Term
| Integration-responsiveness framework |
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Definition
| A framework of MNE management on how to simultaneously deal with two sets of pressures for global integration and local responsiveness |
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Term
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Definition
| The necessity to be responsive to different customer preferences around the world |
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Term
| Home replication strategy |
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Definition
| A strategy that emphasises international replication of home country-based competencies such as production scales , distribution efficiencies and brand power |
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Term
| Localisation (multi domestic) strategy |
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Definition
| A strategy that focuses on a number of foreign countries/regions, each of which is regraded as a stand-alone 'local' (domestic) market worthy of significant attention and adaptation |
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Term
| Global standardisation strategy |
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Definition
| A strategy that relies on the development and distribution of standardised products worldwide to reap the maximum benefits from low-cost advantages |
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Term
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Definition
| A MNE subsidiary explicitly recognised as a source of important capabilities with the intention that these capabilities be leveraged by and/or disseminated to other subsidiaries |
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Term
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Definition
| A strategy that endeavours to be cost efficient , locally responsive and learning driven simultaneously around the world |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure that is typically set up when firms initially expand abroad, often engaging in a home replication strategy |
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Term
| Geographic area structure |
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Definition
| An orgnisational structure that organizes the MNE according to different countries and regions |
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Term
| Country or regional manager |
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Definition
| The business leader of a specific geographic , area or region |
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Term
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Definition
| An organisational structure that assigns global responsibilities to each product division |
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Term
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Definition
| The structures , processes and systems that actively develop, leverage and transfer knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| Knowledge that is codifiable ( that is, can be written down and transferred with little loss of its richness) |
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Term
| Organisational ( team embedded ) knowledge |
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Definition
| Knowledge held in an organisation that goes beyond the knowledge of the individual members |
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Term
| Communities of practice ( CoP) |
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Definition
| Groups of people doing similar or related work and sharing knowledge about their practices of work |
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Term
| Virtual communities of practice |
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Definition
| Communities of practice interacting via the internet |
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Term
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Definition
| The structures and mechanisms MNEs use to facilitate the creation , integration, sharing and utilisation of knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to recognise the value of new information assimilate it and apply it |
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Term
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Definition
| The informal benefits individuals and organisations derive from their social structures and networks |
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Term
| Worldwide ( or global ) mandate |
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Definition
| The charter to be responsible for one MNE function throughout the world |
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Term
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Definition
| The proactive and deliberate pursuit of new opportunities by a subsidiary to expand its scope of responsibility |
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Term
| National innovation systems |
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Definition
| The institutions and organisations that influence innovation activity in a country |
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