Term
| which of the following cells are activated by antigen in peripheral tissue and end up mainly in the t-cell zone fo the secondary lymphoid tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| adaptive immunity is characterized by the following EXCEPT: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Antigen presenting cells perform which of the following functions in adaptive immune
response? |
|
Definition
| Display MHC-associated peptides on their cell surface for surveillance by T-lymphocytes |
|
|
Term
Which of the following statements about the antigen-presenting function of
macrophages is: |
|
Definition
| Macrophages express highly variable high affinity receptors for a variety of antigens |
|
|
Term
What molecule(s) has(have) functions that connect the innate and adaptive immune
response? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| B-cells differ from other professional APC's because they: |
|
Definition
| Present only peptides from antigens they bind with their membrane BCR |
|
|
Term
| The ability of cytotoxic T-cells (CTL's) to bind and destroy target cells depends on |
|
Definition
| Antigen presentation on the surface of the target cells via MHC I |
|
|
Term
What additional co-stimulatory cell can aid an antigen presenting cell to activate a
CD8 Tcell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The_______theory states that each antigen reactive B-cell or T-cell has only a single
type |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T-cell activation requires two pairs of molecular interactions between a T-cell and an APC cell. |
|
Definition
| TCR::MHC and B7 ligand::B7 |
|
|
Term
| The main function of dendritic cells is: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _________are responsible for the production of antibody against free pathogens and soluble products from pathogens while____________destroy virally infected cells. |
|
Definition
| B-cells, cytotoxic T-cells |
|
|
Term
Adaptive cell-mediated immunity involves the generation of activated antigen-specific
effector: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Once T-cells have received antigen plus co-stimulatory signals, they divide in
reponse to IL-2 secrete by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following terms best describes the mode of action of IL-2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Secondary lymphoid tissue |
|
Definition
| Produce large numbers of activated antigen specific effector cells |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a feature of MHC class I molecules? |
|
Definition
| Present antigenic peptides to CD8 T-cells |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following molecules is a co-receptor of TCR that binds to MHC II? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT associated with negative selection of T-cells? |
|
Definition
| Recognition of foreign antigen |
|
|
Term
| Double positive T-cells express: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Positive and negative selection of developing T-cells: |
|
Definition
| Are both necessary processes for aquisition of self tolerance |
|
|
Term
| 22Which of the following DOES NOT characterize MHC class II molecules? |
|
Definition
| Are essential for immune response of virus infected cells |
|
|
Term
| Mature naive single positive T-cells |
|
Definition
| Are ready to undergo antigen presentation |
|
|
Term
| The important activation signal for naive CD4 T-cells is: |
|
Definition
| Interaction of TCR with MHC/peptide complex and co-stimulatory signal |
|
|
Term
| What molecule is essential to the activity of an antigen presenting cell and not present in other cells such as epethilial cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If a pathogen is able to evade phagocytosis by blocking phago-lysosome fusion in
macrophages, which immune effector cell is important in the destruction of this
pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thymus dependent B-cell activation by T-effector cells requires that B-cells: |
|
Definition
| Process and present peptide antigen on the B-cell surface by Class II MHC molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T-independent B-cell activation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T-dependent B-cell activation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| professional antigen presentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Innate immune response only |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a (are) characteristic(s) of thymus dependent B-cell activation: |
|
Definition
| Induces immunological memory |
|
|
Term
| A characteristic secondary immune reponse after first encounter with an pathogen: |
|
Definition
The thymus dependent activation of B-cells for production of high affinity antigen specific
IgG |
|
|
Term
| Thymus independent B-cell activation DOES NOT involve: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement of cells from blood vessels to surrounding tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The preferential entry of different types of lymphocytes to different tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Guide movement of leukocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Innate immune responses are important in the initiation of the adaptive immune
response because: |
|
Definition
| They create the environment ideal for expression of the co-stimulatory molecule B7 necessary for antigen presentation to T-cells by dendritic cells |
|
|
Term
| The induction of a Th2 response by Mycobacterium leprae that grown in intracellular vescicles of macrophages, implies that these bacteria will evade immune elimination by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The humoral immune response to T-independent antigens includes production of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CD4+ effector T-cells that respond to intracellular pathogens by activating phagocytic cells are termed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T independent antigens do NOT: |
|
Definition
| Get presented on MHC Class II |
|
|
Term
After maturation, which of the following types of lymphocytes emerge from the
thymus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following events occurs earliest in the maturation of T-cells? |
|
Definition
| Rearragement of TCR beta chain |
|
|
Term
| Cells which are phagocytic include: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of th following is NOT a mechanism for generating variability in TCR's? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Activation of naive T helper immune response to a protein antigen requires the participation of antigen-processing cells that express which of the following types of molecules on the APC side? |
|
Definition
| Class II MHC and co-stimulators |
|
|
Term
| T helper lymphocytes are characterized by |
|
Definition
| Expression of CD4 in the cell membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vaccination protects us from infectious disease by generating: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T-cells containing CD8 co-receptors interact with what type of cell(s)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CD4+ Th1-cells interact with and activate what type of cell(s)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Molecules on the effector Th2 cells that interact directly with a B-cell include, but are not limited to: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inflamation does NOT involve: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Naive T-cells are activated to armed effector cells when they encounter antigen on: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Th2 cells secrete cytokines which: |
|
Definition
| Stimulate B-cell differentiation |
|
|
Term
| A T-cell which binds antigen without undergoing a co-stimulatory signal from and APC: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exogenous antigens are processed: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT a function of macrophages? |
|
Definition
| Production and secretion of immunoglobulins |
|
|
Term
| The role of the antigen-presenting cell in the immune response is all of the following EXCEPT: |
|
Definition
| To present non-self peptides with MHC class II molecules to B-cells |
|
|
Term
| What is true regarding the CD4 molecule? |
|
Definition
| It binds to MHC class II molecules |
|
|
Term
| What is INCORRECT regarding the immune response to LPS? |
|
Definition
| Cytokines are required for the production of the antibody response |
|
|
Term
All of the following are characteristics of both MHC class I and class II molecules
EXCEPT? |
|
Definition
| Both are expressed in all nucleated cells |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is INCORRECT concerning MHC class II molecules? |
|
Definition
| MHC class II molecules are associated with beta-2microglobulin |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is INCORRECT concerning the processing of an antigen, such as a bacterial protein, in the lysosome compartment of the cell? |
|
Definition
| It may lead to the activation of CD8+ T-cells |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements about CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells is INCORRECT? |
|
Definition
| They cannot kill CD4+ T-cells |
|
|
Term
| Class II MHC molecules do not efficiently present endogenous antigens because: |
|
Definition
Endogenous peptides are loaded in the ER while exogenous peptides are loaded in the
lysosome |
|
|
Term
| MHC Class I with bound antigen, on the surface of _________, present_________antigen to CD8 T-cells. |
|
Definition
| Virus infected cells, endogenous |
|
|
Term
| A fundamental difference between the antigen receptor on B cells (BCR) and on Tcells (TCR) is their: |
|
Definition
| Function following antigen binding |
|
|
Term
| Adaptive immunity mechanism for eradicating established viral infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innate immunity for eradicating established viral infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innate immunity mechanism for preventing viral infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cell mediated immunity for combating intracellular bacteria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements about T-cells involved in an immune response is NOT true? |
|
Definition
Activated T-cells contribute to the activation of B-cells.
One major effector function of helper T-cells is to activate macrophages via the release of cytokines.
When the infection is eliminated activated T die by apoptosis |
|
|
Term
| 76. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infects endothelial cells and B-cells. About half of us are infected by the virus while very young, and do not suffer disease. Around half of the individuals who avoid the virus while young are infected in the teenage years and develop a disease called mononucleosis. In this disease, lymph nodes swell painfully as our immune system produces large numbers of lymphocytes to eliminate virus-producing cells. these lymphocytes are probalby: |
|
Definition
| Cytotoxic T-cells to destroy virus-containing cells |
|
|
