Term
| Who is the father of classical realism? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A power with dominance in political and military matters over a determined area |
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Term
| What are some good things about hegemony (3) |
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Definition
Stability
Can impose views on other countries
Security |
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Term
| With realism, 1 person = ?, 2= ?, and 3 = ? |
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Definition
| 1 person is peace, 2 is war and 3 is an alliance |
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Term
| Name three negative things about a hegemon? |
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Definition
Hegemon wants to secure its powers, doesn't war any transformation
Do anything to maintain power
Lack of pluralism |
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Term
| Why is the EU not considered a hegemon? |
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Definition
Typically defined as hard power (military and force orientated, use your power for threatengin and dterring)
EU is a soft power - normative power - diplomatic, ideas a value. Normative becauses it uses norms to enforce its will |
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Term
| If liberalism is far sighted, realism is... |
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Definition
| Myopic, cares about short term goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Future is dark and dangerous, can't trust anyone in the future |
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Term
| What are the basic tenants of realism? |
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Definition
States are rational, unitary actors.
The state is the principle actor |
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Term
| What do classical realists consider the biggest opposition to big powers? |
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Definition
| THemselves, hubris and over reaching will lead to greed and destruction |
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Term
| Realists belive that ... is the best system for stability? |
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Definition
Bipolar and both nuclearly armed.
A super power will never step down |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Difference between realism and neorealism? name 5 |
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Definition
Realism believe that anarchy was a condition of the system, neorealist believe it is the system. They also believe in patterns, and there is a need to make theories
Neorealists see power as a means to survival, realists see it as an end in itself
Realists had hope in possible community of governing states
Neorealists have no trust in interantional community
Neorealists see alliances and BOP are sources of stability |
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Term
| Where realists had a poor understanding of the world, neorealists... |
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Definition
| Defined the system well and understood the distribution of capabilities within the system. They were able to make assumptions |
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Term
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Definition
| chaos, because there can still be order. |
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Term
| why does anarchy lead to security dilemma? |
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Definition
| You can't trust the other side, so you have to arm yourself and when the other side is armed, to protect themselves they too have to becomes armoured |
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Term
| Why does waltz disagree with hegemonic stability? |
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Definition
| He is a BOP realist and believes that states need to be checked and that is better than pure unipolarity |
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Term
| Do neorealists see as distinction between domestic and international systems? |
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Definition
| No, the domestic politics have no effect on the international systems. |
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Term
| What image do neorealists see themselves as? |
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Definition
| Third image - international relations between states. |
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Term
| Why does waltz believes unipolairty will be short lasting? (2) |
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Definition
| Dominant power will take on too many tasks beyond it own border that will weaken it in the long run. The other states will worry about the unpolar situation and go towards balancing |
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Term
| Why do neorealists disagree with cooperation? |
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Definition
| Relaitve gains are the only kind of gains that matter. Too much interdependence will lead to vulnerability. If you are held accountable to a higher authority, you lose your freedom and sovereign rights. |
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Term
| Why do alliances differ from IOs/ |
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Definition
| You have military cooperation and you keep your sovereignty, gives you defense security |
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Term
| What do liberals think about the future? how does it differ from realists? |
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Definition
| Also think its dark and unpredictable, but if all states are aware of it, there in an incentive to lift the shadow and cooperate |
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Term
| Why is cheating the system not rational in minds of liberals? |
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Definition
| Although it satisfies short term needs, the community disappears. you are risking you long term goals of survial |
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Term
| is liberalism a theory of IR? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the philosophy behind liberalism/ |
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Definition
| Correlaiton between liberties and harmony. If people are given freedom they will attain mutual gains and there will be peace (kant's perpetual peace) |
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Term
| What do liberals believe about first image? |
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Definition
| That human nature isn't that bad, we can progress and get better |
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Term
| why is liberalism also a 2nd image? |
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Definition
| Believes that government should intervene less so that freedoms of indiiduals are kept in check |
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Term
| What is the dichotomy of liberalism? |
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Definition
| between good and bad governance. If there are good people, they should establish good governments, those that want freedom in a political environement. |
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Term
| Liberalis believe what about democracies? |
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Definition
| That more democraceis equal more peace, democratic peace theory. |
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Term
| What do realists and liberals differ about staes? |
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Definition
| Liberals don't believe all states act alike, where realists believe that all states would act the same way if in the same situation. Liberalism thinks the governments themselves can be good or bad |
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Term
| What does liberalism think about domestic politis? |
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Definition
| Unlike realism, we should consider the different voices within the state that cause decision making. |
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Term
| Why do realists argue with democratic peace theory? |
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Definition
| Too many exceptions, its defined either too narrowly or too braodly |
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Term
| What are measheimers' 5 notes about states |
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Definition
1)Rational
2)Anarchy
3)Goal is survial
4) Military capability
5) can't trust other states |
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Term
| What are waltzs assumptions |
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Definition
1) Anarchy in system
2) Survival is main goal
3) Military capabilities (not about rational, or mistrust) |
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Term
| What are common points between neorealism and neoliberalims? |
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Definition
States are rational, key actors
System is anachic and goal is survival |
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Term
| How does mearsheimer suggest states survive? Waltz? |
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Definition
| Maximize power, waltz is gain necessary amount of power |
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Term
| What do neoliberals argue is most important for state survival? |
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Definition
| cooperation because economic market freedom will allow trade, increase transaction and interlinkages become far increased |
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Term
| Why do you commit to the marriage in neoliberal terms? |
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Definition
| The future is uncertain, so you gain security in a cooperation |
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Term
| What are other actors in neoliberalism? |
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Definition
| IOs are other main players. Although states are rational, they can still explain IOs through a rationalistic persepctive using game theory. Not emotional theory, don;t do it because they love to cooperate but because it increases their interests |
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Term
| What do neoliberals say about anarchy? |
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Definition
| can be overcome, not myopic |
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Term
| What image is neoliberalism considered? |
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Definition
| a reversed second image. The inner working of IOs affect domestic politics. IOs and NGO can be influential on states to make them adopt norm/value based policies |
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Term
| What are advantages about cooperations? |
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Definition
| Improve information, prevent misperception, misinformation, misunderstand and reduce transaction costs - economies of scale are created. Coordinate actions and expectations. No interrogation but rather diplomats ensuring security if you disclose information? |
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Term
| Why do states withdraw from institutions? (according to NRs and NLs) |
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Definition
| NRs say that as soon as it begins to become non profitable for states, they should withdraw. NLs argue that you should never withdraw from an IOs because the cost of withdrawal is much higher than the cost of staying. |
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Term
| What is the principle agent approach? |
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Definition
| Once states can trust an institution, they delgate autonomy to them. Agents then declare their own sovereignty to the IOs. UNICEF or WHO are agents of Un itself. |
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Term
| What is main goal of joinging IOs via neoliberalism? |
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Definition
| Goal of power becomes secondary and they become more cooperation oriented. Many states reduce their military budgets because they feel secure |
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Term
| Redefine the advantages of cooperation? |
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Definition
| PRovide information, do coordination, monitoring, trigger compliance, facilitate issue linkage, define cheating offer salient solutions, and states learn about each other |
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Term
| What are counterpoints NRs argue againsts NLs? |
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Definition
| Say that it doesn't consider what happens when vital interests clash. Only dealing with soft politics, cooperation can occur in these areas. No explanation of cold war existence. Can't overcome realtive gains. IOs are just extensions of great power needs (NLs agree) and can never be sure about future. Interdependence creates assymetric relationships, challenges sovereignty. |
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Term
| What would waltz say about cooperation? |
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Definition
| If they are great power and status quo powers, then cooperation is possible. If one state is aggressive, increasing cooperation is beyond reach. IF security dilemma is the main problem, cooperation can ovecome the dilemma. |
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Term
| What do neoliberals say bout institutions? |
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Definition
| States enter IOs to increase benefit and then, after a while, become good members and are rule abiding |
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Term
| How can we exlain the difference between NLS and NRs? |
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Definition
| just a matter of emphasis. They see the same world, but they define it differently. These two are considered mainstream theories, they are from the U.S and both favor current world order with hegemony of western states, support institutions that would support western states. Status Quo theories because they are satisfied with the status quo, the way things look like now (global capitalism, hegemony of western states, distribution of power and democracy - the glass is the status quo). One says the glass is half empty and bad, get ready for the worst (realism) and the other states it is half full and we can relax (neoliberalism). To other theories, there only see one glass, and neither try to fill it up or empty it. They are not transformative |
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