Term
| What makes up the integumentary system? |
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Definition
| Skin and related structures (hair, nails, hooves, horns, claws, and glands). |
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Term
| What are a few of the functions of the integumentary system? |
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Definition
| protection, prevents water loss, excrete organic wastes, receive sensory, Vit. D, stores nutrients and aids immune defense. |
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Term
| Name the 3 layers of the skin. |
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Definition
| Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis. |
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Term
| What type of cells make up the epidermis? |
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Definition
| karatinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, and merkel cells. |
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Term
| Name the 5 layers of the epidermis. |
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Definition
| Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum, and Stratum basale |
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Term
| What type of cells make up the dermis? |
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Definition
| Fibroblasts, adipocytes, and macrophages. |
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Term
| What type of tissue makes the dermis? |
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Definition
| dense irregular connective tissue. |
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Term
| Name the 2 layers of the dermis. |
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Definition
| superficial papillary layer, and the deeper reticular layer. |
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Term
| Hypodermis is also referred to as the... |
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Definition
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Term
| 1st degree burns damage the _____ layer of skin. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2nd degree burns damage the ___ layer of the skin. |
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Definition
| epidermis and part of the dermis. |
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Term
| 3rd degree burns damage the ___ layer of the skin. |
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Definition
| epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. |
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Term
| What are the functions of hair? |
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Definition
| Protection, heat retention, sensory reception, visual ID or camouflage, and chemical signal dispersal. |
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Term
| In what skin layer will you find the hair follicle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the arrector pili muscle do? |
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Definition
| contraction of muscle pulls the hair up straight. |
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Term
| What 3 layers is a hair strand divided into? |
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Definition
| medulla (inner most), cortex (middle layer), and cuticle (outter shell). |
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Term
| What are the stages of hair growth? |
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Definition
| Anagen (hair begins to lengthen), Catagen (period of transition), Telogen (maximum length is reached). |
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Term
| What gives hair its color? |
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Definition
| number and type of melanin. |
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Term
| What types of hair is found on animals and give an example for each? |
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Definition
primary or guard hairs - heckles
Secondary or wool hairs - full body coat.
Tactile hairs - whickers |
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Term
| What are the cutaneous pouches in sheep and what do they do? |
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Definition
| Infoldings of skin that contain fine hairs and oil glands. They secrete a fatty yellow substance which covers the skin when dry. |
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Term
| What are ergots and chestnuts? |
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Definition
| dark horny structures found on the legs of the equids. |
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Term
| Types of glands of the skin? |
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Definition
| sebaceous, sweat, tail, and anal glands. |
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Term
| What is the function of the sebaceous glands? |
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Definition
| secretes sebum through the duct into the hair follicle. |
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Term
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Definition
| glycerides & free fatty acids. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 2 types of sweat glands. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between merocrine and apocrine? |
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Definition
| merocrine empties onto the skin, apocrine empties into hair follicles. |
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Term
| Where will you find canine sweat glands? |
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Definition
| deep layers of fat and CT of the foot pads. |
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Term
| Where is the tail glands on canines and felines? |
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Definition
| Dorsal to the base of the tail. |
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Term
| What is the tail glands purpose? |
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Definition
| Provides identification of individual animals. |
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Term
| What is a significant similarity between horns, hoofs, and hair? |
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Definition
| Each structure is made with keratin. |
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Term
| True or False: Horns continually erupt. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does polled breeds mean? |
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Definition
| Horn-free breed of a species that typically does have horns. |
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Term
| What is the difference between horns and antlers? |
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Definition
| Horns originate in the epidermis and if are removed they will not grow back. Antlers originate in the dermis and will annually shed. |
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