Term
| In the staircase model, Jennifer would know that the ultimate level in I.C. that she would want to attain would be... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The purpose of the clothes exercise was to show that... |
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Definition
| we cannot get dressed without I.C. taking place |
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Term
| 4 Criteria for Flexible Intercultural Communication |
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Definition
Appropriateness
Effectiveness
Communication Adaptability
Communication Creativity
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Term
| In the iceberg metaphor which level deals with "traditions, beliefs, and values?" |
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Definition
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|
Term
| In the iceberg metaphor which level deals with, "symbols, meanings, and norms?" |
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Definition
| Intermediate-Level Culture |
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|
Term
| In the iceberg metaphor, which level deals with, "popular culture?" |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the bottom level of the iceberg metaphor? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the exercise with the student handing Dr. B a pencil, a primary conclusion one can make from the initial episode is that... |
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Definition
| One needs to know the rules of a culture about many social behaviors to discover if the behavior is a sign of respect, insult, or to be ignored. |
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Term
| The primary metaphor of the class expalins that between the sender and the receiver ______ exists as a _____ which changes the message |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Four Value Orientation Patterns |
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Definition
| Meaning, Destiny, Time, Space |
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Term
|
Definition
| 4 Value Orientation Patterns Chart |
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Term
| Peter finds that his sister's children often contradict their parents and teachers and almost always telling them what to do. What term fits this situation? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Small Power Distance cultures tend to value... |
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Definition
| equal power distributions, equal rights and relations, equitable rewards and punishments based on performance |
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|
Term
| Large Power Distance cultures tend to accept... |
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Definition
| unueqal power distributions, hierarchical rights, asymmetrical role relations, and rewards/punishments based on age, rank, status, title, and superiority |
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Term
| Tim found overseas that his co-workers spend time talking about creating clear procedures and liking how people use comm. strategies exhibiting conflict-avoidance behaviors. What terms fits this situation? |
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Definition
| Strong (high) uncertainty avoidance |
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|
Term
| Weak (low) uncertainty avoidance cultures.. |
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Definition
encourage risk taking and conflict-approaching modes
ex: in families, roles and behavioral expectations are negotiated, greater tolerance of innovative ideas and behavior |
|
|
Term
| Strong (high) Uncertainty Avoidance cultures... |
|
Definition
prefer clear procedures and conflict-avoidance behaviors
ex: familes roles are clearly established, greater resistance to deviant and innovative ideas |
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|
Term
| The minority of the world (including the U.S.) lives in societies with this type of tendency as a cultural pattern |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cultural pattern found in most northern and western regions of Europe and in North America
values are: freedom, honesty, social recognition, comfort, personal equity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cultural pattern common in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Central and South America
values: harmony, face-saving, filial piety, equality in the distribution of rewards |
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Term
| When Dr. B walked into class in Korea, his students stoop up and bowed to him, this situation can be labeled as a ________ value culture. |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Interculutral Communication often involves mismatched expectations that stem, in part, from cultural group membership differences |
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Term
|
Definition
| Intercultural Communication often involves varying degrees of biased intergroup perceptions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intercultural Communication involves the simultaneous encoding and decoding of verbal and nonverbal messages in the exchange process |
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Term
|
Definition
| Intercultural Communication involves multiple goals, and the goals people have are largely dependent on how they define the interaction episode |
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Term
|
Definition
| Intercultural Communication calls for understanding and acceptance of diverse communication approaches and styles |
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Term
|
Definition
| Many intercultural encounters involve well-meaning cultural bumps or clashes |
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Term
|
Definition
| a cultural violation on the behavioral level when our meanings do not overlap with one another in viewing the same behavior; which creates communication awkwardnessor embarrassment |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Intercultural Communication always takes place in a context |
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Term
|
Definition
| Intercultural Communication always takes place in embedded systems |
|
|
Term
| What are the 7 stages of the Revised W-Shaped Model? |
|
Definition
| Honeymoon, Hostility, Humorous, In-Sync, Ambivalence, Re-Entry Culture Shock, Resocialization |
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Term
|
Definition
| The stress and the feeling of disorientation you experience in a new culture |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the long-term conditioning process of newcomers arriving in a country only to start integrating the new values, norms, symbols of their new culture. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the sustained, primary socialization process of strangers in their original home culture wherein they have internalized their primary cultural values |
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Term
|
Definition
| Individuals are excited about their new cultural environment (initial phase) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sojourners experience major emotional upheavals. Serious culture shock stage, they feel incompetent, no self-esteem. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sojourners learn to laugh at their cultural faux pas and realize that there are pros and cons in each culture |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Sojourners feel "at home" and experience identity security and inclusion, social acceptance and support. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sojourners experience grief, nostalgia and pride, with a mixed sense of relief and sorrow that they are going home |
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|
Term
| Reentry Culture Shock Stage |
|
Definition
| Sojourners face an unexpected jolt b/c of the unanticipated nature of reentry shock. Sojourners feel depressed and stressed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Some individuals quietly assimilate themselves back to their old roles and behaviors |
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|
Term
| If Mya were in the process of developing her ______ she would emphasize the importance of fitting in with relevant others and ingroup connectiveness. |
|
Definition
| interdependent construal of self |
|
|
Term
| Interdependent Construal of Self |
|
Definition
Emphasis on fitting in with relevant others and ingroup connectedness.
People strive to fit in, act in a proper manner, value conformity, etc. |
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|
Term
| Independent Construal of Self |
|
Definition
| View that an individual is a unique entity with an individualized repertoire of feelings, cognitions, and motivations. |
|
|
Term
| Horizontal Self-Construal |
|
Definition
| Individuals prefer informal-symmetrical interactions (equal treatment) regardelss of people's rank, status, age. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Individuals prefer formal-symmetrical interactions (differential treatment) in respect to people's position, titles, life experiences, age. |
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|
Term
| A strong ethnic identity and a strong cultural identity is typical of a _____ identity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the Racial-Ethnic Development Model, the Pre-Encounter stage is... |
|
Definition
| the high cultural identity salience phase where ethnic minority group members' self-concepts are influenced by the values/norms of the larger culture |
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|
Term
| In the Racial-Ethnic Development Model, the Encounter stage is... |
|
Definition
| the marginal identity phase in which new racial-ethnic realization is awakened in the individuals beause of a "racially shattering" event and minority group members ralize that they cannot be fully accepted as part of the "white world" |
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|
Term
| In the Racial-Ethnic Development Model, the Immersion-Emersion stage is... |
|
Definition
| the strong racial-ethnic identity salience phase, in which individuals withdraw to the safe confines of their own racial-ethnic groups and become ethnically conscious |
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|
Term
| In the Racial-Ethnic Development Model, the Internalization-Commitment stage is... |
|
Definition
| the phase in which individuals develop a secure racial-ethnic identity that is internally defined and at the same time are able to establish genuine interpersonal contacts with members of the dominant group and other multiracial groups |
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Term
|
Definition
Elements in the host environment that influence newcomers' adapation to the new culture.
Ex: host culture is economically sound, members appear more tolerant and hospitable toward strangers, but when conditions are poor, strangers become scapeoats |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| For immigrants, the permanent residence status evokes a mixture of affective and work-related stressors. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
The emotional significance that we attach to our sense of belonging or affiliation with the larger culture
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|
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Term
|
Definition
| Inherently a matter of ancestry, of beliefs about the origins of one's forebears. Ethnicity can be based on national origin, race, religion, or language. |
|
|
Term
| Individualistic Relationship Orientations |
|
Definition
I-Identity Relationship Expectations
Couple's Privacy and Autonomy Needs
Voluntary Personal Commitment
Low-Context Emotional Expressions
Unique Relational Culture |
|
|
Term
| Collectivistic Relationship Orientations |
|
Definition
Ingroup Relationship Pressures
Ingroup's Connection and Concerns
Family and Social Reactions
High-Context Emotional Expressions
Conventional Relational Culture |
|
|
Term
| The 4 Identity Forms in which many bicultural/biracial children find themselves are: |
|
Definition
Majority-Group Identifiers
Minority-Group Identifiers
Synthesizers
Disaffiliates |
|
|
Term
| In the visual metaphor of the overlapping double normal curves, Dr. B was trying to illustrate... |
|
Definition
| why it is easier to communicate with someone at your level between cultures than someone at the other end of the spectrum in your own culture |
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|
Term
| The basic principles of respect from the Dalai Lama relate well to... |
|
Definition
| Ting-Toomey and Chung's basic Principles of Intercultural Communication |
|
|
Term
| To illustrate the way bi-racial children -all 3 being the same race- experience different communication influences, Dr. B expaliend how their parents noted how... |
|
Definition
| students reacted to the way the kids' facial features created a classification system |
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|
Term
| What language rule fits the best with intercultural commuication according to Dr. B? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Phonological Rules
Morphological Rules
Syntactic Rules
Semantic Rules
Pragmatic Rules
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|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the different accepted procedures for combining phonemes (basic units of words). |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to how combinations of different sounds make up a meaningful word or part of a word (ex: new and com-er make new-com-er). |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to how words are sequenced together in accordance with the grammatical practices of the linguistic community. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Concerns the features of meaning we attack to words. (ex: pretty has a feature of female and handsome has a feature of male). |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the contextual rules that govern language usage in a particular culture. Concerns the rules of how to say what to whom and under what situations (situations). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Language acts as a gatekeeper in naming and selecting what is considered "news" or "real"in our social environment |
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Term
|
Definition
| Language represents a rallying point for evoking group sentiment and shared identity. Language serves the larger cultural-ethnic identity function b/c it's an emblem of group solidarity. (Ex: aloha) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Language can set us free if we are willing to mindfully chane our language habits and preconceived biased notions about about different identity groups. |
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|
Term
| The major challenge from a communication perspective about nonverbal communication is the principle that nonverbal communication is often _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LaRusso's categories of nonverbal communication |
|
Definition
| Time, Space, Action, Material, Form |
|
|
Term
| Monochronic-Time Schedule |
|
Definition
| People in MT cultures pay close attention to clock time and do one thing at a time. Schedule is given top priority. |
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|
Term
| Polychronic-Time Schedule |
|
Definition
| People in PT cultures pay attention to relation time (involvement with people) and place more emphasis on completing human transactions than on holding to schedules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Emphasizes the importance of informality, casualness, and role suspension in verbal communication. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Emphasizes the importance of upholding status-based and role-based interaction that reflects formality and large power distance |
|
|
Term
| Low-Context Communication (LCC) |
|
Definition
| Emphasis on how intention or meaning is best expressed through explicit verbal messages. Direct verbal mode, speaker is responsible. |
|
|
Term
| High Context Communication (HCC) |
|
Definition
| Emphasis on how intention or meaning can be best conveyed through the context and nonverbal channels. Indirect verbal mode, receiver responsible. |
|
|
Term
| The exercise with the word, "UP" was designed to demonstrate the challenge of... |
|
Definition
| how we learn many of the definitions informally via context |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Refer to our larger philosophical outlook or ways or perceiving the world and how this outlook or ways of perceiving the world and how this outlook affects our thinking and reasoning patterns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Emphasizes rational thinking that is based on an objective reality. Emphasizes either facts and figures or models and theories by using inductive and deductive reasoning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the importance of facts and evidence to make a claim. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the primary of conceptual models and theories and then a move to specific points of implications. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reflects a holistic reasoning pattern. |
|
|
Term
| Since the Hopi language does not have a past-present-future grammatical system, they speak in terms of events. This linking of one's worldview, grammatical structure of language, and patterns together is called the ________ hypothesis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Look each other in the eye directly, face each other, touch and/or kiss each other, speak in loud voices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Engage in little if any touching, preferring indirect eye gazes and speaking in a lower tone. |
|
|
Term
| The textbook noted how the markets have changed b/c of the pervasiveness of the internet, especially in the areas of ______ and _______ as cultural comm. has changed the world |
|
Definition
| Electronic Gadgets and fashion |
|
|
Term
| One of the challenges presented as a dialectical challenge as part of one's identity often provides an advantage to those who can have a ________ focus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| working on one project at a time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tending to multiple e.net tasts or activities
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|
|
Term
| The internet has changed communication patterns among many entities in various countries. The restult of this change in the market place means that... |
|
Definition
| Local consumers have options from around the world, People adapt fashions from other cultures, Messages on websites of global companies need to consider the intercultural implications of many aspects |
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|
Term
| The text shows pictures of the Ganguro girls of Japan. These women are unusual b/c of their fashion statements expressed by... |
|
Definition
| black faces and dyed hair of brown and gold |
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|
Term
| A major contrast was made between what two modes of expressing opposites |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conflicts that come from two opposing forces that exist at the same time |
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|
Term
| To understand the increasing size of cultural influences, Dr. B starts with family neighborhood. The next level of analysis is __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ting-Toomey and Chung argue that E.Neter's have a local self and a _____ self. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dialectical conflicts are defined as conflicts that come from __________ ________ forces that exist at the ______ time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The 3 dialectical challenges that the authors propose we learn about the E'net identity are all of the following dialectics but |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The 3 dialectical challenges are |
|
Definition
Spatial Zone
Temporal Zone
Identity Zone |
|
|
Term
| Major influences on the development of global identities include ______ b/c of shows such as Sesame St. and _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Americans have been exposed to many of the cultural characters and scenes from ______ b/c of the many games and videos and other electronic devices. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dr. B has observed that one of the many challenges we will face w/ electronic communication is the loss of ______ b/c of the inherent recordin and storage of so much of the electronic comm. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What terms reflect the e-characteristics of as the authors believethey relate to communication |
|
Definition
electronic, emoticon, exclusive, exploring, ethnic identity, entertainment, economy
(NOT elegance) |
|
|
Term
| Dr. B noted how ch. 12 with its emphasis on on how electronic comm has changed the world reflects the theme of Thomas Friedman's book, _________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The TV shows Iron Chef, Survivor, Big Brother, and Trading Spaces were used to illustrate |
|
Definition
| Influence from foreign countries on US TV (reverse flow of globalization) |
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|
Term
| We are urged to take a path from _______ to ______ as a way to approach intercultural ethics |
|
Definition
| Ethnocentrism to Ethnorelativism |
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|
Term
| "In Rome do as the Romans do" is an example of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The terms, "justices, rights, duties, virtues, ideals, and consequences" support what type of ethics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "...to hold true to the standards of ethics that America business follows as they are universal" is an example of what type of ethics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A key word in the section on effective Cultural Communication in Ting-Toomey and Chung's textbook is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Many scenes in the movie, Crash, reflected communication patterns based on _________ of a particular group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The study discussed about the elementary students in L.A. demonstrated how... |
|
Definition
| eye contact was interpreted by white teachers as lying when mothers were teaching their children how that behavior was respectful |
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|
Term
| Painting swastikas on a synogogue wall is an example of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When lecturing on Mason's Early Identification program, Natalie made the distinction between discrimination as _______ and prejudice as a _______ activity of creating negative categories for a group. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During negotations one should consider three strategies for negotiating scarce resources |
|
Definition
Differentiation
Expansion
Compensation |
|
|
Term
3 behaviors to achieve the goal of mindful listening are
|
|
Definition
paraphrasing
perception-checking
nonverbally nodding of the head |
|
|
Term
| If selected by the Department of Interior to negotiate with tribal leaders of the Warm Springs reservation, these individuals would exhibit... |
|
Definition
| Verbal restraint and self-discipline in emotional expressions |
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|
Term
| If negotiating with a church that owns land to set up a factory, an individual would plan her communication on the expectation that the African-Americans' negotation traits would be.... |
|
Definition
| emotionally engaged and high keyed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attending mindfully with one's eyes, ears, and a focused heart |
|
|
Term
| the 5 conflict styles are |
|
Definition
Dominating Style
Avoiding Style
Obliging/Accomodating Style
Compromising Style
Integrating/Collaborative Style |
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