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Hunger Games Day 6 Social - FR
Hunger Games Day 6 Social - FR
100
History
12th Grade
05/01/2012
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Term
1)The Statute of Laborers:
 Definition
1)limited wages to pre-plague levels.
Term
2)The French peasant uprising of 1358 is known as the:
 Definition
2)Jacquerie.
Term
3)The Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges recognized what?
 Definition
3)the right of the French church to elect its own clergy without papal interference
Term
4)The Treaty of Troyes in 1420 disinherited the legitimate heir to the French throne and proclaimed this man the successor to the French king, Charles VI:
 Definition
4)Henry V.
Term
5)Which religious movements was most successful at assailing the late medieval church in England?
 Definition
5)Lollards
Term
6)Advocates of the ________ sought to fashion a church in which a representative council could effectively regulate the actions of the pope.
 Definition
6)Conciliar theory
Term
7)Between 1243 and 1480, Russia was ruled by:
 Definition
7)the Mongols.
Term
8)The broadest social division in 11th century Russia was between:
 Definition
8)freemen and slaves.
Term
9)Wealthy landowners in medieval Russia were known as:
 Definition
9)Boyars.
Term
10)This was the name for the segment of the Mongol Empire that included the steppe region of what is today southern Russia.
 Definition
10)Golden Horde
Term
11)Endemic warfare between the pope and the Holy Roman Emperor did what to the geo-politics of Italy?
 Definition
11)assisted the growth of Italian city-states.
Term
12)Social strife and competition for political power became so intense within the Italitan cities that most evolved into:
 Definition
12)despotisms.
Term
13)This occurred in 1378 as a result of the unbearable conditions for those at the bottom of society and the disruption caused by the Black Death:
 Definition
13)Ciompi Revolt.
Term
14)The first humanists were:
 Definition
14)orators and poets.
Term
15)How did Valla become a hero to Protestant reformers?
 Definition
15)his defense of predestination against the advocates of free will
Term
16)Who is considered the "father of Renaissance painting?"
 Definition
16)Rapael
Term
17)Scholars have coined the term ________ to describe the apparent coalescence of humanism and civic reform throughout Italy and northern Europe.
 Definition
17)civic humanism
Term
18)The city of Florence was governed by a group of six, later eight, men known as the ________, who were chosen from the most powerful guilds.
 Definition
18)Signoria
Term
19)Because despots could not count on the loyalty of the divided populace, they operated through mercenary armies obtained through military brokers known as ________.
 Definition
19)condottieri
Term
20)________ was the scholarly study of the Latin and Greek classics and of the ancient Church Fathers, both for its own sake and in the hope of reviving respected ancient norms and values.
 Definition
20)Humanism
Term
21)The goal of humanist studies was ________ eloquently spoken, both knowledge of the good and the ability to move others to desire it.
 Definition
21)wisdom
Term
22)The appeal of ________ lay in its flattering view of human nature, which distinguished between an eternal sphere of being and the perishable world in which humans actually lived.
 Definition
22)Platonism
Term
23)________ is a reaction to the simplicity of High Renaissance art and made room for the strange and the abnormal, giving freer reign to the individual perceptions and feelings of the artist, who now felt free to paint, compose, or write in an "affected" way.
 Definition
23)Mannerism
Term
24)Ludovico of Milan's fatal mistake was that he:
 Definition
24)appealed to the French for help and invited them to reenter Italy and revive their dynastic claim to Naples.
Term
25)The Habsburg-Valois wars were wars fought between France and:
 Definition
25)Spain; Spain won all four major battles.
Term
26)A new alliance between monarchs and this group helped break the bonds of feudal society.
 Definition
26)townspeople
Term
27)Reached in 1356 by the Emperor Charles IV and the major German territorial rulers, the ________ established a seven-member electoral college consisting of the archbishops of Mainz, Trier, and Cologne.
 Definition
27)Gold Bull
Term
28)He was by far the most effective and outspoken critic of the Spanish conquerors:
 Definition
28)Bartolomaccent(e) de Las Casas.
Term
29)A formal grant of the right to the labor of a specific number of Indians, usually a few hundred, but sometimes thousands, for a particular period of time is known as the ________.
 Definition
29)encomienda
Term
30)The Reformation broke out first in the cities of:
 Definition
30)Switzerland and Germany.
Term
31)13th- through 15th-century lay religious movements shared a common goal of:
 Definition
31)religious simplicity in the imitation of Jesus.
Term
32)This writer summarized the philosophy of the Brothers of the Common Life in what became the most popular religious book of the period, the Imitation of Christ:
 Definition
32)Thomas a Kempis.
Term
33)The long-entrenched ________ system of the medieval church had permitted important ecclesiastical posts to be sold to the highest bidders.
 Definition
33)benefice
Term
34)The medieval church had always taught that salvation was:
 Definition
34)a joint venture.
Term
35)An indulgence was:
 Definition
35)a remission of the temporal penalty imposed on penitents by priests as a work of satisfaction for their confessed mortal sins.
Term
36)In Luther's Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, he urged the German princes to:
 Definition
36)force reforms on the Roman Catholic Church.
Term
37)The Freedom of a Christian, written by Martin Luther, summarized the new teaching of salvation:
 Definition
37)by faith alone.
Term
38)Martin Luther was ordered to recant at the ________ in April of 1521.
 Definition
38)Diet of Worms
Term
39)Signed in 1555, the Peace of ________ enshrined regional princely control over religion in imperial law.
 Definition
39)Augsburg
Term
40)The Reformation in Zurich was led by:
 Definition
40)Ulrich Zwingli.
Term
41)What was the primary theological point of contention between Luther and Zwingli?
 Definition
41)the "presence" of Christ in the Eucharist
Term
42)Anabaptism desired:
 Definition
42)a rapid and thorough implementation of Apostolic Christianity.
Term
43)Anabaptists in Munster implemented the practice of ________ as a measure of social control to deal with the many recently widowed and deserted women left behind in the city.
 Definition
43)polygamy
Term
44)Established in mid-16th century Geneva, ________ believed strongly in both divine predestination and the individual's responsibility to reorder society according to God's plan.
 Definition
44)Calvinists
Term
45)Lutheranism was introduced into Denmark by:
 Definition
45)King Christian III.
Term
46)This influential women's order was founded in 1535 for the religious education of girls from all social classes:
 Definition
46)the Ursulines.
Term
47)Ignatius of Loyola taught good Catholics to:
 Definition
47)submit without question to higher church authority and spiritual direction.
Term
48)The Council of Trent's most important reforms concerned:
 Definition
48)internal church discipline.
Term
49)What contribute to the wide usage of wet nursing among upper-class women?
 Definition
49)The use of wet nurses reflected social standing.
Term
50)William Shakespeare was a member and principal writer of a famous company of actors known as:
 Definition
50)The King's Men.
Term
51)Robert Walpole (1676-1745) derived his political power from all of the following EXCEPT:
 Definition
51)his collaboration with leading Catholics.
Term
52)The "Table of Ranks," published by Peter the Great in 1722, was:
 Definition
52)a table that equated a person's social position with his rank in the bureaucracy or the military.
Term
53)The ________ dynasty ruled Russia from 1613 to 1917.
 Definition
53)Romanov
Term
54)The Ottoman sultans ruled their empire through administrative units called:
 Definition
54)millets.
Term
55)The Treaty of Carlowitz required the Ottoman Empire to:
 Definition
55)surrender the heart of its empire in Europe.
Term
56)18th-century Europeans enjoyed:
 Definition
56)community rights.
Term
57)Maria Winkelmann made her contributions in the field of:
 Definition
57)astronomy.
Term
58)Women during the scientific revolution were suppessed by?
 Definition
58)the majority of universities excluded women.
Term
59)"Why More Women than Men are Witches," the reason that statement was true was according to conventional thought was?
 Definition
59)Women are more likely to seek revenge and retribution than men.Because they truely are evil, I'm serious.
Term
60)In the sixteenth century, midwifery was a trade often pursued by:
 Definition
60)elderly or widowed women.
Term
61)The smallest, wealthiest, and best defined aristocracy resided in:
 Definition
61)Austria.
Term
62)The process in which children in their young teens would leave their nuclear family, learn a trade, and eventually marry and form their own independent household is known as:
 Definition
62)neolocalism.
Term
63)Describe an Eastern European household, in regards to the European family structure in the 18th century?
 Definition
63)Eastern European grandparents had the opportunity to form closer relationships with their grandchildren than did Northwestern European grandparents.
Term
64)In pre-industrial Europe, the dominant concern of married women was:
 Definition
64)producing enough farm goods to ensure an adequate food supply.
Term
65)18th century children lives had the following characteristics....
 Definition
65)there was a close relationship between rising food prices and the increasing numbers of abandoned children.
Term
66)Between 1700 and 1800, Europe's population rose from 100-120 million people to:
 Definition
66)almost 190 million people.
Term
67)Introduced from the New World, this new product allowed a more certain food supply in Europe and enabled more children to survive to adulthood and rear children of their own:
 Definition
67)potato.
Term
68)Factory production of purely cotton fabric was made possible by the invention of the:
 Definition
68)water frame.
Term
69)Given what you know about the impact of the agricultural and industrial revolutions concerning the lives of women, describe the impact both revolutions had on their workplace importance.
 Definition
69)As the revolutions progressed, the role and importance of women already in the work force diminished.
Term
70)Defined long-term results of the shift in female employment after and during the industrial and agricultural revolutions are?
 Definition
70)Women's work became associated with the home rather than with places where men worked.
Term
71)The ________ not only vastly increased and regularized the available energy, but also made possible the combination of urbanization and industrialization.
 Definition
71)steam engine
Term
72)The largest single group in eighteenth century cities was/were:
 Definition
72)shop keepers, artisans and wage earners.
Term
73)In the 18th century and thereafter, the Jewish population of Europe was concentrated in:
 Definition
73)Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine.
Term
74)Most 18th-century ________ were regarded as aliens whose status could be changed at the whim of local rulers or the monarchical government.
 Definition
74)Jews
Term
75)Since the Renaissance, European contact with the rest of the world has gone through four stages. Those stages are:
 Definition
75)1. exploration, conquest, and settlement or commercial expansion; 2. colonial trade rivalry between Spain, France, and Great Britain;3. the creation of formal empires in Africa and Asia and new areas of settlement; and 4. decolonization.
Term
76)The 19th century carving of new empires saw new European settlements in such regions as:
 Definition
76)Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Algeria.
Term
77)Which factors allowed European nations to exert influence and dominance over much of the world?
 Definition
77)Find this one in the book!
Term
78)Frederick II's invasion of Silesia offset the continental balance of power and:
 Definition
78)shattered the provisions of the Pragmatic Sanction.
Term
79)Maria Theresa's great achievement was:
 Definition
79)the preservation of the Habsburg Empire as a major political power.
Term
80)Much credit for Britain's victory in the Seven Years' War should go to:
 Definition
80)William Pitt the Elder.
Term
81)The two most important influences on Enlightenment thought were:
 Definition
81)Locke and Newton.
Term
82)After 1688, Great Britain permitted religious toleration to all except:
 Definition
82)Unitarians and Roman Catholics.
Term
83)An expanding, literate public and the growing influence of secular printed materials created a new and increasing influential social force called:
 Definition
83)public opinion.
Term
84)Written by Voltaire in English and later translated to French, this book praised the virtues of the English, especially their religious liberty, and implicitly criticized the abuses of French society:
 Definition
84)Letters on the English.
Term
85)Voltaire's most famous satire, ________, attacked war, religious persecution, and what he considered unwarranted optimism about the human condition.
 Definition
85)Candide
Term
86)The two major points in the Deists' creed were:
 Definition
86)the belief in an afterlife dependent upon one's earthly actions and the existence of a rational God.
Term
87)Which of the following figures came closest to atheism in their religious thinking?
 Definition
87)Baron d'Holbach
Term
88)According to Ethics, the most famous of his works, this man closely identified God and nature, an idea for which his contemporaries condemned him:
 Definition
88)Spinoza.
Term
89)This 18th century philosopher was known as the "Jewish Socrates":
 Definition
89)Mendelsohn
Term
90)Pascal and other critics saw this as an exceptionally carnal or sexually promiscuous religion because of its teaching that heaven was a place of sensuous delights:
 Definition
90)Islam.
Term
91)The Encyclopedia:
 Definition
91)secularized learning and spread Enlightenment ideas throughout Europe.
Term
92)He published On Crimes and Punishments, in which he applied critical analysis to the problem of making punishments both effective and just:
 Definition
92)Marquis Cesare Beccaria.
Term
93)According to Smith's four-stage theory, human societies:
 Definition
93)move from barbarism to civilization.
Term
94)He contended that the process of civilization and the Enlightenment had corrupted human nature:
 Definition
94)Rousseau.
Term
95)Based on his ideas and traditions, most 18th-century political thinkers regarded human beings as individuals and society as a collection of individuals pursing personal, selfish goals:
 Definition
95)Locke.
Term
96)Herder is famous for his early views concerning:
 Definition
96)cultural relativism.
Term
97)He maintained that women were not naturally inferior to men and that women should have a wider role in society. He was also sympathetic in his observations concerning the value placed on women's appearance and the prejudice women met as they aged:
 Definition
97)Montesquieu.
Term
98)Maria Theresa of Austria did all of the following EXCEPT:
 Definition
98)expanded primary education.
Term
99)Catherine the Great of Russia came to, and stayed in power by?
 Definition
99)Find this one in the book!
Term
100)As part of her territorial aspirations, Catherine the Great painlessly annexed this newly independent state in 1783:
 Definition
100)Crimea.
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