Term
|
Definition
| Anything that can be detected with a telescope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Simple time exposure reveals earth's rotation about the northern celestial pole |
|
|
Term
| Distance between the earth and the sun: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A light year is defined as: |
|
Definition
| The distance light travels in one year |
|
|
Term
| A light year equals ? miles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classes of Objects in Universe: |
|
Definition
| Planets→Brown Dwarfs→Stars→Star Clusters→ Galaxies→Clusters of Galaxies |
|
|
Term
| The overhead point is called... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The imaginary line from due south to due north is the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Measures Brightness
- 1st mag=brightest, 6th mag=dimmest
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The way we see stars from earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The way a star would look if it were at 10 parsecs (3 light yrs) |
|
|
Term
| What factors is brightness determined by? |
|
Definition
| Size, Distance, and Temperature |
|
|
Term
| What property of earth gives us the seasons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: The Sun is lower in the sky during winter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: The Sun is lower in the sky during Summer |
|
Definition
| False, the Sun is higher in the sky during Summer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Diurnal)
Rising and setting of the Sun and Moon.
Earth spinning on its axis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Annual)
365.25 days
Earth's motion around the sun |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Planet wobbles on its axis
NCP points to different spots |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
We are not unique or at any special advantage with our position in the universe.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| As Earth passes Mars faster, it looks like Mars is going backward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Surface topography of the moon
- Phases of Venus
- Satellites of Jupiter
- Composition of the Milky Way
- "Ears" on Saturn
- Sunspots
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Established government funded observatory
- Collected extensive data on positions of planets
- Invented the Tychonic System
- Discovered comets are extraterrestrial
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- 1st: Planets orbits ellipses with the sun at one focus
- 2nd: Planet-Sun line sweeps out equal areas in equal time.
- 3rd Law: There is a relationship between a planets orbital period(P) and its average distance from the sun (a), P2=a3
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A measure of the ellipse
Greater the ellipse=more eccentric |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force
- F=ma
- For every force there is an equal and oppositely directed reactionary force
|
|
|
Term
| Newton's Law of Gravitation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wavelength+Frequency Definitions: |
|
Definition
λ=the distance between crests of a wave
f= the # of crests/troughs that pass by each second
v=fλ |
|
|
Term
| Order of Electromagnetic Spectrum |
|
Definition
| Gamma→X-Ray→UV→Visible Light→Infrared→Microwaves→Radiowaves |
|
|
Term
| What is Brightness directly proportional to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Learn: Temperature, Composition, Magnetic Field, or whether stars are coming or going |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Redshift: Wavelengths stretched
- Blue Shift: Wavelengths compressed(coming towards)
|
|
|
Term
| What is the advantage of having a telescope in space? |
|
Definition
| Avoid Atmospheric Disruption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Take a bunch of telescopes to produce one image |
|
|
Term
| Major types of telescopes: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ancient astronomers divided the sky into regions containing distinct groups of stars called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Earth’s atmosphere shields us from most kinds of electromagnetic radiation. The exceptions are |
|
Definition
| Infrared Radiation+Visible Light |
|
|
Term
| The type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength just longer than that of red light is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A curved lens or mirror can form an image by bringing light to a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The annual path of the Sun through the sky, with respect to the stars is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the Moon is lying on a line directly between the Earth and the Sun, close enough to cast a full shadow on the Earth, we have a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A star that appears brighter to an observer on Earth has a low |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
? is given credit for the idea that the Earth is not the center of the solar system
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kepler was the first to show that planets move |
|
Definition
| In eliptical orbits around the sun |
|
|
Term
| A discovery Galileo made with his telescope that contradicted Polemy’s ideas was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An object is moving through space. If all forces are removed from the object, then it will |
|
Definition
Continue in a straight line at constant speed
|
|
|
Term
| The standard means of methodically investigating nature is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To explain a set of facts we start with an educated guess called a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All kinds of electromagnetic radiation taken together make up the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is often useful to think of light as particles of energy called |
|
Definition
| Photons instead of as waves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The annual path of the Sun through the sky with respect to the stars |
|
|
Term
| What is the North Celestial Pole? |
|
Definition
Looking at the celestial sphere, it is the northern most axis, straight up from Earth, and is encapsulated by the northern meridian
|
|
|
Term
Why did Ptolemy include epicycles in his geocentric theory of the Universe?
|
|
Definition
| He included epicycles because each planet orbited the circumference of their own epicycle, while still orbiting earth. |
|
|
Term
| List and explain three uses of spectroscopy in astronomy. |
|
Definition
Three uses of spectroscopy are being able to look at the moon and learn more about its phases and topography, to try and get a greater understanding of our galaxy and universe, and to examine different planets such as Venus
- Temperature, Spectroscopy, Stars coming or going
|
|
|
Term
| Describe the characteristics of science, and give an example of a scientific theory. |
|
Definition
| Science is something you have to research, spend time on, and most importantly be able to test and perform experiments on what you’re trying to prove. An example of a scientific theory is the Big Bang Theory. Scientists are still performing tests and experiments to try and understand more about the Big Bang Theory |
|
|
Term
| List Earth’s three primary motions through space. |
|
Definition
| Rotational, Orbital, Precession |
|
|
Term
| Draw the Heliocentric and Geocentric models of the universe. |
|
Definition
| Heliocentric: “My very easy method just set up nine planets” (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Plato) |
|
|
