Term
|
Definition
| evagination of ectoderm of primitive buccal cavity; develops into anterior pituitary |
|
|
Term
| development of posterior pituitary |
|
Definition
| arises from floor of diencephalon |
|
|
Term
| cavernous sinus contains CN... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anterior pituitary gland is composed of __% chromophobes, __% acidophils, and __% basophils |
|
Definition
| 50% chromophobes, 40% acidophils, 10% basophils |
|
|
Term
| basophils secrete what hormones? |
|
Definition
| FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH [FirstAid] |
|
|
Term
| largest population of anterior pituitary cells are [somatotrophs/corticotrophs/lactotrophs] |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what cells are located centrally in the anterior pituitary? laterally? scattered? |
|
Definition
central: corticotrophs, thyrotrophs
lateral: lactotrophs, somatotrophs
scattered: gonadotrophs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mutation found in 40% of somatotroph adenomas |
|
|
Term
| what chromosome is MEN on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what arbitrary number defines macroadenoma vs. microadenoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
headache, bitemporal hemianopsia, CSF rhinorrhea, hyperprolactinemia/galactorrhea
(increase ICP, compression of meninges, compression of chiasma, invasion into ethmoid bone, compression of stalk) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compression of stalk inhibits dopamine release -> hyperprolactinemia -> galactorrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compression of CN 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 |
|
|
Term
| apoplexy definition and presentation |
|
Definition
| necrosis and hemorrhage of tumor, most common in GnRH secreting tumors; presents with an acute onset or worsening of symptoms |
|
|
Term
| most common pituitary tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autosomal dominant syndrome of hyperpigmentation, endocrine overactivity, cardiac and skin myxomas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IGF-1 -> acromegaly or gigantism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pancreas (gastrinoma, insulinoma), pituitary adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia |
|
|
Term
| 2nd most common pituitary tumor? presentation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| presentation of gonadotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma |
|
Definition
| mass effect more common than endocrine effects, large and invasive, apoplexy |
|
|
Term
| least common pituitary adenoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hyperthyroidism without propotosis; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pituitary adenoma vs. carcinoma is defined by ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metastatic tumors more commonly invade the [anterior/posterior] pituitary |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| granular cell tumor arises in the [anterior/posterior] pituitary |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intracranial calcifications, Rosenthal fibers; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hydrocephalus, DI, short stature, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, hyperPRL, hyperphagia, aseptic meningitis; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| germinoma commonly invades the... |
|
Definition
| supra-sellar or intracranial regions |
|
|
Term
| hyperPRL, bitemporal hemianopsia; located at dura; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neuroblastoma commonly located at the sacro-coccygeal region or clivus; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| post-partum apoplexy that causes pan-hypopituitarism |
|
|
Term
| pathogenesis of lymphocytic hypophysitis |
|
Definition
| anterior pituitary polyclonal lymphocytic infiltrate and fibrosis; autoantibodies targets ACTH most commonly; occurs post-partum or during pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| empty sella syndrome: pathogenesis of primary vs. secondary |
|
Definition
primary: patent sellar diaphragm allows arachnoid to grow into and compress pituitary; clinically silent
secondary: destruction of pituitary pulls arachnoid in and compresses it further |
|
|
Term
| histology of Rathke's cleft cyst |
|
Definition
| cysts are lined by ciliated columnar and goblet cells |
|
|
Term
| pathology of giant saccular aneurysm |
|
Definition
| >2.5cm in diameter, connected to Circle of Willis |
|
|
Term
| diencephalic syndrome clinical presentation |
|
Definition
| emaciation despite food intake |
|
|
Term
| granular cell tumor clinical presentation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| euvolemic, hypovolemic, and edematous |
|
|
Term
| psammomatous melanotic schwannomas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mutations in chromosomes 2 and 17 encoding PKA |
|
Definition
|
|
