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| now has about 3200 people on death row ans another 140000 serving life. a third of them cant get parole. |
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| jails, almost 2.3 million citizens are incarcerated. |
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| All forms of corrections... |
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| are taken into account, including probation, parole, and community corrections, more that 3 percent of all adults are under some form of correctional control. |
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| Conservatives and liberals are especially leery... |
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| about continuing to invest in what many political leaders, especially conservatives, see as a system that is not as effective as it ought to be. |
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| People who study corrections want to see beyond.. |
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| the three minute news story, to understand what is happening to people caught in the system. |
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| And those people suspect that... |
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| what seems so simple from the viewpoint of a politician arguing for a new law, or from the perspective of a news reporter sharing the latest crime story. |
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| in prison probation receives the most publicity, a greater proportion of correctional growth has occurred in probation and parole. |
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| the great experimental in social control. |
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| U.S. is highest in the world. |
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| of corrections is to carry out the criminal sentence. |
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| Emily Durkheim argued that crime is normal and punishment performs the important functions of spot lighting social roles and values. |
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| A complicated web of disparate processes that, ideally, serve the goals of fair punishment and community protection. |
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| punishment and protection- not only define the purpose of corrections but also serve as criteria by which we evaluate correctional work. |
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| affect one another because offenders pass through corrections in a kind of assembly line with loops. |
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| reciprocal relationship with its environment. |
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| and improve according to the feedback they receive about their effectiveness. |
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| percent of individuals on probation, 12% of those on parole, and 13% of those in prison are under federal corrections. |
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| California, Texas, Florida, and New York. handle more then a third of all prisoners. |
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| only hold you for 48 hours |
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| Recall, too, that corrections... |
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| are relatively invisible until trouble occurs. |
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| branches and levels of government also creates problems for corrections. |
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| Both branches complain.... |
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| that court rulings set unfair constraints on their ability to handle assigned offenders. |
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| A system of government in which power and responsibilities are divided between a national gov't and state gov't. |
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| Shifting social and political forces |
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| are part of what make corrections so interesting to study. |
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| Shifting social and political forces are divided into |
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| three separate areas. Management, upholding social values, and working with offenders. |
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| Michael Lipsky has provided |
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| most vivid portrait of the problems facing correctional workers. |
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| Michael Lipsky coined the term... |
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| The term Uncertain technologies... |
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| refers to methods of applying scientific knowledge to practical purposes in a particular field. "scientific studies" |
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| A key facet in corrections.. |
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| degree of interdependence between staff and offenders. |
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| also occur between corrections and relation social service agencies. |
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