Term
|
Definition
| individuals or organizations who try to earn a profit by providing products that satify people's needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a good or service with tangible and intangiable characteristics that provide satisfaction and benefits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the difference between what it costs to make and sell a product and what a customer pays for it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organizations that may provide goods or services but do not have the fundamental purpose of earning profits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of how resources are distrubuted for the production of goods and services within a social system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| land, forests, minerals, water, and other things that are not made by people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the physical and mental abilites that people use to produce goods and services; also called labor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the funds used to acquire the natural and human resources needed to provide products; also called capital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a description of how a particular society distributes its resources to produce goods and services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first desribed by Karl Marx as a socity in which the people, without regard to class, own all the nations resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an economic system in which the government owns and operates basic industries but individuals own most businesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an economic system in which individuals owna nd operate the majority of businesses that provide goods and services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pure capitalism, in which all economic decisions are made without governement internvention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| economices made up of elements from more than one economic system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number of goods and services that consumers are willing to buy at different prices at a specific time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number of products -- goods and services -- that businesses are willing to sell a different prices at a specific time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the price at which the number of products that businesses are willing to supply equals the amount of products that consumers are willing to buy at a specific point in time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the market structure that exists when there are many small businesses selling one standardized product |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the market structure that exists when there are fewer businesses than in a pure-competition environment and the differences among the goods they sell are small |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A market structure that exists when there are very few businesses selling product |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the market structure that exists when there is only one business providing a product in a given market |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition characterized by a continuing rise in prices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a slowdown of the economy characterized by a decline in spending and during which businesses cut back on production and lay off workers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a decline in production, employment and income |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition of the economy in which unemployment is very high, consumer spending is low, and business output is sharply reduced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sum of all goods and services produced in a country during a year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an indvidual who risks his or her wealth, time, and effort to develop for profit an innovative product or way of doing something |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| principles and standards that determine acceptable conduct in business |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a businesse's obligation to maximize its positive impact and minimize its negative impact on society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formalized rules and standards that describe what a company expects of its employees |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the act of an employee exposing an employer's wrongdoing to outsiders, such as the media or government regulatory agencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the activities that independent individuals groups, and organization undertake to protect their rights as consumers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the buying, selling, and trading of goods and services across national boundaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a monopoly that exists when a country is the only source of an item, the producer of an item, or the only producer of an item, or the most efficient producer of an item |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the basis of most international trade, when a country specializes in products that it can supply more efficiently or at a lower cost than it can produce other items |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sale of goods and services to foreign markets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the difference in value between a nation's exports and its imports |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the purchase of goods and services from foreign sources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a nation's negative balance of trade, which exists when that country imports more products than its exports |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the physical facilities that support a countrys economic activities, such as railroads, highways, ports, airfield, utilities and power plants, schools, hopsitals, communication systems, and commerical disturbution systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ratio at which one nation's currency can be exchanged for another nation's currency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a prohibition on trade in a particular product |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the act of a country or business selling products at less than what it costs to produce them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of firms or nations that agrees to act as a monoploy and not complete with each other, in order to generate a competivitive advantage in world markets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| international organization dealing wiht the rules of trade between nations |
|
|
Term
| (NAFTA) North American Free Trade Agreement |
|
Definition
| agreement that eliminates most tariffs and trade restrictions on agricultural and manufactured products to encourage trade among Canda, and United States and Mexico |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organization established to loan money to undeveloped and developing countries; formally known as the International bank |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trade agreement in which one company the licensor -- allows the licensor-- allows another company-- the license-- to use its company name, products, patents, brands, trademarkets, raw materials, and or production processes in exhange for a fee or royalty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of licensing in which a company -- the franchiser--agrees to provide a franchisee a name, logo, methods of operation, advertising, products, and other elements associated with a frachiser's business, in return of a finanical commitment and the agreement to conduct business in accordance with the franchise's standards of operations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sharing of the costs and operation of a business between a foreign company and a local partner |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ownership of overseas facilities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a plan, used by international companies, that involves customizing products, promotion, and distribution according to cultural, technological, regional, and national differences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a strategy that involves standardizing products for the whole world, as if it were a single entity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an understanding of data gained through study or experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| meaningful and useful interpretation of data and knowledge that can be used in making decisions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a network of computers similar to the internet that is availiable only to people inside an organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a network of computers that permits selected companies and other organizations to access the same information and may allow collaboration and communication about the information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carrying out the goals of business through the use of internet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of the Internet for trasactions and communications between organizations |
|
|
Term
| Customer relationship managament |
|
Definition
| focuses on using information about customers to create strategies that develop and sustain desirable long-term customer relationships |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| businesses owned and operated by one individual; the most common form of business organization in the United States |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an association of two or more persons who carry on as co-owners of a business for profit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a parternship that involves a complete sharing in both the management and the liability of the business |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a business organzation that has at least one general partner, who assumes unlimited liability and at laeast one limited partner, whose liability is limited to hist or her investment in the business |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a legal entity, created by the state, whose assets and liabilities are separate from its owners |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shares of a corporation that may be bought or sold |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| profits of a corporation that are distibuted in the form of cash payments to stockholders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a corporation owned by just one or few people who are closely involved in managing the business |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a corporation whose stock anyone may buy, sell or trade |
|
|
Term
| Quasi-public corporations |
|
Definition
| corporations owned and operated by the federal, state or local government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of individuals, elected stock holders to oversee the general operation of the corporation, who set the corporation's long range objectives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a special type of stock, whose owners, though not generally having a say in running the company, have a claim to profits before other stockholders do |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stock whose owners have voting rights in the corporation, yet do not recieve preferential treatment regarding dividends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a parternship established for a specific project or for a limited time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| corporation taxed as though it were a partnership with restrictions on shareholders |
|
|
Term
| Limited liability Company |
|
Definition
| limited liability and taxation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the combination of two companies to form a new company |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the purchase of one company to another, usualyy by buying its stock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of creating and managing a business to achieve desired objectives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any independently owned and operated business that is not dominant in its competeive area and does not employ more than 500 people |
|
|
Term
| Small business administration |
|
Definition
| an independent agency if the federal governement that offers managerial and finanical assistance to small businesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the lack of funds to operate a business normally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a precise statement of the rationale for a business and a step by step explanation of how it will achieve its goals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a license to sell another's products or to use another's name in business, or both |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the company that sells a franchise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the purchaser of the frachise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individuals in large firms who take responsibility for the development of innovations within the organizations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process designed to achieve an organization's objectives by using its resources effectively and efficiently in a changin environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plan, organize, staff, direct, and control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those plans that establish the long range objectives and overall strategy or course of action by which a firm fulfills its mission |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short-range plans designed to implement the activities specified in the strategic plan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short term plans, that specify what actions individuals, work groups, or departments need to accomplish in order to achieve the tactical plan and ultimately the strategic plan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an element in planning that deals with potential disasters such as product tampering, oil spills, fire, earthquake, computer virus or airplane crash |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those memebers of an organization repsonsible for the tactical planning that implements the general guidelines establisehd by the top management |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those who supervice both workers and the daily operations of an organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the specialized knowledge and training needed to perform jobs that are related to particular areas of management |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to think in abstract terms and to see how parts fit together to form the whole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to identify relevant issues, recoginize their importance, understand relationships between them, and perceive the underlying causes of a situation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a firm's shared value, beliefs, traditions, phiosophies, rules, and role models of behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the division of labor into small tasks and the assignment of employees to do a single task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the grouping of jobs into working units usually called departments, units, groupds, or divisions |
|
|
Term
| Functional departmentization |
|
Definition
| the grouping of jobs that perform similar functional activities, such as finance, manufacturing, marketing, and human resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| giving employees not only tasks, but also the power to make commitments, use resources and take whatever actions are necessary to carry out those tasks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a structure in which authority is concentrated at the top, and very little decision-making authority delegated to lower levels |
|
|
Term
| Decentrailized organization |
|
Definition
| an ogranization in which decision-making authority is delegated as far down the chain of command as possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| simplest structure in which direct lines of authority extend from the top managers to the lowest level of the organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a structure that sets up teams from different departments, thereby creating tow or more intersecting lines of authority; also called a project-management structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a temporary group of employees responsible for bringing about a particular change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group similar to task forces which normally run their operation and have total control of a specified project |
|
|
Term
| Product-devleopment teams |
|
Definition
| a specified type of project team formed to devise, design and implement a new product |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an informal channel of communication, separate from management's formal offical communication channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the development and administration of the acitivies involved in transforming resources into goods and services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the activities and processes used in making tangile and intangible products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inputs = outputs
inputs - resources, money, labor, energy
outputs - goods, services, and ideas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the making of identical interchangable components or products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the creation of an item in self-contained units, or modules, that can be combined or interchangeable to create different products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| making products to meet a particular customer's needs or wants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a layout that brings all resources required to create the product to a cental location |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| projects such as construction or exploration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a layout that organizes the transformation process into departments that group related processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a layout requiring that production be broken down into relatively simple tasks, assigned to works, who are usually positioned an assembly line |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
connecting, integrating all parties or members of the distribution system in order to satisfy the customers
Purchasing, inventoy, inventroy control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sequence of operations through which the product must pass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the assignment of required tasks to departments or even specific machines, workers, or teams |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a series of quailty assurance standards designed by the International Organizatioin for Standardization to ensure consistent product quailty under many conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the behavior of individuals and groups in organizational settings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an inner drive that directs a person's behavior toward goals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an employee's attitude toward his or her job, employer, and colleagues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the personal satifaction and enjoyment feel after attaining a goal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benefits and/or recognition received from someone else |
|
|
Term
| Classical Theory of motivation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| basic needs = physiological, security, social, esteem, and self actualizatioin (most important) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| workers generally dislike their jobs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| workers generally like their jobs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a management philopsphy that stresses employee participation in all aspects of the company decision making |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| changing behavior and encouraing apporiate actioins by relating the consequences of behavior to the behavior itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement from one job to another in effort to relieve boredom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a program that allows employess to choose their stargin and ending times, provided that they are at a work during a specified core period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a four day period during which an employee works 40 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| performance of full-time job by two people on part-time hours |
|
|
Term
| Human Resource Management |
|
Definition
| all the activies involved in determing an organization's human resources needs, as well as acquiring, training, and compensating people to fill those needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| observation through study, of pertinenet information about a specific tasks and necessary abilities, knowledge, and skills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a formal, written explanation of a specific job, usually including job title, tasks, physical and mental skills required, responsibilites and working conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a description of the qualifications necessary for a specific job, in terms of experience, education and personal and physical characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs when employees quit or are fired and must be replaced by new employees |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| employement changes involving resignation, retirement, terminiation or layoff |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an incentive system that pays a fixed amount or a percentage of the employes's sales |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a financial reward calculated on a weekly, monthly, or annual basis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| employee organizations formed to deal with employers for achieving better pay, hours, and working conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the negotitation process through which management and unions reach an agreement about compensation, working hours, and working conditions for a bargaing unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formal, document that spells the relationship between the union and management for a specified period of time-- usually two or three years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a public protest against management practices that involves union memebers marching and carrying antimanagment signs at the employer's plant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an attempt to keep people from purchasing the products of a company |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| management's version of a strike, wherein a work site is closed so that employees cannot go to work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people hired by management to replace striking employees; called scabs by striking union members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a method of outside resolution of labor and management differences in which a third party is brought in to keep the two sides talking |
|
|
Term
| Affirmative Action Programs |
|
Definition
| legally mandated plans that try to inrease job opportunities for minority groups by analyzing the current pool of workers, identifying areas where women and minorities are underrepresented and establishing specific hring and promotion goals with target dates, for addressing the discrepancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of activities designed to expedite transactions by creating, distributing,pricing, and promoting goods, services, and ideas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the act of giving up one thing in return for something else |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the idea that an organization should tyr to satify customer's needs through coordinated activities that alos allow it to achieve its own goals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a plan of action for developing, pricing, distributing, promoting products, that meet customers specific needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of people who have a need, purchasing power and the desire and authority to spend money on goods, services, and ideas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a specific group consumers on whose needs and wants a company focuses its marketing efforts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an approach whereby a firm tries to appeal to everyone and assumes that all buyser have similar needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a strategy whereby a firm divides the total market into groups of people who have relatively similar product needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a collection of individuals, groups, or organizations who shar one or more characteristics and thus have relatively similar product needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a market segmentation approah whereby a company devlelops one marketing strategy for a single market segment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a market segmentation approach wherby the markerter aims its efforts at tow or more segments, developing, a marketing strategy for each |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the four marketing activities - product, price, promotion, and distribution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups with whom buyers and identify whose values or attitudes they adopt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the intregrated accepted pattern of human behavior, including thought, belief, actions, and artifacts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a trial minilaunch of a product in limited areas that represents the potential market |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the full introduction of a complete marketing strategy and the launch of the product for commerical success |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| products intended for household or family use |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| products that are used directly or indirectly in the operation or manufacturing processes of businesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of closely related products that are treated as a unit because of similar marketing strategy production, or end-use considerations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the products offered by an organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brands initated and owned by the manufacturer to idenitfy products from the point of production to the point of purchase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| products with no brand name that ofen come in simple packages and carry only their generic name |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the degree to which a good, serivce, or idea meets the demands and requirements of customers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| charging the highest possible price that buyers who want the product will pay |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a low price designed to help a product enter the market and gain market share rapidly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| encouraging purchases based on emotional rather than rational reponses to the price |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group organizations that moves products from their producer to customers; also called a channel of distrubution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of market coverage whereby a product is mae avaliable in as many outlets as possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of market coverage whereby only a small numbre of al avaliable outlets are used to expose products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the awarding by a maufacturer to an intermediary of the sole right to sell a product in a defined geographic territory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the activities necessary to move products from producers to customers- inventory control, transportation, warehousing, and materials handling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the design and operation of facilities to recieve, store, and ship products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| direct inducements offering added value or some other incentive for buyser to enter into an exchange |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an attempy to motivate imtermediaries to push the product down to their customers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the use of promotion to create consumer demand for a product so that consumers exert pressure on marketing channel memebers to make it available |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the use of promotion to create and maintain an image of a product in buyers' minds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the recording, measurment, and interpretation of financial information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accounants employed by large corporations, government agencies and other organzations to prepare and analyze their financial statements |
|
|
Term
| Certified Management Accountants |
|
Definition
| private accountants who, after rigourous exaimination byt the National Association of Accountants and who have some managerial responsibilities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the internal use of accounting statements by managers in planning and directing the organization's activities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the movement of money through an organization over a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| summary of a firm's financial information, products, and growth plans for owners and potential investors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a firms economic resources, or items of value that iw owns, such as cahs inventory, land , equipment, buildings, and other tangible and intangible things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| debts that a firms owes to others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| equals assest minus liabilites and reflects historical values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assets equal liabilities plus owner's equity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system of recording and classifying business transactions that maintains the balance of the accounting equation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the four step procedure of an accounting system - examining source documents, recording transactions in an accounting journal, posting recoreded transactions. and preparing finanical statements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a book or computer file with separate sections for each account |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a fianancial report that shows an organizations profitability over period of time - month, quarter, year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the total amount of money receieved from the sale of goods or services, as well as from related business activities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of money a firm spend to buy or produce the products it sold during the period to which the income statement applies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| revenues minus the cost of goods sols required to generate the revenues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the costs incurred in the day to tday operations of an organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of spreading the costs of long-lived assets such as buildings and equipment over hte total number of accounting periods in which they are expected to be used |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the total profit after all expenses, including taxes, have been deducted from revenue; also called net earnings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assets that are used or converted into cash within the course of a calendar year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| money owned a company by its clients or customers who have promied to pay for the products at a later date |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a firm's financial obligations to short term creditors which must be repaid within one year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount a company owes to suppliers for goods and services purchased with credit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is an account representing all unpaid financial obligations incurred by the organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| calculations that measure an organzations financial health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ratios that measure the amount opertaing income or net income an organization is able to generate relative to its assets, owners, equity and sales |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| net income divided by sales |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| net income divided by assets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| net income divided by owner's equity also called return on investment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sales divided by accounts receivable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sales divided by total inventory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sales divided by total assets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ratios that measure the speed with which a company can turn its assets into cash to meet short term debt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| current assets divided by current liabilites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a stringent measure of liquidity that eliminates inventory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ratios that measure how much debt an organization is using relative to other sources of capital such as owners equity |
|
|
Term
| debt to total assets ratio |
|
Definition
| a ratio indicating how much the firm is financed by deby and how much by owners equity |
|
|
Term
| times interest earned ratio |
|
Definition
| operating income divided by interest expense |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| data used by investors to compare with one an equal, per share basis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| net income or profit divided by the number if stock shares outstanding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the actual chas received for each share owned |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of money, how its made, how its lost, and how its managed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| money stored in an account at the bank or other financial institiution that cna be withdrawn without advance notice, alsoc called a demand deposit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accounts that offfer higher interest rates than standard bank rates but with greater restrictions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| means of access to preapproved lines of credit granted by a bank or finance company |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an independent agancy of the federal govenemenr established 1913 to regulate the nation's banking and the financial industry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| means by which the Fed controls the amount of money avaiable in the economy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decisions to buy or sell US treasury bills by the US government and other investments in the open market |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the percentage of deposits that banking institutions must hold in reserve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the rate of interest the Fed charges to loan money to any banking instiution to meet reverse requirements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the authority to establish and enforce credit rules for financail institustions and some private investors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the largest and olderst of all financial instiutitions, relying mainly on checking and savings accounts as sources of funds for loans to businesses and individuals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a finanical instituition owned and controlled by its depositors, who usually have a common employer, profession, trade group, and religion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| they are owned by their depositors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| businesses that protect their clients against financial losses from certain specified risks(death, accident, theft) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| managed investment pools set aside by individuals, corporations, unions, and some nonprofit organizations to provide retirement income for members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individual investor dollars and invest them in large numbers of well-diversified securities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| firms that buy and sell stocks, bonds, and other securities and their customers and provide other financial services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| underwrites new issues of securities of corpoartions, states, and municipalities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| businesses that offer short term loans - at higher interest rates |
|
|
Term
| Working capital management |
|
Definition
| the managing of short-term assets and liabilites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cash kept on hand by firm to pay normal daily expenses - employee wages and bills, supplies abd utilities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an address, usually a commerical bank, at which a company receives payments in order to speend collections from customers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| temporary investment of "extra" cash by organizations for up to one year in US Treasury bills, certificates of deposit, commerical paper, Eurodollar loans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short term debt obligations the US governement stlls to raise money |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a written promise from one company to another to pay a specific amount of money |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| credit extended by suppliers for the purchase of their goods and services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an arrangement by which a bank agress to lend a specified amount of money to an organization upon request |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loans backed by collateral that the bank can claim if the borrowers do not repay them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loans backed only by the borrowers' goods reputation and previous credit rating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a finance company to which businesses sell thrig accounts receiavle - usually for a percentage of the total face value |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| production faciliities, offices, and equipment- all of which are expected to last for many years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of analyzing the needs of the business and selecting the assets that will maximize its value |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| debt instruments that larger companies sell to raise long-term funds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| debentures or bonds that are not backed by specific collateral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bonds that are backed by specific collateral that must be forfeited in the event that the isseing firm defaults |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a sequnce of small bonds issuses of progressively longer maturity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a special tyoe of high intertest rate bond that carries higher inherrent risks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| earnigns after expenses and taxes that are reinvested in the assets of the firms and belong to the owners in the form of equity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the dividend per share divided by the stock price |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the market where firms raise financial capital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stock exchanges and over the counter markets where investors can trade their securities with others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sale of stocks and bonds of corpoartions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the mechanism for buying and selling securities |
|
|
