculum-Based Measurement
CBM |
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Definition
| Students responses to their usual instructional materials; it entails direct and frequent samples of performance from the students curriculum |
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Term
Individualized Education Program
(IEP) |
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Definition
| Legal document that describes the educational services that a student recieves. |
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Term
Individualized Family Service Plan
(IFSP) |
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Definition
| Describes the services that the child will recieve. Similar to an IEP but broadens the focus to include the family. |
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Term
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Definition
| Include a coordinated set of outcome- oriented activities that promote movement from school to postsecondary education, vocational training, intergated employment, supported employment, continuing adult education, adult services, independent living, or community participation. |
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Term
Least Restrictive Environment
(LRE) |
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Definition
| Students should be seperated from nondisabled classmates and from home, family, and from community as little as possible |
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Term
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Definition
| The special education teacher or psychologist acts as an expert that provides advice to the general education teacher. |
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Term
Cooperative Teaching
Co-teaching |
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Definition
Two or more professionals delivering substantive instruction to a diverse, or blended group of students in a single physical space.
Usually a special and general educator will work together. |
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Term
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Definition
| Instructional strategy that many proponents of inclusion believe is an efficent way to integrate students with disabilities into groups of nondisabled peers. |
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