Term
| What is the largest organ in the body by size and weight? and what is its function? |
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Definition
| The skin. It functions to protect us from pathogens, prevent excessive evaporation of water, and to regulate body temperature. |
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Term
| what are the three main layers of skin from the outermost to innermost layer? |
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Definition
| epidermis, dermis, hypodermis |
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Term
| The deepest part of the epidermis is called the _____ ______ and is where skin cells are replenished. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| As skin cells age they become filled with the protein keratin, making the skin waterproof |
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Term
| What is the function of melanin? |
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Definition
| To absorb UV rays and protect underlying tissues from the sun. |
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Term
| Name 4 main things found in the dermis layer of the skin. |
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Definition
1. sensory receptors
2. hair follicles
3. sudoiferous (sweat) glands
4. sebaceous (oil) glands |
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Term
| What kind of tissue is the dermis composed of? |
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Definition
| various cell types in a connective tissue matrix. |
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Term
| What are the main ingredients of sweat? |
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Definition
| water, electrolytes, and urea |
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Term
| What is the purpose of sweat? |
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Definition
| to allow loss of excess heat by evaporation. |
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Term
| People in hot climates have increased levels of what, to conserve sodium? |
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Definition
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Term
| The hypodermis consists of what kind of tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Something with a relatively constant body temperature. |
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Term
| How do homeotherms such as bears increase their temperature? and what is this process known as? |
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Definition
| By burning brown adipose tissue in a process called chemical thermogenesis or non-shivering thermogenesis. |
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Term
| Humans use what 4 strategies to increase their temperature? |
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Definition
1. Contraction of skeletal muscles (shivering or jumping up and down)
2. The skin insulates us, so heat is conserved when generated by our metabolism.
3. Cutaneous Vasoconstriction. constriction of blood vessels, less accessible to conduction.
4. Clothing and blankets |
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Term
| How do humans get rid of excess heat? (2) |
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Definition
1. Cutaneous vasodilation. dilation of blood vessels. more susceptible to conduction heat loss.
2. Sweating, heat loss by evaporation. |
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