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| Functions of the integument |
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| Protections, insulation, secretion, site of Vitamin D synthesis, cutaneous sense glands in the dermis |
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| composed of connective tissue |
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| avascular; keratinized stratified squamous epithelium consisting of four cell types and five layers |
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| most abundant epithelium cell; function to produce keratin fibrils |
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| fibrous protein that gives the epidermis its durability and protective capabilities |
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| spidery black cells that produce pigment |
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| epidermal;also called langerhans cells; play a role in immunity |
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| (horny layer)outermost epidermal layer that has 20 to 30 cell layers; bulk of the epidermal thickness; cells are dead and fully keratinized |
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| (clear layer)thin layer of translucent flattened dead keratinocytes with distinctive boundaries |
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| (granular layer) thin layer named for the abundant granules its cells contain |
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| (spiny layer) cells contain thick weblike bundles of intermediate filaments; cells divide rapidly in this layer. Cells receive nourishment in this layer |
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| (basal layer) a single row of cells adjacent to the dermis; cells undergo mitotic cell division |
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| dense irregular connective tissues |
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| the more superficial dermal region composed of areolar connective tissue; fingerlike projections |
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| attaches to the epidermis above; lie on top of larger dermal layers and give skin the unique fingerprints on hands and feet |
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| deepest skin layer; contains arteries, veins, sweat and sebacceous glands and pressure receptors |
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| result of amount of melanin in skin, amount of carotene in skin and degree of oxygenation of the blood |
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| hornlike derivatives of the epidermis |
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| structure consisting of a medulla a central region surronded by the cortex and then by a protective cuticle |
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| a structure formed from both epidermal and dermal cells; its inner epithelial root sheath is enclosed by a basement membrane |
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| a small nipple of dermal tissue that protrudes into the hair bulb from the connective tissue sheath and provides nutrition to the growing hair |
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| small bands of smooth muscle that contract during cold or fright, the follicle is pulled upright giving the skin goosebumps |
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| ducts usually empty into a hair follicle |
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| product of sebacceaous glands |
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| also called merocrine sweat glands; produce clear perspiration all over the body; under control of the nervous system |
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| found in the axillary and genital areas; secrete a milky protein and fat rich substance |
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