Term
| what is the scientific method and all of its steps? |
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Definition
| scientific method- Series of steps scientist use Steps- 1.Recognizing problem 2.Researching the problem 3.Forming a hypothesis 4.Testing hypothesis (the experiment) 5.Drawing conclusions |
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Term
| What is a controlled experiment? Why is it important? |
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Definition
| A cod experiment is when the variable in the experiment is controlled. It is important because it helps you keep track of how the result is changing as the variables change |
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Term
| convert the following into scientific notation: 3.1 x 10to the7 or to the -7 |
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Definition
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Term
| What are all the basic SI units for mass, temperature, length and volume? |
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Definition
| Mass-kg Temperature- kelvin Length- meter volume- liters |
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Term
| Know the values and meanings of kilo, hecto, deka, deci, centi, and milli. |
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Definition
| King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk (K.H.D.B.C.M) |
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Term
| know the basic tools for measuring mass, temperature, length, volume, and etc. |
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Definition
Mass- balance
Temperature- thermometer
Length- ruler
Volume- beaker |
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Term
| Convert the following measurements: 2500mm to dkm, 0.034hg to cg. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the conservation of mass? Why is it important? |
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Definition
| Matter can't be destroyed or created, it stays the same over time. It is important because that is needed to find the chemical reaction. |
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Term
| In the compound A12(SO4)3, how many atoms are on the compound? how many oxygen atoms? |
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Definition
| There are 16 atoms on the compound and 4 oxygen atoms. |
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Term
| Tell me which of the following are physical or chemical changes: Freezing point, density, rusting iron, cooking eggs, burning wood, dissolving salt, and buoyancy |
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Definition
Freezing point- Physical
Density- Physical
rusting iron- Chemical change
cooking eggs- Physical
burning wood- Chemical
dissolving salt- Physical
Buoyancy- Chemical change |
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Term
| What is always true about density of a substance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the difference between a pure substance and a mixture (Give the different types of each) |
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Definition
Pure substance- any substance that has a fixed composition and definite properties ex:Elements
Mixture- a combination of more than one pure substance that are only physically combined ex:Homo&Heterogeneous |
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Term
| What are the parts of a solution? Give examples of each |
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Definition
| Solute- Dissolved in the substance Ex: Sugar Solvent- Does the dissolving Ex: Water |
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Term
| What are two types of bonding? Explain the process of each type. Give examples. |
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Definition
| The two types of bonding are Ionic and Covalent. Ionic bond happens when the differently charged atoms attract and create an atomic bond. An example is Lithium Floride (LiF). A Covalent bond is the sharing of valance electrons, two or more valance electrons shared rather than a basic electron transfer. An example is Hydrogen (H2). |
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Term
| What are the ways you can dissolve a solute faster? Give all three and how they change the process |
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Definition
1.Brake it into smaller pieces- It would reduce the amount of time to dissolve
2.Heating- It makes the solute more active
3.Stirring- Makes the substances brake down more
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Term
| What is the atomic theory. Where is the location of electron, proton and neutron |
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Definition
| All matter is made out of atoms. The proton and neutrons are in the middle and the electrons orbit around it |
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Term
| How do you find the number of electrons, protons and neutrons on the periodic table? |
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Definition
| Mass number- is the number of Atomic number- Number of protons in the nucleus
The number of protons is the same amount of electrons |
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Term
| Compare and contrast elements off the periodic table |
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Definition
families (columns) are visible">elements that have similar physical and chemical properties.
Every group has the same number of valence electrons |
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Term
| Trends of the alkali metals, alkali earth metals, transition metals, halogens, semiconductors/metalloids, and noble gases |
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Definition
Alkali metals form salts and many other compounds. These elements are less dense than other metals, form ions with a +1 charge, and have the largest atom sizes of elements in their periods. They are highly reactive.
Alkali Earth metals form many compounds. They have ions with a +2 charge. Their atoms are smaller than those of the alkali metals.
Transition metal elements are very hard, with high melting points and boiling points. The transition metals are good electrical conductors and are very malleable. They form positively charged ions.
Halogen-elements in bleaches, disinfectants, and salts. These nonmetals form ions with a -1 charge. The physical properties of the halogens vary. The halogens are highly reactive.
Metalloids-Some elements have some, but not all of the properties of the metals
Noble gases-These elements are used to make lighted signs, refrigerants, and lasers. The noble gases are not reactive. This is because they have little tendency to gain or lose electrons. |
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Term
| Why do atoms have no electric charge? Why do ions have a charge? |
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Definition
| Because there is a negative and positive charge canceling it out. Ions have a charge because there is an odd amount of protons and neutrons so thy don't cancel eahcother out |
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Term
| Why is a mixture different from a compound? |
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Definition
| compounds are formed when the atoms physically attach together, a mixture is just 2 things mixed together. Mixtures can be separated easily |
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Term
| Elements on the periodic table are organized by what two things? |
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Definition
| By families and reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| They bond by attracting to the opposite charges |
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Term
| If an object is at rest, what is its speed, velocity, and acceleration? |
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Definition
| it is at a constant speed |
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Term
| How many galaxies are in the universe? |
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Definition
| There are at least 100 billion galaxies in the universe. |
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Term
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Definition
| A light year is the distance light travels in one year |
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Term
| What are the main differences between the inner and outer planets in our galaxy? |
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Definition
| The inner planets are made up of rocks and is solid, the outer planets is made out of gas |
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Term
| How are galaxies classified? |
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Definition
| Galaxies are classified into four major types.. 1.Spiral 2.Barred Spiral 3.Elliptical 4.Irregular |
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Term
| Draw a picture of a lunar eclipse. Know the placement of the sun, moon and earth. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do we have day and night on Earth? Why do we have seasons? |
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Definition
We have day and night on Earth because of Earth's rotation on it's axis, while one part of the Earth has daylight from the sun's rays one side has night that is facing away from the sun and towards the moon.
We have seasons because of the tilt on the Earth's axis. Because the Earth is tilted there are 2 different hemispheres to recieve different amount of sunlight. |
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Term
| How will the sun change as it ages? What could happen to the inner planets? |
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Definition
| The sun could decrease in giving off heat because as it |
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Term
| What's the main difference between a heliocentric and a geocentric belief? |
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Definition
Copernicus believed that the Sun was the center of the universe and the planets revolved around the Sun. Which turned out to be correct, it was true. The Sun is the center of the universe which is called Heliocentric.
Aristole proposed a theory where the planets relvove around the Earth, the Earth was the center of the universe which was called Geocentric. He and other people thought that because religion was a big factor in thinking that.
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Term
| Approximately how old is the universe? |
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Definition
| The universe is approximately 13.7 billion years old. |
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Term
| What is the Big Bang Theory? |
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Definition
| The Big Bang Theory is the when there was a big bang and the universe was created. The universe came into existence called the The Big Bang Theory. |
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Term
| How long does it take the for the moon to go through its phases? To travel around the Earth? |
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Definition
| It takes about 29 days (about 1 month) for the moon to go through it's phases. It takes about 28 days for the moon to travel around the Earth. |
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Term
| What are Newton's 3 laws of motion? |
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Definition
First law- An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by a net force. An example is when a car bumps into a bridge. The people are in motion until they hit the bridge which is the net force. Second law- When a force is applied to an object the object accelerates in the direction of the force. An example is when someone kicks at ball. The person is the force that is applied to the object which is the ball and the ball accelerates in the direction where is kick came from.
Third law- With every action there is equal or opposite reaction. An example is letting the air out in a balloon because the action is the air rushing out. The reaction is the balloon going up. |
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Term
| An arrow is released from an archer's bow travels at a speed of 65m/s for 22.5 seconds. How far does the arrow travel? |
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Definition
1. D=S*T (Distance=Speed*Time)
2. 65m/s*22.5s=1,462.5m/s2
3. The arrow travels 1,462.5m/s2.
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Term
| A driver is traveling east on a dirt road when she spots a deer in the middle of the road. She slows from 45m/s to 12m/s in 7.5 seconds. What is the car's acceleraction? |
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Definition
| 1. A=Vf-Vi
________
T
2. 12m/s-45m/s=33m/s2
____________________ =-4.4m/s2
7.5s
3. The car's acceleration is -4.4m/s2 |
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Term
A piece of tin has a mass of 16.52g and a volume of 2.26cm3. What is the density of the tin?
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Definition
1. D=M/V (Distance=Mass/Volume)
2. 16.52g/2.26cm3=7.3g/cm3
3. The density of the tin is 7.3g/cm3. |
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Term
| Find the density if the mass is 250g and the volume is 15cm3. |
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Definition
1. D=M/V
2. 250g/15cm3=16.6g/cm3
3.The density is 16.6g/cm3.
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Term
| What are two types of bonding? Explain the proccess of each type and give examples |
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Definition
ionic-form when a metal and a non-metal combine, and they give or take electrons
covalent-formed when two atoms share electrons. |
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Term
| Calculate speed,velocity,distance,time and acceleration |
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Definition
| Speed=d/t Velocity=d/t Distance=vt Time=d/s Acceleration= a = (vf - vi) / t |
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Term
| what is the name of a a slope on a distance time graph? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can you have a negative slope on a graph? tell me how |
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Definition
| yes because if it is negative it means that it is coming towards you |
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Term
| why is a computer more accurate than a person when timing data? |
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Definition
| Because it has alot of data and is smarter. |
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Term
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Definition
| Matter- Anything that has mass and takes up space |
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Term
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Definition
| The particle of the matter which retains it's chemical properties |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more different atoms chemically combined |
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Term
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Definition
| A molecule is the smallest particle in a chemical element or compound that has the chemical properties of that element or compound. Molecules are made up of atom s that are held together by chemical bonds. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A celestial object, thought to be a rapidly rotating neutron star, |
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Term
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Definition
| a mixture of a solute and a solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| Rigid structure that has a definite shape in composition |
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Term
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Definition
| number of protons or electrons in a nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| Subatomic particle with a negative charge and orbits around the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| code for a chemical element |
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Term
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Definition
| distance traveled divided by the time interval during which the motion occured |
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Term
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Definition
| Overal force acting on an object |
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Term
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Definition
| is a force that acts in an opposite direction to movement |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms mostly packed together, has definite volume but holds no shape |
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Term
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Definition
| Positively charged atoms found in the nucleus. Equal to the number of electrons. |
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Term
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Definition
| The rows on the periodic table |
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Term
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Definition
| How fast an object goes in a certain direction |
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Term
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Definition
| Period of great advances in science |
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Term
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Definition
| Earth and the planets orbiting the sun - Copernicus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a type of vaporization of a liquid that occurs from the surface of a liquid into a gaseous phase |
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Term
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Definition
| solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| When 2 equal forces applied to an object going in opposite directions |
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Term
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Definition
| any of a class of elementary substances |
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Term
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Definition
| Rate at which velocity changes over time |
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Term
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Definition
| Circling; the earth is rotating on it's axis |
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Term
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Definition
| The Earth is the center of the universe, all planets in the universe revolve/orbit around the Earth |
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Term
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Definition
| when two forces acting on an object are not equal in size. |
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Term
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Definition
| point in the orbit of a planet or comet where it is farthest from the Sun. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a liquid starts to become a solid |
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Term
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Definition
| The effect where the position or direction of an object appears to differ when viewed from different positions |
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Term
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Definition
| Directed or moving backwar |
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Term
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Definition
| what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment |
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Term
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Definition
| Sample of matter, a single element or a single sompund that has different chemicals or physical properties |
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Term
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Definition
| temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the elements found along the stair-step line that distinguishes metals from non-metals |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Smallest state of matter, has mass, expands and fills a container. |
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Term
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Definition
| A charged atom postive or negative. If gained electrons then its negatively charged. If positive then it will lose electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| Found in the nucleus, have no electrical charge, neutral, has the same mass as a proton |
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Term
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Definition
| The elements that are vertical on the periodic table |
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Term
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Definition
| Issac Newton discovered gravity. He is the person that came up with the 3 laws having to do with inertia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposed a new atomic theory that atoms can't be divided |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposed that the planets orbit around the sun in an ellipse |
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Term
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Definition
| J.J Thompson Came up with the plum pudding model. He discovered electrons. He also suggested that cathode rays were negatively charged particeles taht came from inside the atoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Said that the Sun was the center of the universe not the Earth. That is Heliocentric and this turned out to be true. |
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Term
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Definition
| He said that electrons can be found in certain energy levels, also that the energy of each electron was related to the electron's path around the nucleus. He also created a energy level model. |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures objects and shadow |
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Term
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Definition
| The total number of protons and neutrons added together |
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Term
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Definition
| Discovered the nucleus and conducted the gold foil experiment |
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Term
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Definition
| A Heterogeneous Mixture containing solid particles that are visible in a less dense liquid or gas |
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Term
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Definition
| A mixture that looks the same throughout; has the same type of subtance |
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Term
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Definition
| The phase of a gas forming into a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| When the planet it closest to the Sun. |
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Term
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Definition
| The elements that don't contain metal |
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Term
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Definition
| The variable that is being changed in an experiment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Things that can't be broken down, chemically put together and on the periodic table. |
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Term
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Definition
| A giant, bright star that has low mass. Happens when a star is at the end of it's life. The temperature near the core rises and the star expands. |
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Term
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Definition
| propounded the geocentric theory |
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Term
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Definition
| Perfected the teescope and discovered the moons of jupiter |
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Definition
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