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| distance that light travels in one year |
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| 3.26 light years (average distance between stars) |
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| 150 million km, distance between the earth and the sun |
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| Newton's first law of motion |
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A body in motion tends to stay in motion (inertia) Objects travel in a straight line unless compelled to do otherwise. |
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| Newton's second law of motion |
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An unbalanced force on an object causes acceleration Force = mass x acceleration |
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| Newton's third law of motion |
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| For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction |
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1687 Explained reasons behind Kepler's observations and laws Presented the law of gravity created modern physics |
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Architect of modern science Merged math and science which made it possible for facts and claims to be proved wrong. Being able to disprove hypotheses allows us to build on science and make PROGRESS. |
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attractive force acting in a line between 2 objects proportional to the mass of one object times the mass of the other inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres (gravity is higher between closer objects) |
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most perfect geometric shape = sphere, uniform circular motion human observations should not be trusted universe is perfection |
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REASON universe divided into changeable, corrupt worth and perfect, unchanging heaven. |
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| first astronomer to believe in a heliocentric model of the universe |
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retrograde motion of planets "epicycles" |
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extremely accurate instruments to measure astronomy discovered new stars (nova) --> universe is NOT unchanging |
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empirical laws based on Brahe's observations (Brahe never asked WHY his ideas worked) |
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| Kepler's 1st law of planetary motion |
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| Planets move on elliptical orbitcs with the sun as one focus |
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| Kepler's second law of planetary motion |
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| Planets sweep out equal area in equal time |
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| Kepler's 3rd Law of Planetary Motion |
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the square of the period of a planet's orbit equals the cube of the semi-major axis of the orbit period ^2 = semimajor axis ^3 |
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F = G x mass of object1 x mass of object2/ distance between them^2 |
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2 x pi x radius of the circle/ time or period of the orbit |
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